本文選題：微納光纖 + 光纖光柵��； 參考：《華中科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著元件設計理論和制備工藝技術(shù)的不斷完善,光學設備越來越趨向于微型化和模塊化。微納光纖有著尺寸小、低損耗、倏逝場傳輸、柔韌性好等獨特優(yōu)勢,已成為如今光學領域的一大研究熱點。另一方面,光纖傳感技術(shù)憑借其高靈敏度、抗電磁干擾、易于實現(xiàn)多點復用等突出優(yōu)點,逐漸成為科研與應用領域的熱點課題。其中光纖光柵、光纖干涉儀以及多波長光纖激光器等諸多光學器件以其獨特的結(jié)構(gòu)特性與實際應用潛力在光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡中得到了較多的關(guān)注。本論文針對下一代大容量、長距離、高精度光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡中的高靈敏度傳感器、高性能傳感光源等實際應用需求,設計了多種基于微納光纖的法布里-珀羅干涉型諧振結(jié)構(gòu),深入研究了其光學特性,并實現(xiàn)了基于微納諧振結(jié)構(gòu)的濾波器、折射率/溫度傳感器和可調(diào)諧多波長激光器等關(guān)鍵器件。本論文的主要研究工作包括以下幾個方面:(1)概括了微納光纖的發(fā)展史,并詳細介紹了微納光纖在光學傳感和光纖激光器領域的典型應用。建立微納光纖的波導模型,對其結(jié)構(gòu)特性、光學特性及傳感特性進行了詳細的模擬仿真分析,并就其制備工藝進行了深入探討和實驗研究。(2)提出了一種單模光纖布拉格光柵-微納光纖-單模光纖布拉格光柵(SMFBG-MNF-SMFBG)型諧振結(jié)構(gòu),該諧振結(jié)構(gòu)兼具光纖光柵和微納光纖的光學特性。進行了數(shù)學建模,并通過仿真就不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對其光學特性的影響做了詳細分析。針對微米布拉格光柵(MNFBG)制備工藝復雜、效率低等問題,創(chuàng)新性地提出了“SMFBG-MNF-SMFBG”的微法布里-珀羅干涉儀(MFPI)諧振結(jié)構(gòu),以及“單SMFBG刻寫——中間點熔融拉錐”的簡單制備工藝,得到了高消光比、平坦密集的寬帶濾波譜。(3)進行了基于上述MFPI諧振結(jié)構(gòu)的折射率和溫度的單參量傳感實驗。從理論上全面分析了該結(jié)構(gòu)的折射率和溫度敏感特性,并通過分別追蹤該MFPI諧振波長及反射帶中心波長的漂移,實現(xiàn)了折射率和溫度靈敏度分別為220.1nm/RIU和11.9pm/℃的單參量傳感。進一步地,充分考慮到MFPI諧振波長對溫度交叉敏感的影響,再結(jié)合MFPI諧振波長及其反射帶中心波長對折射率和溫度變化的不同響應,實現(xiàn)了該MFPI諧振結(jié)構(gòu)的折射率/溫度高精度雙參量傳感。(4)提出了一種級聯(lián)雙薩格奈克(Sagnac)環(huán)型MFPI諧振結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)可集成于單根微納光纖上。根據(jù)光場耦合理論建立了該結(jié)構(gòu)的等效模型,并就不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對其反射光譜性能的影響做出了全面的仿真分析。創(chuàng)新性提出了“火焰加熱拉錐普通光纖——彎曲扭轉(zhuǎn)微納光纖”的制備技術(shù)及對該MFPI結(jié)構(gòu)進行“微調(diào)腔長從而改變其濾波特性”的簡單調(diào)諧方法,得到高消光比、寬帶平坦、易調(diào)諧的梳狀濾波譜。(5)搭建了基于上述MFPI諧振結(jié)構(gòu)的多波長激光器,實現(xiàn)了3dB帶寬內(nèi)42個多波長的穩(wěn)定激射,室溫下1小時內(nèi)各波長無明顯漂移,峰值功率波動不超過0.602dB。進一步地,將該MFPI濾波結(jié)構(gòu)應用到可調(diào)諧多波長激光器中,通過改變MFPI結(jié)構(gòu)的腔長,獲得了輸出激光波長個數(shù)從65到21,激光波長間隔從0.065nm到0.173nm的可調(diào)諧輸出;穩(wěn)定性測試實驗表明,室溫下該可調(diào)諧多波長激光器穩(wěn)定性良好,其1小時內(nèi)最大功率波動僅為0.46dB。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of the theory of component design and preparation technology, optical devices tend to be miniaturized and modularized. Micro nano fiber has the unique advantages such as small size, low loss, evanescent field transmission, good flexibility and so on. It has become a hot research focus in the field of optics. On the other hand, fiber sensing technology relies on its high sensitivity. Anti electromagnetic interference, easy to achieve multi point reuse and other outstanding advantages, gradually become a hot topic in the field of scientific research and application, among which optical fiber Bragg grating, fiber interferometer and multi wavelength fiber laser have attracted more attention in optical fiber sensing network with its unique structural characteristics and practical application potential. For the next generation of high-capacity, long distance, high precision optical fiber sensor networks with high sensitivity sensors and high performance sensing light sources, a variety of Fabri Perot interferometric resonant structures based on micro nano fiber are designed, and their optical properties are studied. The filter based on micro nano resonant structure, refractive index / temperature are realized. The main research work of this thesis is as follows: (1) the development history of micro nano fiber is summarized, and the typical applications of micro nano optical fiber in optical sensing and fiber laser are introduced in detail. A detailed simulation and simulation analysis of the properties and sensing characteristics is carried out, and the preparation process is deeply discussed and experimentally studied. (2) a single mode fiber Prague grating micro nano fiber single mode fiber Prague grating (SMFBG-MNF-SMFBG) resonant structure is proposed, which has the optical properties of both fiber Bragg grating and micro nano fiber. The effects of different structural parameters on the optical properties of the micrometer Prague grating (MNFBG) are analyzed in detail. In view of the complex preparation technology and low efficiency of the micron Prague grating, the "SMFBG-MNF-SMFBG" micro Fabri Perot interferometer (MFPI) resonant structure is innovatively proposed, and the "single SMFBG writing" is used. The simple preparation process of the inter point melting taper has obtained a high extinction ratio and a flat and dense broadband filter spectrum. (3) a single parameter sensing experiment based on the refractive index and temperature of the MFPI resonant structure above is carried out. The refractive index and temperature sensitivity of the structure are analyzed theoretically, and the resonant wavelength and inverse of the MFPI are traced and reversed respectively. The drift of the center wavelength of the ejection band has realized the single parameter sensing of the refractive index and the temperature sensitivity of 220.1nm/RIU and 11.9pm/ C, respectively. Further, the effect of the MFPI resonant wavelength on the temperature cross sensitivity is fully taken into account, and the different responses of the resonant wavelength of the MFPI and the central wavelength of the reflector to the change of the ejection rate and temperature are realized, and the M is realized. The refractive index / temperature high precision dual parameter sensing of the FPI resonant structure. (4) a cascade double saggy Nanke (Sagnac) ring type MFPI resonant structure is proposed. This structure can be integrated on single micro nano fiber. Based on the optical field coupling theory, the equivalent model of the structure is established, and the effect of different structural parameters on its reflectance spectrum performance is made. A simple tuning method of "flame heating taper common fiber - bending and torsional micro nano fiber" and a simple tuning method for the MFPI structure to "adjust the length of the cavity to change its filtering characteristics" are innovatively proposed, and the comb filter spectrum with high extinction ratio, wide band and easy harmonics is obtained. (5) based on the above MFPI The multi wavelength laser with resonant structure has achieved 42 multiple wavelengths of stable lasing in the 3dB bandwidth. There is no obvious drift at all wavelengths in 1 hours at room temperature. The peak power fluctuation does not exceed 0.602dB. further. The MFPI filter structure is applied to the tunable multi wavelength laser. The output laser wavelength is obtained by changing the length of the cavity of the MFPI structure. The number of laser wavelength interval from 0.065nm to 0.173nm is from 65 to 21, and the stability test shows that the tunable multi wavelength laser is stable at room temperature and the maximum power fluctuation within 1 hours is only 0.46dB.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN253

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本文編號：1987838