本文選題：鑄錠爐 + 熱場結(jié)構(gòu)　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：太陽能作為一種可再生清潔能源，為解決能源危機、環(huán)境污染等問題做出了巨大貢獻。多晶硅鑄錠爐生產(chǎn)的硅錠作為太陽能電池的主要材料，，硅錠的質(zhì)量直接影響太陽能電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率。 硅料在鑄錠爐內(nèi)通過加熱系統(tǒng)將硅料熔化，硅液在豎直方向的溫度梯度下開始結(jié)晶生長硅錠。硅錠內(nèi)碳、氧等非金屬雜質(zhì)和少子壽命都直接或間接受到爐體內(nèi)溫度分布影響。加熱系統(tǒng)包括加熱體、坩堝、石墨平臺、隔熱屏等，這部分實體結(jié)構(gòu)稱為“熱場”結(jié)構(gòu)。國內(nèi)對多晶硅鑄錠爐熱場的研究相對比較少，本文以某企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的450kg鑄錠爐作為研究對象，進行了以下研究： 利用有限元ANSYS軟件對450kg多晶硅鑄錠爐硅料熔化過程進行數(shù)值分析與試驗研究，通過仿真與試驗對比，驗證仿真模型及參數(shù)的正確性。保持450kg鑄錠爐在爐體不變情況下，增大坩堝尺寸，改變加熱體等其他熱場結(jié)構(gòu)位置，增大有效加熱區(qū)域，將450kg鑄錠爐升級為550kg鑄錠爐。文章對550kg鑄錠爐硅料加熱熔化過程中爐體內(nèi)溫度分布情況進行研究，計算結(jié)果表明，550kg鑄錠爐中硅料可以完全熔化，進行下一階段的結(jié)晶生長，且單位質(zhì)量的硅料熔化時間明顯縮短，有利于提高硅錠的生產(chǎn)效率，減少能量的消耗。 石墨加熱體作為鑄錠爐的加熱部分，為硅錠的生產(chǎn)提供能量。通過公式計算對加熱體的加熱功率進行計算校核，計算結(jié)果表明，加熱體的加熱功率符合多晶硅鑄錠爐的要求。利用ANSYS Workbench軟件對石墨加熱體進行熱-電耦合計算，加熱體的最高溫度及加熱體的溫度均勻性都符合設(shè)備的使用要求。 隔熱籠作為多晶硅鑄錠爐熱場結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分，主要用來支撐、固定隔熱屏及控制隔熱屏的升降運動。隔熱籠受熱變形超過一定程度，會引起直線導(dǎo)軌的扭曲變形，對隔熱籠提升機構(gòu)造成損壞。本文對隔熱籠結(jié)構(gòu)進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計，并利用ANSYS Workbench軟件對隔熱籠結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化前后的三維模型分別進行熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合計算。隔熱籠結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化前后，溫度分布基本相同，但是隔熱籠結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化后，隔熱籠所受到的最大熱變形明顯減小，且變形分布更加均勻，隔熱籠結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化效果明顯，有利于提高隔熱籠的使用壽命。
[Abstract]:As a renewable and clean energy, solar energy has made great contribution to solving the energy crisis and environmental pollution. The silicon ingot produced by polycrystalline silicon ingot furnace is the main material of solar cell. The quality of silicon ingot directly affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell. The silicon material is melted by heating system in the ingot furnace, and the liquid of silicon begins to crystallize and grow under the vertical temperature gradient. The carbon, oxygen and minority carrier lifetime in silicon ingot are directly or indirectly affected by the temperature distribution in the furnace. The heating system includes heating body, crucible, graphite platform, heat shield and so on. This part of solid structure is called "thermal field" structure. The research on the thermal field of polysilicon ingot furnace in China is relatively few. This paper takes the 450kg ingot furnace produced by a certain enterprise as the research object, carries on the following research: The melting process of silicon in 450kg polycrystalline silicon ingot furnace was analyzed and tested by finite element ANSYS software. The correctness of simulation model and parameters was verified by comparison of simulation and test. The 450kg ingot furnace can be upgraded to 550kg ingot furnace by increasing the size of crucible, changing the position of other heat field structures such as heating body and increasing the effective heating area under the condition of keeping the furnace body unchanged. The temperature distribution of silicon in 550kg ingot furnace during heating and melting is studied. The calculated results show that silicon can be melted completely in 550kg ingot furnace, and then crystal growth is carried out in the next stage. The melting time of silicon material per unit mass is shortened obviously, which is beneficial to improve the production efficiency of silicon ingot and reduce the energy consumption. As the heating part of ingot furnace, graphite heater provides energy for the production of silicon ingot. The heating power of the heating body is calculated and checked by the formula calculation. The calculation results show that the heating power of the heating body meets the requirements of polycrystalline silicon ingot furnace. The thermal-electric coupling calculation of graphite heaters using ANSYS Workbench software shows that the maximum temperature of the heaters and the temperature uniformity of the heaters meet the requirements of the equipment. As an important part of the thermal field structure of polysilicon ingot furnace, the heat insulation cage is mainly used to support, fix and control the lift and down movement of the insulation screen. If the thermal deformation of the thermal insulation cage exceeds a certain degree, it will cause the distortion of the linear guide rail and damage the hoisting mechanism of the thermal insulation cage. In this paper, the optimization design of the thermal insulation cage structure is carried out, and the thermo-structural coupling calculation of the three dimensional model before and after the optimization of the thermal cage structure is carried out by using ANSYS Workbench software. Before and after optimization, the temperature distribution is basically the same, but after the optimization, the maximum thermal deformation of the thermal insulation cage is obviously reduced, and the deformation distribution is more uniform, and the optimization effect of the thermal insulation cage structure is obvious. It is beneficial to improve the service life of the insulation cage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN304.12

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