本文選題：X波段　切入點(diǎn)：多注速調(diào)管　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文對工作在TM310模式下的X波段同軸多注速調(diào)管進(jìn)行了理論分析與粒子模擬。結(jié)合CST軟件,對同軸諧振腔的特征進(jìn)行仿真和理論研究,并測試?yán)淝粎?shù)。對X波段多注速調(diào)管的理論研究,包括速調(diào)管基本原理、小信號理論、大信號理論、諧振腔理論、收集極結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計等。其中著重分析了空間電荷波理論、場波互作用、以及電子原盤理論等。依據(jù)理論計算出諧振腔結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、電參數(shù)等,并分析其對注波互作用和輸出功率、頻譜的影響。此外,還研究了收集極虛陰極現(xiàn)象的起因,提出有效解決方法,成功抑制住了電子回流現(xiàn)象。在理論上,結(jié)合CST軟件對X波段速調(diào)管互作用段的工作特性進(jìn)行研究。其中對TM310模的研究,分為三部分:一是計算諧振腔特征參數(shù),例如工作頻率、特征阻抗、品質(zhì)因數(shù)等,并通過CST軟件分析其與同軸諧振腔結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、漂移管結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系;二是分析速調(diào)管電參數(shù),根據(jù)電壓、電流密度和輸入的高頻信號等計算輸出的功率、頻率。調(diào)節(jié)輸入、輸出腔以及耦合孔結(jié)構(gòu),使之對應(yīng)合適的工作參數(shù);三是分析TM310模式下,X波段速調(diào)管諧振腔的場分布,同時計算間隙電場、耦合系數(shù)等。在仿真上,采用我國自獨(dú)立研發(fā)的三維粒子模擬軟件——CHIPIC,對整管進(jìn)行仿真。研究速調(diào)管結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、電參數(shù)等與輸出頻率、功率和增益的關(guān)系。通過增大耦合孔半徑將輸出功率從33.6KW提高到39KW,通過增加損耗材料,抑制腔體自激振蕩,將Q值從3000多降低至20以內(nèi),并拓展了速調(diào)管帶寬。陰極發(fā)射6注束電流,電壓21.5KV,總電流14.5A,電流密度358KA/m2。輸入頻率為9.75GHz、功率2.5W左右的高頻信號,測得輸出頻率9.75GHz,輸出功率約為100KW,濾波后輸出功率為45KW,效率約為14%,增益約為42.6dB,帶寬為200MHz。此外,本文根據(jù)CST軟件的冷槍測試結(jié)果,研究了TM310模式,并引入短路桿解決了該模式的極化問題。對輸入、輸出腔場分布出現(xiàn)畸變的情況,本文引入調(diào)諧桿,不但使場分布重新恢復(fù)均勻,還增大了輸出功率。通過CHIPIC軟件里的動量、粒子瞬時相位圖實時觀測電子回流過程,分析并解決此現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the theoretical analysis and particle simulation of X-band coaxial multi-beam klystron working in TM310 mode are carried out. The characteristics of coaxial resonator are simulated and theoretically studied with CST software. The theory of X-band multi-beam klystron is studied, including the basic principle of klystron, small signal theory, large signal theory, resonator theory, collector structure design and so on. The structure parameters and electrical parameters of the resonator are calculated according to the theory, and the effects on the beam-wave interaction, output power and frequency spectrum are analyzed. In addition, the causes of the phenomenon of collecting the extremely virtual cathode are also studied. An effective solution is proposed to successfully suppress the phenomenon of electron reflux. In theory, the working characteristics of X-band klystron interaction are studied with CST software. Among them, the TM310 mode is studied. It is divided into three parts: one is to calculate the characteristic parameters of resonator, such as working frequency, characteristic impedance, quality factor, etc., and to analyze the relationship between the parameters of coaxial resonator and drift tube by CST software. The second is to analyze the electrical parameters of the klystron, calculate the output power and frequency according to the voltage, current density and the input high frequency signal, adjust the input, output cavity and the structure of the coupling hole, make it correspond to the appropriate working parameters; Thirdly, the field distribution of X band klystron resonator in TM310 mode is analyzed, and the gap electric field and coupling coefficient are calculated. The simulation of the whole tube is carried out by using the 3D particle simulation software-CHIPIC. the structural parameters, electrical parameters and output frequency of klystron are studied. The relation between power and gain. By increasing the radius of coupling hole, the output power is increased from 33.6KW to 39kW. By increasing the loss material, the self-excited oscillation of the cavity is restrained, and the Q value is reduced from more than 3000 to less than 20. And the bandwidth of klystron is expanded. The cathode emits 6 beam current, voltage 21.5KV, total current 14.5A, current density 358kA / m2. The input frequency is 9.75GHz and the power is about 2.5W. The output frequency is 9.75 GHz, the output power is about 100 kW, the output power after filtering is 45 KW, the efficiency is about 14, the gain is about 42.6 dB, and the bandwidth is 200 MHz. In addition, according to the results of the cold gun test of CST software, the TM310 mode is studied. The short circuit rod is introduced to solve the polarization problem of the mode. For the distortion of the field distribution in the input and output cavity, the tuning rod is introduced in this paper, which not only restores the field distribution evenly, but also increases the output power. The particle instantaneous phase map is used to observe the electron reflux process in real time, and this phenomenon is analyzed and solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN122

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本文編號：1681180