本文選題：高速數(shù)字設(shè)計(jì)　切入點(diǎn)：遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著半導(dǎo)體技術(shù)的發(fā)展,無(wú)論是軍用航空航天設(shè)備還是民用消費(fèi)電子設(shè)備,系統(tǒng)的集成度正變得越來(lái)越高,處理器的頻率也越來(lái)越高,與此同時(shí),系統(tǒng)供電電壓和系統(tǒng)功耗卻越來(lái)越低。因此,高速數(shù)字電路系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程中會(huì)不可避免地碰到各種信號(hào)完整性問(wèn)題和電源完整性問(wèn)題。本文以空間相機(jī)視頻檢測(cè)設(shè)備這一工程實(shí)例為研究背景,以經(jīng)典信號(hào)完整性、電源完整性理論為基礎(chǔ),完成了以下幾項(xiàng)工作：解決了多通道高速空間相機(jī)圖像數(shù)據(jù)有效傳輸距離短、誤碼率高的問(wèn)題,提出并實(shí)現(xiàn)了在接收端的有源均衡方案。該方案首先分析了圖像數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)的非直流平衡特性,再基于長(zhǎng)距離傳輸線纜的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù),建立了該線纜的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并根據(jù)該模型反映出的衰減特性設(shè)計(jì)了接收均衡電路,該電路利用差分高速運(yùn)算放大器的高增益和相位超前網(wǎng)絡(luò)的頻率選擇特性補(bǔ)償了遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸通道對(duì)信號(hào)的衰減。仿真結(jié)果表明均衡后的信道支持250Mbps的高速并行傳輸,眼圖測(cè)量結(jié)果進(jìn)一步表明了該均衡方案能夠顯著減小抖動(dòng)和符號(hào)間干擾,使得均衡后的信號(hào)有清晰的上升和下降邊沿。最后,通過(guò)幀計(jì)數(shù)、校驗(yàn)、Signal Tap邏輯分析儀、發(fā)送灰度條和實(shí)際圖片的方式再次驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)在80米距離和250Mbps速率下的無(wú)誤碼傳輸。為了驗(yàn)證及評(píng)估空間相機(jī)檢測(cè)設(shè)備的高速串行信號(hào)傳輸?shù)目煽啃?提出了對(duì)設(shè)備的高速信號(hào)鏈路進(jìn)行建模及協(xié)同仿真的方法。該方法首先建立了高速串行信號(hào)鏈路的混合模型,包括高速收發(fā)器SPICE模型、收發(fā)器晶片到封裝焊球之間鍵合線的RLGC模型、SIwave提取的PCB布線的S參數(shù)模型、SATA連接器及其線纜的S參數(shù)模型。然后基于ADS仿真平臺(tái),通過(guò)頻域的S參數(shù)仿真和時(shí)域的眼圖仿真,分析了整個(gè)信號(hào)鏈路以及各互聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)高速信號(hào)傳輸?shù)挠绊�。頻域、時(shí)域仿真結(jié)果都表明該傳輸鏈路支持3.125Gbps的Rapid 10最高傳輸速率,系統(tǒng)實(shí)際測(cè)試的誤碼率低于10E-14。針對(duì)過(guò)孔轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)信號(hào)傳輸?shù)牟涣加绊?以及對(duì)電源地平面之間的噪聲耦合,本文在統(tǒng)一的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上對(duì)各種過(guò)孔轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行建模、仿真、分析和改進(jìn),最終提出了一種新型的結(jié)合電磁帶隙結(jié)構(gòu)和電容退耦陣列的過(guò)孔轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)構(gòu)。頻域S參數(shù)測(cè)量結(jié)果表明該結(jié)構(gòu)在不增加印制電路板疊層層數(shù)的情況下,過(guò)孔信號(hào)傳輸具有0-8.8GHz的超寬帶寬,帶寬范圍內(nèi)的插入損耗波動(dòng)小于0.4dB,而且信號(hào)與電源地平面之間的噪聲耦合最壞情況下不超過(guò)-20dB。時(shí)域信號(hào)波形和噪聲波形的測(cè)量結(jié)果同樣也表明該結(jié)構(gòu)在信號(hào)完整性和電源完整性方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)。最后,眼圖仿真及其相關(guān)參數(shù)的對(duì)比再次驗(yàn)證了該結(jié)構(gòu)具有優(yōu)良的信號(hào)傳輸特性和電源噪聲抑制特性。研究了平面型電磁帶隙(EBG)結(jié)構(gòu)的尺寸參數(shù)與其電磁特性之間的解析計(jì)算關(guān)系,介紹了一種EBG綜合設(shè)計(jì)流程。并根據(jù)該設(shè)計(jì)流程、利用高性能的布谷鳥(niǎo)搜索算法實(shí)現(xiàn)了EBG結(jié)構(gòu)的自動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)及其參數(shù)的快速優(yōu)化。根據(jù)優(yōu)化結(jié)果電磁仿真結(jié)果的對(duì)比與分析,指出了EBG解析計(jì)算結(jié)果偏差較大的根本原因,且提出了一種改進(jìn)的EBG解析計(jì)算方法。該方法首先建立EBG結(jié)構(gòu)的RLC等效電路模型,并通過(guò)該模型的SPICE仿真結(jié)果初步驗(yàn)證了電路模型的合理性和有效性；然后基于Matlab平臺(tái)求解該模型的阻抗矩陣得到原EBG結(jié)構(gòu)的S參數(shù),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)EBG結(jié)構(gòu)帶隙頻率下限的解析計(jì)算。最后,通過(guò)與HFSS全波電磁仿真結(jié)果的對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了本文提出的解析方法具有很高的精度,能夠使EBG結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化結(jié)果更為準(zhǔn)確可靠。本文提出的高速信號(hào)遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸方案和高速串行鏈路建模仿真方法、超寬帶過(guò)孔轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)構(gòu)以及電磁帶隙結(jié)構(gòu)的智能優(yōu)化算法都經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,成功運(yùn)用在了空間相機(jī)視頻檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)中。而且,本文提出的各種方案和方法也同樣適用于其他各種高速數(shù)字電路系統(tǒng),具有很好的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the development of semiconductor technology, whether military or civilian aerospace equipment, consumer electronics equipment, system integration is becoming more and more high, the frequency of the processor is more and more high, at the same time, the system power supply voltage and power consumption of the system is more and more low. Therefore, the process of design and implementation of high speed digital circuit system will inevitably to meet the problems of signal integrity and power integrity problems. This paper takes the video space camera detection equipment of this project as research background, based on classical signal integrity, power integrity theory as the foundation, complete the following tasks: to solve the multi channel data in high speed image space camera effective transmission distance is short, high the problem of error rate, is proposed and implemented in the active equalization scheme for the receiver. In this scheme, the analysis of non DC balance characteristics of the image data signal, and based on long Distance measurement data transmission cable, establishes the mathematical model of the cable, and according to this model reflects the attenuation characteristics of the design of receiving the equalization circuit, the circuit using high differential gain and phase high speed operational amplifier lead network frequency characteristics compensation far distance transmission channel of signal attenuation. The simulation results show that the high speed parallel transmission channel equalization after the support of 250Mbps, the eye measurement results show that this scheme can significantly reduce the jitter and intersymbol interference, the equalized signal has a clear rising and falling edge. Finally, through the frame count, check, Signal Tap logic analyzer, send the gray bar and the actual pictures way again to verify the error free transmission system at a distance of 80 meters and 250Mbps rate under high-speed serial signal transmission. In order to validate and evaluate the detection device of space camera The reliability of proposed high-speed signal link of the equipment modeling and collaborative simulation method. This method firstly established a mixed model of high-speed serial signal link, including high speed transceiver SPICE model, RLGC model to wafer packaging solder ball bonding wire transceiver, S parameter model SIwave extraction PCB layout, S model SATA connector and cable. Then based on the ADS simulation platform, through the eye simulation of S parameter simulation and time domain frequency domain, analyzed the influence of the signal and the link interconnection structure on high speed signal transmission. In frequency domain, time domain simulation results show that the transmission link support 3.125Gbps Rapid 10 maximum transmission rate and BER testing the adverse effects rate is lower than the 10E-14. hole transfer structure for signal transmission, and the noise coupling between the power plane, based on the uniform experiment On the platform of various via transition design modeling, simulation, analysis and improvement, finally put forward a new combination of electromagnetic conversion structure via bandgap structure and decoupling capacitor array. The measurement results show that the frequency domain parameters of S structure without increasing the printed circuit board layers under the condition of a hole signal transmission with 0-8.8GHz ultra wideband wide bandwidth range of the insertion loss fluctuation is less than 0.4dB, the measurement results and the worst noise coupling between the signal and the power plane of not more than -20dB. and noise signal waveform in time domain waveform same also shows the advantage of this structure in the signal integrity and power integrity. At last contrast, the eye diagram and the related parameters verifies the structure with signal transmission characteristics and excellent power supply noise suppression characteristics. Study of the planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure size The relationship between the parameters and the calculation analysis of electromagnetic characteristics, this paper proposes a EBG integrated design process. According to the design process, fast optimization using the high performance cuckoo realizes automatic design and parameter EBG structure search algorithm. Comparison and analysis according to the optimization results of electromagnetic simulation results, the calculation results pointed out that the fundamental reason of deviation the larger EBG analysis, and proposed the calculation of an improved EBG analytical method. The method firstly builds a RLC equivalent circuit model of EBG structure, and through the SPICE simulation of the model results show that the circuit model is reasonable and effective; then the S parameters of the original EBG structure of the impedance matrix Matlab platform to solve the model based on the analysis of the EBG structure to realize the gap frequency limit is calculated. Finally, through the comparison with HFSS full wave electromagnetic simulation results, the proposed solution Analysis method has a high precision, can make the design and optimization of the structure of EBG is more accurate and reliable. The high speed signal long-distance transmission scheme proposed in this paper and a high-speed serial link modeling and simulation method of ultra wideband via transition structure and electromagnetic band gap structure intelligent optimization algorithm are verified by experiments, successfully used in the video space camera detection system. Moreover, various schemes and methods proposed in this paper is also applicable to other kinds of high speed digital circuit system, and has good application value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN79

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