發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-07 05:20

  本文選題：熱擴(kuò)散率 + 紅外探測(cè)��； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：熱擴(kuò)散率是表征材料熱物理性能的重要參數(shù)之一，對(duì)航天航空飛行器和武裝設(shè)備的關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計(jì)具有重要意義。紅外探測(cè)技術(shù)也越來(lái)越多的應(yīng)用在航天材料熱擴(kuò)散率測(cè)量裝置中，其中紅外信號(hào)的檢測(cè)是熱擴(kuò)散率測(cè)量裝置的重要組成部分，紅外信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)指標(biāo)參數(shù)的好壞也直接影響到熱擴(kuò)散率測(cè)量的精確性。 本文以航天材料熱擴(kuò)散率測(cè)量技術(shù)為研究背景，設(shè)計(jì)了HgCdTe紅外探測(cè)器的微弱信號(hào)檢測(cè)采集系統(tǒng)。由于紅外探測(cè)器輸出的信號(hào)極其微弱，很容易淹沒(méi)在噪聲中，因此在整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)上都突出了微弱信號(hào)檢測(cè)技術(shù)，抑制噪聲，提高整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的信噪比的特點(diǎn)。硬件部分設(shè)計(jì)了信號(hào)調(diào)理電路，將信道板輸出的信號(hào)通過(guò)數(shù)字采集卡DaqBook200中的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換引入PC機(jī)。軟件部分使用VC++語(yǔ)言編寫，并采用軟件濾波的方法對(duì)微弱信號(hào)進(jìn)行濾波，實(shí)現(xiàn)信號(hào)的實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)、采集和顯示，為熱擴(kuò)散率測(cè)量的下一步進(jìn)行提供了支持。 本文重點(diǎn)研究了航天材料熱擴(kuò)散率測(cè)量技術(shù)中的HgCdTe紅外探測(cè)器的微弱信號(hào)檢測(cè)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)及分析，具體內(nèi)容主要包括： 1．通過(guò)相關(guān)資料的分析研究，綜述了課題背景及實(shí)際意義，，并重點(diǎn)研究了激光脈沖法測(cè)量熱擴(kuò)散率的原理； 2．設(shè)計(jì)了微弱信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的整體方案，針對(duì)紅外探測(cè)器的能量轉(zhuǎn)換以及HgCdTe紅外探測(cè)器的選擇等問(wèn)題，并以高共模抑制比，高信噪比，高靈敏度和強(qiáng)抗干擾能力為設(shè)計(jì)原則，對(duì)HgCdTe紅外探測(cè)器的具體檢測(cè)電路進(jìn)行了總體的設(shè)計(jì)，包括電源模塊的濾波處理，高精度高速低噪聲儀表放大器的選用，差分輸入信號(hào)的引入以及整體電路的匹配設(shè)計(jì)。軟件部分采用多線程編程模式，完成了信號(hào)采集顯示的界面設(shè)計(jì)，將數(shù)字采集卡DaqBook200采集的信號(hào)在PC機(jī)上顯示出來(lái)。 3．調(diào)試及校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備，多次測(cè)量調(diào)整試驗(yàn)參數(shù)獲得實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析了影響系統(tǒng)的誤差來(lái)源，對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的準(zhǔn)確性、可靠性做出評(píng)估。
[Abstract]:Thermal diffusivity is one of the important parameters to characterize the thermal physical properties of materials. It is of great significance for the design of key components of aerospace vehicles and armed equipment. Infrared detection technology is also more and more used in aerospace materials thermal diffusivity measurement device, in which infrared signal detection is an important part of thermal diffusivity measurement device. The accuracy of thermal diffusivity measurement is also directly affected by the index parameters of infrared signal detection system. Based on the thermal diffusivity measurement technology of aerospace materials, a weak signal detection and acquisition system for HgCdTe infrared detector is designed in this paper. Because the signal output of the infrared detector is very weak, it is easy to be submerged in the noise, so the weak signal detection technology is highlighted in the design of the whole system, which can suppress the noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the whole system. In the hardware part, the signal conditioning circuit is designed, and the signal output from the channel board is introduced into the PC through the A / D conversion in the digital acquisition card DaqBook200. The software part is written in VC language, and the weak signal is filtered by software filtering method, which realizes the real-time detection, collection and display of the signal, which provides the support for the next step in the measurement of thermal diffusivity. This paper focuses on the design and analysis of the weak signal acquisition system of HgCdTe infrared detector in the thermal diffusivity measurement technology of aerospace materials. The main contents are as follows: 1. Through the analysis and research of related data, the background and practical significance of the subject are summarized, and the principle of measuring thermal diffusivity by laser pulse method is emphatically studied. 2. The whole scheme of weak signal detection system is designed. Aiming at the problems of energy conversion of infrared detector and selection of HgCdTe infrared detector, the design principle is high common-mode rejection ratio, high signal-to-noise ratio, high sensitivity and strong anti-jamming ability. The detection circuit of HgCdTe infrared detector is designed as a whole, including the filter processing of power supply module, the selection of high precision, high speed and low noise instrument amplifier, the introduction of differential input signal and the matching design of the whole circuit. In the software part, the multi-thread programming mode is used to complete the interface design of signal acquisition and display, and the signal collected by DaqBook200 is displayed on PC. 3. The experimental data are obtained by debugging and calibrating the experimental equipment. The error sources affecting the system are analyzed through the experimental results, and the accuracy and reliability of the whole system are evaluated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN215;TP274

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