本文選題：船載航行數(shù)據(jù)記錄儀 + FPGA��； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,世界各地之間的貿(mào)易往來也隨之越來越多,航運事業(yè)快速蓬勃發(fā)展,航運事故時有發(fā)生。在航運事故中,為了能夠更好的對事故進行定性以及分析事故原因,對船舶在航行時的數(shù)據(jù)信息加以記錄變得愈發(fā)重要。船載航行數(shù)據(jù)記錄儀能夠記錄船舶在航行時的各種重要信息,包括日期和時間、船位船速、駕駛室聲音、通信聲音、雷達數(shù)據(jù)、回聲測深儀、主報警等。由于船載航行數(shù)據(jù)記錄儀時常受內(nèi)存大小的限制,如何對各種數(shù)據(jù)信息進行安全、有效的存儲,具有重要的研究價值和實用價值。本文針對船舶航行中的語音信號進行壓縮存儲處理,主要工作分為:本文使用DIGILENT公司生產(chǎn)的NEXYS4作為主開發(fā)板,板上集成了 Xilinx公司的Artix-7TM系列的XC7A100T-1CSG324C芯片,并選用MAX9812作為語音信號采集放大模塊,MAX9860作為模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換模塊,CH372作為USB傳輸模塊,實現(xiàn)了雙路語音信號的采集、模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換、壓縮編碼,傳輸存儲以及回放的功能。本文對目前常見的一些船載航行數(shù)據(jù)記錄儀進行研究,主要分析了它們的系統(tǒng)架構(gòu),以及所使用的語音壓縮編碼算法,以及其優(yōu)勢和劣勢所在。根據(jù)國際電工技術(shù)委員會(International Eletro-technical Commission,IEC)61996 文件《船載航行數(shù)據(jù)記錄儀性能要求、校驗方式及合格的檢驗結(jié)果》的要求,最終確定了本文的總體設(shè)計。本文利用FPGA芯片并行的對語音信號進行壓縮編碼,多路數(shù)據(jù)分別緩存,通過USB 口進行傳輸存儲。語音信號的采集通過MAX9812來完成,模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換通過MAX9860來完成,將模擬信號通過44.1khz的采樣頻率轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?6位的PCM信號,通過I2S總線傳輸。信號的壓縮編碼采取MPEG 1 layer Ⅱ編碼算法,生成比特率為128kbs的MP2標(biāo)準(zhǔn)碼流進行傳輸。數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸由CH372模塊實現(xiàn),該模塊集成了 USB通信協(xié)議,通過FPGA模擬其時序,使用其內(nèi)置固件模式進行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。多路數(shù)據(jù)分別打包緩存,在上位機進行區(qū)分存儲。實驗結(jié)果表明,本文實現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)各項功能,并能夠?qū)崟r、穩(wěn)定的工作。
[Abstract]:With the development of the world economy, the trade between different parts of the world is more and more, the shipping industry develops rapidly, shipping accidents occur frequently. In shipping accidents, it is more and more important to record the ship's data while sailing in order to be able to better analyze the accident and analyze the cause of the accident. The ship navigation data recorder can record all kinds of important information, including date and time, ship position speed, cab sound, communication sound, radar data, echo sounding instrument, main alarm and so on. Because the ship navigation data recorder is often limited by the size of memory, how to store all kinds of data safely and effectively has important research value and practical value. The main work of this paper is to compress and store the voice signal during ship navigation. The main work is as follows: the NEXYS4 produced by DIGILENT company is used as the main development board, and the XC7A100T-1CSG324C chip of Artix-7TM series of Xilinx company is integrated on the board. MAX9812 is chosen as the speech signal acquisition and amplification module (MAX9860) as the analog-to-digital conversion module and CH372 as the USB transmission module. The functions of acquisition, analog-to-digital conversion, compression coding, transmission storage and playback of the dual speech signal are realized. In this paper, some common shipborne navigation data recorders are studied, and their system architecture, speech compression coding algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. According to the requirements of the International Eletro-technical Commission / IEC61996 document "performance requirements, checking methods and qualified inspection results" of the shipborne navigational data recorder, the overall design of this paper is finally determined. In this paper, FPGA chip is used to compress and encode the speech signal in parallel, and the multi-channel data is cached separately, and transmitted and stored through the USB port. The acquisition of speech signal is accomplished by MAX9812, the analog-to-digital conversion is accomplished by MAX9860, and the analog signal is transferred from the sampling frequency of 44.1khz to the 16-bit PCM signal, which is transmitted by I2S bus. MPEG 1 layer 鈪，

本文編號：1840391