本文關(guān)鍵詞： 小型化 低成本 等效電路模型 高選擇性 諧波抑制　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人們對(duì)無線技術(shù)尤其是移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)需求的日益增長,現(xiàn)代電子系統(tǒng)朝著集成化、小型化、低成本、多模等趨勢發(fā)展。而各種模式電子系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用,使得電磁空間更加復(fù)雜,為有效選擇所需信號(hào)同時(shí)減小帶外干擾,研究小型化、高性能的微波無源器件成為熱點(diǎn)�；刹▽�(dǎo)(Substrate Integrated Waveguide,SIW)是新型平面類導(dǎo)波結(jié)構(gòu),具有相對(duì)較高的品質(zhì)因數(shù),傳輸損耗較小,同時(shí)封閉結(jié)構(gòu)使得其輻射損耗低、隔離度高。目前,SIW已成為微波毫米波電路設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)重要選擇,但由于SIW類似于波導(dǎo),具有截止頻率,在具體應(yīng)用時(shí)占據(jù)較大的電路面積,制約了它在微波特別是微波低頻段中的應(yīng)用。本文針對(duì)SIW無源器件的小型化問題展開系統(tǒng)的研究,并完成了多種小型化、高性能的微波毫米波無源器件的設(shè)計(jì)。本文的主要研究工作及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下:(1)提出了 一種新型缺陷地結(jié)構(gòu)(Defected Ground Structure, DGS),并將其應(yīng)用到SIW結(jié)構(gòu)中。該DGS采用了發(fā)卡型結(jié)構(gòu),有效提高了等效電容,同時(shí)并聯(lián)的短枝節(jié)線則有效減小了等效電感,從而降低了損耗,與其他DGS結(jié)構(gòu)相比,本文所提出的結(jié)構(gòu)具有更高Q值,在阻帶頻率上的抑制深度和陡峭度具有明顯優(yōu)勢。首先,結(jié)合SIW結(jié)構(gòu)的高通性質(zhì)和DGS的低通特性形成帶通響應(yīng),DGS所產(chǎn)生的慢波效應(yīng)則使得電路更加緊湊,同時(shí)由于通帶內(nèi)處于傳輸模式,故在通帶內(nèi)具有較低的插入損耗和良好的回波性能。其次,針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)SIW功分器輸出端口隔離度較低的問題,本文在傳統(tǒng)魔T的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了一種加載所提出的DGS的SIW功分器,該設(shè)計(jì)克服了傳統(tǒng)SIW功分器輸出端口隔離度低的問題,同時(shí)具有低損耗、尺寸小的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。(2)提出了一種混合基片集成波導(dǎo)諧振結(jié)構(gòu)(Hybrid Substrate Integrated Waveguide,HMSIW),通過將金屬帶線嵌入到SIW腔體中,從而使得該諧振結(jié)構(gòu)存在兩種基本諧振模式:TEM模和TE101模。利用這種諧振結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)了一款新型濾波器,兩個(gè)模式分別形成一個(gè)通帶,得到了雙通帶濾波響應(yīng)。由于兩個(gè)工作模式不相關(guān),二者相互間的耦合可以忽略,故兩個(gè)通帶可獨(dú)立設(shè)計(jì)。同時(shí),由于帶線結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)嵌于SIW腔體內(nèi)部,不占據(jù)額外的電路面積,有利于小型化設(shè)計(jì)。另外,若帶線的諧振頻率接近于SIW腔體諧振頻率,由于帶線結(jié)構(gòu)諧振時(shí)的相位翻轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng),根據(jù)信號(hào)相消的原理,在濾波器的阻帶產(chǎn)生傳輸零點(diǎn)。此時(shí),帶線結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)于SIW諧振腔來說處于非諧振狀態(tài),可以看成非諧振節(jié)點(diǎn),但是傳統(tǒng)的非諧振節(jié)點(diǎn)技術(shù)采用的是單模結(jié)構(gòu),故僅能夠產(chǎn)生一個(gè)傳輸零點(diǎn),本文創(chuàng)新性地采用具有多諧振特性的階梯阻抗諧振器,可形成兩個(gè)或者多個(gè)傳輸零點(diǎn)。該設(shè)計(jì)突破了傳統(tǒng)單模非諧振節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)的限制,擴(kuò)展了非諧振節(jié)點(diǎn)在高選擇性濾波器的應(yīng)用,同樣由于帶線結(jié)構(gòu)不占據(jù)電路面積,有利于電路的小型化。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于四分之一�；刹▽�(dǎo)(Quarter-mode SIW, QMSIW)和共面波導(dǎo)(Co-planarWaveguide, CPW)的混合結(jié)構(gòu),并采用該結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行高選擇性小型化濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)。該混合結(jié)構(gòu)將CPW諧振器蝕刻于兩個(gè)QMSIW諧振器的耦合窗口位置,CPW諧振器工作于諧振狀態(tài),拓展了濾波器的工作帶寬,而且CPW引入了額外的電耦合,從而產(chǎn)生了帶外零點(diǎn),有力增強(qiáng)了頻率選擇性。同時(shí),由于CPW蝕刻在QMSIW的耦合窗口位置,不會(huì)增加電路的面積,有益于電路的小型化。另外,為進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)頻率選擇性,將混合源負(fù)載耦合應(yīng)用于濾波器設(shè)計(jì)中,與傳統(tǒng)的源負(fù)載耦合結(jié)構(gòu)相比,混合源負(fù)載耦合結(jié)構(gòu)能夠產(chǎn)生額外的傳輸零點(diǎn),提高了濾波器的頻率選擇性。(4)提出了 一種雙�；パa(bǔ)開口環(huán)諧振器(Complimentary Split Ring Resonator,CSRR)結(jié)構(gòu),并將其應(yīng)用于半膜基片集成波導(dǎo)(HalfModeSIW,HMSIW)無源電路中。傳統(tǒng)CSRR結(jié)構(gòu)加載到SIW中可形成左手傳輸線,使得傳輸信號(hào)的頻率遠(yuǎn)小于SIW的截止頻率,從而有利于器件的小型化。但其不足的是工作帶寬較窄、插入損耗高。本文基于傳統(tǒng)雙模諧振器,創(chuàng)新性地將雙模諧振器的概念應(yīng)用于互補(bǔ)諧振器中,形成了雙�；パa(bǔ)諧振器,從而有效提高了其工作帶寬,同時(shí)也有效降低了其傳輸損耗,擴(kuò)展了 CSRR的應(yīng)用范圍。另外,由于將雙模CSRR加載于HMSIW中,傳播信號(hào)的頻率遠(yuǎn)小于其截止頻率,電路面積大大減小,達(dá)到了與微帶、CPW相比擬的水平,同時(shí)其保持了 SIW的特性,傳輸損耗更小。本文研究中,均是采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單層或者兩層PCB工藝制作,加工簡單、周期短、成本低。同時(shí)各個(gè)加工樣品的理論分析、仿真以及測試結(jié)果均較為吻合,驗(yàn)證了本文研究工作的正確性以及有效性。
[Abstract]:Along with the people especially the growing demand for mobile communication technology of wireless technology, modern electronic system toward integration, miniaturization, low cost, multimode trend. Application of electronic systems of different modes, the electromagnetic space is more complex and is effective to select the desired signal while reducing band interference, on miniaturization. Microwave passive devices with high performance has become a hot topic. SIW (Substrate Integrated Waveguide, SIW) is a new type of planar wave guide structure, has a relatively high quality factor, low transmission loss, while the closed structure makes the radiation with low loss and high isolation. At present, SIW has become an important choice for microwave and millimeter wave circuit design, but because the SIW is similar to the waveguide, with cut-off frequency, occupy bigger circuit area in specific application, it is especially restricted in the microwave application of micro wave in the low frequency. Carry out systematic study on miniaturization of passive devices based on the SIW, and completed a variety of miniaturization, design of microwave and millimeter wave devices with high performance. The main research work and innovations are as follows: (1) proposed a Novel Defected Ground Structure (Defected Ground Structure, DGS), and the applied to the SIW structure. The DGS uses a hairpin structure, effectively improve the equivalent capacitance, and parallel stub line to reduce the equivalent inductance, thereby reducing the loss, compared with other DGS structure, the proposed structure has the higher value of Q inhibition in the stopband frequency on the depth and the steep degree has obvious advantages. First of all, combined with the low pass characteristic of SIW structure properties and formation of DGS high pass band-pass response, slow wave effect generated by DGS makes the circuit more compact, at the same time as the band in the transmission mode, so in the passband It has low insertion loss and good return performance. Secondly, according to the traditional SIW power divider output port isolation of the problem of low power SIW based on the traditional magic T on the design of a loading the DGS divider, which is designed to overcome the traditional SIW power divider output port the problem of low degree of isolation, and has the advantages of small size and low loss. (2) proposed a hybrid resonant structure of SIW (Hybrid Substrate Integrated Waveguide, HMSIW), the metal wires embedded into the SIW cavity, so that the resonant structure there are two basic modes: TEM mode resonance and TE101 model. Using this resonator, a new filter design, two modes respectively to form a band, the dual band bandpass filter response. Because not related to the two working modes, two mutual coupling can be ignored, so the two bands can be alone Vertical design. At the same time, because the belt line structure embedded in the SIW cavity, does not occupy the additional circuit area, is conducive to miniaturization design. In addition, if the resonant frequency band line close to the SIW cavity resonance frequency, the phase flip effect with line structure resonance, according to the principle of signal phase cancellation, in filter stopband produce transmission zeros. At this point, SIW resonant cavity in non resonant state relative to the line structure, can be seen as the non resonant node, but the non resonant node technology the traditional single-mode structure, it can only produce a transmission zero point, this paper innovatively adopts stepped impedance resonators with multi resonant characteristics that can form two or more transmission zeros. This design breaks the traditional mode of non resonant node limits on the number of zeros, extends the application of node in the non resonant filter with high selectivity, the same as with threads. The circuit does not occupy the area, is beneficial to the miniaturization of the circuit. (3) the design of an integrated waveguide based on 1/4 mode substrate (Quarter-mode SIW, QMSIW) and coplanar waveguide (Co-planarWaveguide, CPW) of the hybrid structure, and the structure design of high selectivity miniaturized filter. The hybrid structure coupling window the position of the CPW resonator etched on two QMSIW resonators, CPW resonator in resonant state, expand the bandwidth of the CPW filter, and introduces the electric coupling of additional, resulting in a strong band zero, increases the frequency selectivity. At the same time, due to the CPW etching in the coupling window position QMSIW, the circuit will not increase the area is beneficial to the miniaturization of the circuit. In addition, in order to further enhance the frequency selectivity of the mixed source load coupling used in filter design, compared with the traditional source load coupling structure, hybrid Source load coupling structure capable of generating extra transmission zeros, improve the frequency selectivity of the filter. (4) proposed a dual-mode complementary split ring resonator (Complimentary Split Ring Resonator, CSRR) structure, and its application in semi membrane substrate integrated waveguide (HalfModeSIW, HMSIW). The traditional passive circuit structure of CSRR loading SIW can form a left-handed transmission line, the transmission signal frequency cutoff frequency is much smaller than that of SIW, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the device. But its shortcoming is working with narrow bandwidth and high insertion loss. In this paper, based on the traditional dual-mode resonator, innovativelinked dual-mode resonator is applied to the complementary resonator, the formation of the complementary mode resonator, which can effectively improve the working bandwidth, at the same time to reduce the transmission loss, expand the scope of application of CSRR. In addition, due to the dual mode CSRR loaded on HMSIW, The spread of the signal frequency is far less than the cut-off frequency, the circuit area is greatly reduced, and reached a comparable level of microstrip, CPW, at the same time, it keeps the characteristics of SIW, the transmission loss is smaller. In this study, are made by standard single or two layer PCB technology, simple processing, short cycle, low cost. At the same time, analysis of each sample processing theory, simulation and test results are consistent, verify the correctness and validity of this research work.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN713

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