本文選題：選頻向量儀 + 現(xiàn)場可編程門陣列��； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：向量測量技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用于科學(xué)研究和工程應(yīng)用等諸多領(lǐng)域。例如,在鐵路移頻軌道測量中,在通信、現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)及軍事國防領(lǐng)域中,向量測量都起著不可替代的作用。而工程技術(shù)中不僅需要對單一頻率的信號進行幅度、頻率及相位差的測量,通常要在多種混合頻率的信號中選出某特定頻率的信號并對其進行測量。此外,很多情況下需要儀器在野外作業(yè),因此對向量測量儀器的體積、功耗、操作的靈活性等提出了較高要求。而當(dāng)今用于向量測量的儀器很難同時滿足這些需求。本設(shè)計利用差頻變換技術(shù)和開關(guān)乘法原理,設(shè)計了一款精確測量信號的相位差、幅度和頻率的便攜式選頻向量儀,該設(shè)計克服了傳統(tǒng)儀器功能單一的缺點,為系統(tǒng)設(shè)計了點頻、選頻、掃頻及移頻四種工作模式來滿足不同的測量需求。針對野外作業(yè)中對測量結(jié)果動態(tài)監(jiān)測的需求,將該設(shè)計做成便攜式的、操作界面友好又兼具聯(lián)網(wǎng)功能的儀器。人機交互界面使用TFT觸摸屏,同時為該儀器設(shè)計了基于USB模塊和基于WIFI模塊的兩種通訊方式,這樣能將測量結(jié)果實時的傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C,方便了對測量結(jié)果進行動態(tài)監(jiān)測及分析。在進行幅度和相位差測量時,為了提高測量頻帶寬度、降低幅度參數(shù)測量時幅頻特性的影響以及對脈沖控制信號頻率分辨率的要求,本設(shè)計采用兩級差頻變換的方法對測量過程進行了優(yōu)化。根據(jù)被測信號的頻率范圍,通過軟件編程控制模擬開關(guān),使之選擇直接測量、通過一級差頻變換法測量或者通過兩級差頻變換法來測量幅度和相位差。本設(shè)計提出了一種基于FPGA中數(shù)字鎖相環(huán)的脈沖信號源的設(shè)計方案。通過算法分析及Matlab仿真,計算出了產(chǎn)生不同頻段的脈沖信號的頻率分辨率,對信號源的設(shè)計提供了參考。并且該設(shè)計實現(xiàn)了低成本、低功耗。該便攜式選頻向量儀采用Cyclone IV系列芯片EP4CE15F17C8N作為主控制器,通過構(gòu)建Nios II軟核,來對外圍電路進行控制。通過軟件編程,實現(xiàn)了根據(jù)測量需求在四種工作模式之間的靈活切換。人機交互采用Nios II上移植uC/OS II及ucGUI的方式來呈現(xiàn)測量結(jié)果及輸入控制命令。該儀器能達到如下指標(biāo):頻率測量范圍是10Hz~10MHz,頻率的分辨力是0.1 Hz;幅度測量范圍是10mV~100V,準(zhǔn)確度為1%;相位測量范圍是0.0°~359.9°,分辨力為0.1°。
[Abstract]:Vector measurement technology is widely used in many fields, such as scientific research and engineering applications. For example, vector measurement plays an irreplaceable role in railway frequency shift orbit measurement, communication, modern medicine and military defense. In engineering technology, it is not only necessary to measure the amplitude, frequency and phase difference of a single frequency signal, but also to select and measure a certain frequency signal from a variety of mixed frequency signals. In addition, in many cases, instruments are required to operate in the field, so the volume, power consumption and flexibility of the vector measurement instruments are required. The instruments used for vector measurement today are difficult to meet these needs at the same time. In this design, a portable frequency vector meter is designed to accurately measure the phase difference, amplitude and frequency of the signal by using the technology of differential frequency conversion and the principle of switching multiplication. The design overcomes the shortcoming of single function of the traditional instrument and designs the point frequency for the system. Select frequency, sweep frequency and shift frequency four working modes to meet different measurement requirements. In order to meet the requirement of dynamic monitoring of measurement results in field work, the design is made into a portable instrument with friendly operation interface and networking function. The man-machine interface uses TFT touch screen, and two communication modes based on USB module and WIFI module are designed for the instrument, which can transmit the measurement results to the host computer in real time, and facilitate the dynamic monitoring and analysis of the measurement results. When measuring amplitude and phase difference, in order to increase the bandwidth of measurement, reduce the influence of amplitude-frequency characteristic when amplitude parameter is measured, and request the frequency resolution of pulse control signal, This design adopts the method of two-stage difference frequency transform to optimize the measurement process. According to the frequency range of the measured signal, the analog switch is controlled by software programming to make it choose to measure directly, the amplitude and phase difference are measured by the method of one-stage difference frequency transformation or by two-stage difference frequency transform. This paper presents a design scheme of pulse signal source based on digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) in FPGA. Through the algorithm analysis and Matlab simulation, the frequency resolution of the pulse signal with different frequency bands is calculated, which provides a reference for the design of the signal source. And this design realizes low cost and low power consumption. The portable frequency selective vector meter uses Cyclone IV series chip EP4CE15F17C8N as the main controller, and controls the peripheral circuit by constructing the Nios II soft core. Through software programming, the flexible switching between the four working modes is realized according to the measurement requirements. UC/OS II and ucGUI are transplanted on Nios II to display the measurement results and input control commands. The instrument can reach the following targets: the range of frequency measurement is 10 Hz, the resolution of frequency is 0.1 Hz, the range of amplitude measurement is 10 MV / 100 V, the accuracy is 1 and the range of phase measurement is 0.0 擄/ 359.9 擄and the resolution is 0.1 擄.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN791;TM935

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