本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大功率聲波定向揚(yáng)聲器 壓縮驅(qū)動頭 相位塞 號筒 指向性　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭的出現(xiàn),彌補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)電聲換能器效率低且指向性差的缺點。隨著相位塞和號筒理論的不斷完善,基于號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭的大功率聲波定向揚(yáng)聲器,已成為現(xiàn)代定向聲波武器的主要發(fā)展趨勢。大功率聲波定向揚(yáng)聲器采用高聲壓級與高效率的號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭單元,利用換能器陣列原理,輻射出高指向性的聲波,以實現(xiàn)對指定物體進(jìn)行控制與攻擊的目的。然而,相位塞與號筒對壓縮驅(qū)動頭轉(zhuǎn)換效率、聲場分布、波束寬度及聲壓級等特性的影響,國內(nèi)還未有相關(guān)論文對其進(jìn)行完善的理論分析。本文主要對號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭相位塞與號筒的結(jié)構(gòu)特性進(jìn)行理論研究與優(yōu)化設(shè)計。首先闡述了號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭的基本原理與相位塞的結(jié)構(gòu)特性,建立了號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭的集總參數(shù)模型,并通過歸一化后的模型參數(shù),進(jìn)行最大效率點分析,研究主要參數(shù)對其性能的影響。同時,根據(jù)大功率聲波定向揚(yáng)聲器的技術(shù)指標(biāo),提出了號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭的設(shè)計要求和相應(yīng)的設(shè)計參數(shù)。然后,分析了號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭有無相位塞時,輸出聲學(xué)特性的差異與存在的原因,重點介紹了帶有相位塞的壓縮驅(qū)動頭在性能上的改進(jìn)。同時,基于Smith理論,利用模態(tài)抑制法在柱坐標(biāo)系下構(gòu)造出的Bessel方程組對3分環(huán)形通道相位塞進(jìn)行設(shè)計(主要對相位塞環(huán)形通道的位置和入口面積進(jìn)行設(shè)計),并通過數(shù)值仿真分析,驗證了所設(shè)計的相位塞能夠有效地抑制壓縮腔內(nèi)的聲學(xué)共振。最后,在模態(tài)分解理論的基礎(chǔ)上,利用BEM法對60??40?號筒在模態(tài)激勵下的遠(yuǎn)場輻射特性、阻抗特性和喉口處的聲場分布特性進(jìn)行了仿真與分析,指出號筒在遠(yuǎn)場指向性上的缺陷。并利用最小二乘法對號筒進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,實現(xiàn)了恒波束寬度號筒的設(shè)計。同時,對設(shè)計完成的號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭進(jìn)行了指向性仿真和實驗測試,驗證了號筒負(fù)載壓縮驅(qū)動頭的設(shè)計,能夠滿足大功率聲波定向揚(yáng)聲器的性能要求。
[Abstract]:The emergence of the cylinder load compression drive makes up for the low efficiency and poor directivity of the traditional electro-acoustic transducer. With the development of the phase plug and the theory of the horn. A high power sonic directional loudspeaker based on the cylinder load compression drive head. High power sonic directional loudspeaker adopts high acoustic pressure level and high efficiency cartridge load compression driving head unit, and uses transducer array principle. High directivity acoustic waves are emitted to control and attack specified objects. However, the effects of phase plug and horn on the conversion efficiency, sound field distribution, beam width and sound pressure level of the compression drive head are discussed. In this paper, the theoretical research and optimization design of the phase plug and the structure characteristics of the horn load compression drive head are mainly studied and optimized. Firstly, the cylinder load compression drive is described. The basic principle of the moving head and the structural characteristics of the phase plug. The lumped parameter model of the cylinder load compression drive head is established, and through the normalized model parameters, the maximum efficiency point analysis is carried out to study the influence of the main parameters on its performance. According to the technical specifications of the high power sonic directional loudspeaker, the design requirements and corresponding design parameters of the cylinder load compression drive head are put forward. Then, the phase plug of the horn load compression drive head is analyzed. The difference of the output acoustic characteristics and the reasons for its existence are discussed. The performance improvement of the compression drive head with the phase plug is emphasized. At the same time, based on the Smith theory. The phase plug of 3-component annular channel is designed by using the Bessel equations constructed in cylindrical coordinate system (mainly the position and entrance area of the ring channel). The numerical simulation results show that the designed phase plug can effectively suppress the acoustic resonance in the compressed cavity. Finally, based on the mode decomposition theory, the BEM method is used to solve the problem. ? 40? The far-field radiation characteristics, impedance characteristics and acoustic field distribution characteristics of the horn under modal excitation are simulated and analyzed. The defects of the horn in far field directivity are pointed out, and the design of the horn with constant beam width is realized by using the least square method. The directivity simulation and experimental test of the designed horn load compression drive head are carried out to verify the design of the horn load compression drive head, which can meet the performance requirements of the high power sonic directional loudspeaker.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN643
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本文編號：1460086