本文關(guān)鍵詞： 雙金屬金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu) 金銀合金 激光加工 圖案化 微流控芯片　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：復(fù)合金屬納米材料有很優(yōu)異的光學(xué)、電學(xué)性能，基于復(fù)合金屬納米材料的研究對于物理、化學(xué)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用具有極其重要的研究意義。相對于單金屬，雙金屬納米材料的SERS效應(yīng)、催化性能以及表面等離子體共振等性能都有優(yōu)異的表現(xiàn)，雙金屬金銀納米材料近年來也受到了人們越來越多的的關(guān)注。單金屬的銀納米材料很不穩(wěn)定，使其在諸多領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用都有局限性。單金屬的金雖然穩(wěn)定，但其在生物、增強拉曼散射等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用沒有銀的效果好。所以金銀復(fù)合納米材料的研究是很有意義的。 溶液中加入像硼氫化鈉類的還原劑，會使溶液由于有殘留過多的BH4-離子而導(dǎo)致硼化物污染而影響雙金屬金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu)在諸多領(lǐng)域的使用。并且，這對于納米粒子的后續(xù)清洗也是很大的難題�；谝陨蠋c，激光輻照由于其不需要添加額外的還原劑而成為一種可替代的方法。相對于傳統(tǒng)的利用γ-ray和X-ray輻照，前者有輻射，后者可行性差，飛秒激光由于其簡單安全以及綠色環(huán)保的特性成為了一種理想的光還原方法。金屬離子的還原是通過在激光輻照下有機溶劑的原位電離和激發(fā)所產(chǎn)生的豐富的高能電子和氫自由基實現(xiàn)的。 通過Visual Basic程序控制飛秒激光的光點，可實現(xiàn)可設(shè)計性的任意圖形的微納結(jié)構(gòu)的組裝。由于雙金屬金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu)中金銀比例的不同會影響其在物理化學(xué)方面的性質(zhì)，研究了不同配比的離子前驅(qū)體溶液對雙金屬微納結(jié)構(gòu)中金銀比值的影響。通過調(diào)節(jié)離子前驅(qū)體溶液的配比，達到控制沉積在襯底上的微納結(jié)構(gòu)中金與銀比例的目的。該雙金屬微納結(jié)構(gòu)保留了金屬材料的性質(zhì)，比較穩(wěn)定，置于空氣中不易變質(zhì)，且具有很好的連續(xù)性和完整性。 近幾年由于微納器件的快速發(fā)展，系統(tǒng)要求的金屬微納結(jié)構(gòu)并不是孤立存在的，雙金屬材料和功能化器件的柔性集成成為了焦點。本研究中利用飛秒激光加工的優(yōu)勢，在激光光動力作用下溶液中發(fā)生光還原反應(yīng)，金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu)以納米團簇或粒子的形式在微流控通道內(nèi)沉降于襯底上形成預(yù)設(shè)的雙金屬金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu)。實驗研究了金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu)在雙金屬合金催化、微流控芯片、自驅(qū)動微機械等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，并對其可行性進行了初步的分析。將這種雙金屬金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu)用于催化，能在短時間內(nèi)快速產(chǎn)生大量的氣泡，奠定了其在自驅(qū)動微機械等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)。 基于相轉(zhuǎn)移方法制備的前驅(qū)體溶液不止局限于金和銀離子，多種金屬離子都可以得到應(yīng)用于飛秒激光加工中的有機相的金屬離子前驅(qū)體溶液，，例如鐵（Fe）鉑（Pt）等等。因此這種用飛秒激光光動力還原制備金銀微納結(jié)構(gòu)的方法可擴展適用至多種雙金屬納米復(fù)合材料的制備。
[Abstract]:Composite metal nanomaterials have excellent optical and electrical properties. The research based on composite metal nanomaterials is of great significance for the application of physical and chemical fields. The SERS effect, catalytic performance and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of bimetallic nanomaterials are excellent. Bimetallic gold and silver nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention in recent years. Single metal silver nanomaterials are unstable, which makes their applications in many fields limited. But its application in biology, enhanced Raman scattering and other fields is not as good as silver, so the study of gold and silver composite nanomaterials is of great significance. The addition of reducing agents such as sodium borohydride in the solution will result in the contamination of boride due to the excessive residual BH4- ions, which will affect the use of bimetallic gold and silver microstructures in many fields. This is also a big problem for the subsequent cleaning of nanoparticles. Laser irradiation has become an alternative method because it does not need additional reducing agent. Compared with conventional 緯 -ray and X-ray irradiation, the former has radiation, the latter is not feasible. Femtosecond laser is an ideal method for photoreduction because of its simple safety and environmental protection. The reduction of metal ions is caused by in situ ionization and excitation of organic solvents under laser irradiation. Energy electrons and hydrogen radicals. The spot of femtosecond laser is controlled by Visual Basic program. It is possible to achieve the design of arbitrary graphics of micro-nano structure assembly. Due to the difference in the proportion of gold and silver in bimetal gold and silver microstructures will affect its physical and chemical properties. The effect of ionic precursor solution with different ratios on the ratio of gold and silver in bimetallic microstructures was studied. This bimetallic structure retains the properties of the metal material and is stable, and is not easy to deteriorate in the air for controlling the ratio of gold to silver in the micro-nano structure deposited on the substrate. And has very good continuity and integrity. Due to the rapid development of micro / nano devices in recent years, the metal micro / nano structures required by the system do not exist in isolation. The flexible integration of bimetallic materials and functional devices has become the focus. In this study, the advantage of femtosecond laser processing, photoreduction reaction occurred in solution under laser photodynamic action. The as-designed bimetallic gold-silver microstructures were formed on the substrate in the form of nanoclusters or particles. The catalysis of gold and silver microstructures on bimetallic alloys was investigated experimentally. The applications of microfluidic chips and self-driving micromachineries are analyzed preliminarily. The bimetallic gold and silver microstructures can produce a large number of bubbles in a short time. It has laid the foundation of its application in the field of self-driven micro-machinery. The precursor solution based on phase transfer method is not only limited to gold and silver ions, many metal ions can be used in femtosecond laser processing of organic phase metal ion precursor solution. Therefore, this method of photoreduction of gold and silver microstructures by femtosecond laser can be extended to the preparation of many kinds of bimetallic nanocomposites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1;TN249

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