本文選題：數(shù)字全息　切入點：記錄光路　出處：《西安工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：數(shù)字全息是現(xiàn)代光學(xué)檢測技術(shù)的重要手段之一,它用CCD代替了傳統(tǒng)全息的記錄干板,實現(xiàn)了全息記錄的數(shù)字化,再輔助以計算機通過一定的算法便可以再現(xiàn)所記錄的物體。按照記錄光路的不同系統(tǒng)一般有兩種形式,分別是同軸數(shù)字全息和離軸數(shù)字全息。同軸全息需要采集多幅全息圖或者借助于相移器件來使物體的再現(xiàn)像與共軛像分離,而離軸全息只需要調(diào)整光路結(jié)構(gòu)就可以使他們分開,具有更廣泛的研究和應(yīng)用價值。同時數(shù)字全息是一種實時無損的檢測方法,而且可以三維再現(xiàn)物體的形貌,因此,展開對數(shù)字全息檢測技術(shù)的研究十分必要。本文主要對其檢測的方法進行研究,并使之達到較高的精度。主要內(nèi)容有：首先,對數(shù)字全息檢測的基本理論進行了分析,針對目前數(shù)字全息普遍存在的再現(xiàn)像的精度差、相位信息的準(zhǔn)確獲取困難、零級像和共軛像干擾等的問題,本文確定了以無預(yù)放大離軸數(shù)字全息系統(tǒng)為基礎(chǔ)進行檢測的研究。通過理論分析,確定了記錄光路影響再現(xiàn)結(jié)果的關(guān)鍵因素,對記錄距離和物參夾角進行了理論上的分析,并且通過MATLAB模擬數(shù)字全息的記錄和再現(xiàn)的過程,通過調(diào)整記錄和再現(xiàn)的實驗參數(shù),驗證了這些因素對全息再現(xiàn)結(jié)果的影響；其次,通過理論上的計算和分析,選擇器件搭建了實驗平臺,通過調(diào)試實驗的記錄系統(tǒng),采集到了高質(zhì)量的全息圖。最后,對再現(xiàn)算法進行了理論分析,并且通過計算機編寫MATLAB程序,對采集到的全息圖通過頻譜濾波的方法進行了預(yù)處理,消除了零級像和共軛像的頻譜,再通過角譜法的編寫,完成了對物體的高精度三維重建。對提取的相位圖進行了解包裹和畸變消除,從而得到了真實的相位信息,并且獲得了物體的表面形貌；通過對同一樣品的對比檢測,驗證了該系統(tǒng)和算法的準(zhǔn)確性；通過對不同的樣品進行檢測,證明其具有普遍的適用性。
[Abstract]:Digital holography is one of the important means of modern optical inspection technology. It uses CCD instead of the traditional holographic recording board, and realizes the digitization of holographic recording. Then the computer can reproduce the recorded object through a certain algorithm. According to the different systems of recording the optical path, there are generally two forms. They are coaxial digital holography and off-axis digital holography. Coaxial holography requires collecting multiple holograms or isolating objects from conjugate images by means of phase-shifting devices, while off-axis holography can separate them by simply adjusting the structure of the optical path. At the same time, digital holography is a real time nondestructive detection method, and it can reproduce the appearance of objects in three dimensions. It is necessary to carry out the research on digital holographic detection technology. This paper mainly studies the methods of digital holographic detection and makes it achieve higher accuracy. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the basic theory of digital holographic detection is analyzed. In view of the problems such as poor precision of reconstructed image, difficulty in obtaining phase information, interference of zero-order image and conjugate image, etc. In this paper, the research on the detection of off-axis digital holographic system without preamplifier is determined. Through theoretical analysis, the key factors influencing the reappearance result of recording optical path are determined, and the recording distance and the angle of object parameter are analyzed theoretically. And through the MATLAB analog digital holography recording and reproducing process, by adjusting the experimental parameters of recording and reproducing, the effects of these factors on the holographic reconstruction results are verified. Secondly, through theoretical calculation and analysis, The high quality hologram is collected by debugging the recording system of the experiment. Finally, the reconstruction algorithm is analyzed theoretically, and the MATLAB program is written by computer. The collected holograms are preprocessed by the method of spectrum filtering to eliminate the spectrum of zero-order images and conjugate images, and then the angular spectrum method is used to compile them. The high precision 3D reconstruction of the object is completed. The extracted phase image is understood and the distortion is eliminated, the real phase information is obtained, and the surface morphology of the object is obtained. The accuracy of the system and the algorithm is verified, and the universal applicability of the system is proved by the detection of different samples.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN26

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本文編號：1678846