本文選題：軟件無線電 + 射頻直接采樣��； 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著FPGA、DSP等硬件平臺的迅猛發(fā)展,數(shù)字信號的處理速度也不斷地增高,數(shù)字化處理技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用,模擬信號的數(shù)字化成為關(guān)鍵。伴隨著軟件無線電技術(shù)的興起與發(fā)展,如何將射頻前端的模擬部分高效地數(shù)字化處理,成為了大家關(guān)注的焦點,在現(xiàn)有的ADC硬件采樣頻率和采樣精度的前提下,將模擬帶寬可達到GHz的超寬頻帶信號采樣為數(shù)字化信號成為了一個難點。為適應(yīng)軟無平臺對寬帶信號處理的需求,迫使射頻前端結(jié)構(gòu)向前發(fā)展,為獲得更高輸入帶寬,對ADC的采樣速率和精度提出很高要求。通過多片ADC并行采樣的結(jié)構(gòu),彌補了傳統(tǒng)采樣方式高采樣速率卻只能對應(yīng)不足12 bit采樣位數(shù)的缺點,可以實現(xiàn)既有足夠高的采樣數(shù)率,又能獲得足夠高的采樣精度,使得射頻前端結(jié)構(gòu)進一步接近理想射頻直接采樣結(jié)構(gòu)。本文對比了目前軟件無線電射頻前端的三種采樣結(jié)構(gòu),提出采用基于混合濾波器組的并行采樣系統(tǒng)來取代多級混頻超外差式結(jié)構(gòu)的射頻直采系統(tǒng);推導(dǎo)了完全重構(gòu)條件和功率互補關(guān)系,結(jié)合遺傳算法設(shè)計優(yōu)化了一個滿足功率互補的兩通道混合濾波器組,完成了一個基于混合濾波器組的射頻直采驗證系統(tǒng)仿真。本文首先分析了軟件無線電平臺的射頻前端采樣結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展背景,簡單對比了三種采樣結(jié)構(gòu)的原理和優(yōu)缺點,提出了射頻直接采樣結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢和難點所在;簡單概述包括多速率采樣、濾波器組、ADC采樣的數(shù)字信號處理的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),掌握了它們的基本原理。其次對比了三種ADC并行采樣結(jié)構(gòu)的原理,重點研究了 HFB系統(tǒng),推導(dǎo)了信號的完全重構(gòu)條件和兩通道模擬濾波器組的功率互補條件,推導(dǎo)了傳遞函數(shù)系數(shù)優(yōu)化表達式,結(jié)合遺傳算法的優(yōu)點,在遺傳算法工具箱中優(yōu)化了傳遞函數(shù)系數(shù),得到具有嚴格功率互補關(guān)系的模擬濾波器組。再其次,通過IFFT算法推導(dǎo),得到了綜合濾波器組設(shè)計優(yōu)化的算法,提出基于遺傳算法優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)延遲參數(shù)和濾波器階數(shù),設(shè)計出滿足功率互補關(guān)系的混合濾波器組,并對比分析了不同類型的HFB結(jié)構(gòu)的誤差性能。最后,設(shè)計了一個基于BPSK調(diào)制信號解調(diào)的射頻直接采樣系統(tǒng),采用了兩通道功率互補的HFB并行采樣結(jié)構(gòu),分析不同信噪比條件下的BPSK解調(diào)誤碼率曲線,驗證了 HFB結(jié)構(gòu)在射頻直采系統(tǒng)中替代多級混頻結(jié)構(gòu)的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of FPGA DSP and other hardware platforms, the processing speed of digital signal is also increasing. The digital processing technology is widely used, and the digitalization of analog signal becomes the key. With the rise and development of software radio technology, how to digitalize the analog part of RF front-end has become the focus of attention. Under the premise of sampling frequency and sampling precision of existing ADC hardware, It is difficult to sample the ultra-wideband signal with analog bandwidth up to GHz into digital signal. In order to meet the requirement of wideband signal processing in soft platform, the RF front-end structure is forced to develop forward. In order to obtain higher input bandwidth, the sampling rate and precision of ADC are very high. By using multi-chip ADC parallel sampling structure, the shortcomings of traditional sampling method with high sampling rate but only less than 12 bit sampling bits can be remedied. It can achieve both high sampling rate and high sampling accuracy. The RF front end structure is closer to the ideal RF direct sampling structure. In this paper, three sampling structures of the RF front end of software radio are compared, and a hybrid filter bank based parallel sampling system is proposed to replace the multistage mixed-frequency superheterodyne system. The complete reconstruction condition and power complementary relation are derived. A two-channel hybrid filter bank is designed and optimized with genetic algorithm. A hybrid filter bank based on hybrid filter bank is simulated for RF direct-sampling verification system. In this paper, the development background of RF front-end sampling structure of software radio platform is analyzed, the principle, advantages and disadvantages of three sampling structures are compared, and the advantages and difficulties of RF direct sampling structure are put forward. This paper briefly introduces the key technologies of digital signal processing including multi-rate sampling and filter bank ADC sampling, and grasps their basic principle. Secondly, the principle of three ADC parallel sampling structures is compared, and the HFB system is studied emphatically. The complete reconstruction condition of signal and the power complementary condition of two-channel analog filter bank are derived, and the optimal expression of transfer function coefficient is derived. Combining the advantages of genetic algorithm, the transfer function coefficients are optimized in the genetic algorithm toolbox, and the analog filter banks with strict power complementary relation are obtained. Secondly, through the derivation of IFFT algorithm, the design optimization algorithm of synthetic filter banks is obtained, and a hybrid filter bank based on genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize the system delay parameters and filter order, which satisfies the power complementary relationship. The error performance of different HFB structures is compared and analyzed. Finally, a radio frequency direct sampling system based on BPSK modulation signal demodulation is designed. The BPSK demodulation error rate curve of BPSK demodulation under different SNR conditions is analyzed by using a two-channel parallel sampling structure with complementary power. The effectiveness of replacing multistage mixing structure with HFB structure in RF direct-mining system is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN92;TN713

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本文編號：1979320