本文選題：激光三角法 + 雙光路��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：激光三角測(cè)距法作為一種較新型的非接觸式的位移測(cè)量技術(shù),目前常被應(yīng)用于各領(lǐng)域工業(yè)自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)中。本文針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的激光三角位移測(cè)量方法在測(cè)量不均勻表面時(shí)的成像光斑畸變問題,提出了雙光路對(duì)稱補(bǔ)償?shù)募す馊欠ㄎ灰茰y(cè)量方法,該方法可有效補(bǔ)償單光路成像的不足,提高系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力和測(cè)量精度。最終研制出實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī),標(biāo)定和比對(duì)試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)在±3mm的量程中,采樣頻率為88KHz,線性度為±0.13%F.S.,重復(fù)精度為1μm,相關(guān)參數(shù)達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。論文的主要工作內(nèi)容如下:1、闡述激光三角測(cè)量方法的基本背景,分析相關(guān)技術(shù)的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,闡述激光三角位移測(cè)量方法的基本工作原理及激光光斑中心亞像素定位方法。本文利用灰度質(zhì)心法來確定光斑中心位置,該方法精度較高,計(jì)算復(fù)雜度較低,易于硬件語言編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。2、提出雙光路對(duì)稱成像的光路結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)直聚焦鏡頭和成像鏡頭,完成系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)。系統(tǒng)采用雙遠(yuǎn)心境頭作為激光光斑的成像鏡頭,其對(duì)微小的物距和像距變化均不敏感,能較好地消除被測(cè)物體成像的畸變,使得被測(cè)物體的位置發(fā)生改變時(shí),圖像傳感器感光面上接收到的光斑圖像的成像大小和形狀保持穩(wěn)定。3、設(shè)計(jì)基于ARM微控制器的激光二極管驅(qū)動(dòng)控制電路,應(yīng)用PID控制方法實(shí)現(xiàn)激光功率針對(duì)不同發(fā)射率表面的自適應(yīng)控制;設(shè)計(jì)基于FPGA的高速數(shù)據(jù)采集電路,實(shí)現(xiàn)圖像傳感器上光斑圖像的亮度與位置信息的獲取與處理;使用MATLAB實(shí)現(xiàn)與測(cè)量設(shè)備的通信與數(shù)據(jù)分析處理。4、通過標(biāo)定實(shí)驗(yàn),確定系統(tǒng)的測(cè)量性能參數(shù),并與KEYENCE的LK-G30傳感器進(jìn)行比對(duì)測(cè)試。
[Abstract]:As a new non-contact displacement measurement technique, laser triangulation is widely used in various fields of industrial automation.In this paper, aiming at the problem of spot distortion in the traditional laser triangulation displacement measurement method for measuring uneven surfaces, a laser triangulation displacement measurement method with symmetrical compensation of double optical paths is proposed, which can effectively compensate for the shortcomings of single optical path imaging.Improve the anti-interference ability and measurement accuracy of the system.The results of calibration and comparison tests show that the system has a sampling frequency of 88kHz, a linearity of 鹵0.13F.S. and a repetition accuracy of 1 渭 m in the range of 鹵3mm. The related parameters reach the design goal.The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The basic background of laser triangulation measurement method, the research status of related technology at home and abroad, the basic working principle of laser triangulation displacement measurement method and the sub-pixel location method of laser spot center are expounded.In this paper, the center of light spot is determined by gray centroid method. This method has the advantages of high precision, low computational complexity and easy to be realized by hardware programming. The optical path structure of symmetrical imaging with double optical paths is proposed, and the collimation focusing lens and imaging lens are designed.Complete the mechanical design of the system.The system uses double remote motif head as the imaging lens of laser spot, which is insensitive to the small object distance and the change of image distance, which can eliminate the distortion of the image of the object under test and make the position of the object under test change.The image size and shape of the spot image received on the photosensitive surface of the image sensor remain stable. 3. The laser diode drive control circuit based on ARM microcontroller is designed.The PID control method is applied to realize the adaptive control of laser power for different emissivity surfaces, and the high-speed data acquisition circuit based on FPGA is designed to obtain and process the luminance and position information of the spot image on the image sensor.MATLAB is used to realize the communication and data analysis with the measuring equipment. Through the calibration experiment, the measurement performance parameters of the system are determined and compared with the LK-G30 sensor of KEYENCE.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH744.5

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