【摘要】：生活垃圾焚燒發(fā)電是通過垃圾焚燒設(shè)備通過焚燒生活垃圾產(chǎn)生熱能進(jìn)行發(fā)電的一種新型生活垃圾處理方式，目前在中國已經(jīng)進(jìn)入發(fā)展的鼎盛時(shí)期。但隨著公眾污染防范意識(shí)的不斷提高，垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠選址越來越遠(yuǎn)離市區(qū)，市政設(shè)施缺乏，取水排水困難。國家也制定了相關(guān)政策和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)二次污染提出更高的要求，這要求生活垃圾焚燒二次污染控制的水平也需要不斷提高。若將生活垃圾焚燒產(chǎn)生的工藝廢水處理后資源化利用，既能達(dá)到零排放，又能節(jié)約生活垃圾焚燒廠的用水量，可獲得“社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境”多重效益。 目前國內(nèi)垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠污水資源化等方面的研究僅僅停留在單一的某一類污水，，缺乏全局性和系統(tǒng)性。如何實(shí)現(xiàn)垃圾焚燒工藝廢水零排放，我國對(duì)此方面的研究尚處于起步階段。 本文在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)典型垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠給排水系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析，提出存在對(duì)生產(chǎn)廢水的利用不充分：大量優(yōu)質(zhì)無機(jī)清潔廢水被浪費(fèi)、經(jīng)過生產(chǎn)生活廢水處理系統(tǒng)和滲濾液處理系統(tǒng)處理后的廢水已接近工業(yè)用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)但未被利用，雨水沒有資源化利用等問題。 本文以大理市某垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)該廠水源地來水和全廠各系統(tǒng)水質(zhì)、用水及排水流量情況監(jiān)測，對(duì)各用水系統(tǒng)做出評(píng)價(jià)，繪制出全廠水平衡圖，分析用水狀況存在的問題，提出減少污水排放量、污水回用，建立全廠水務(wù)信息管理平臺(tái)等對(duì)策。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了兩種方案，方案一提出生產(chǎn)生活廢水中的無機(jī)廢水直接回收用做綠化灌溉，有機(jī)廢水及滲濾液處理后的廢水經(jīng)過深度系統(tǒng)處理達(dá)到回用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后，用作灰渣處理、沖洗等，并增加水務(wù)管理信息平臺(tái)，監(jiān)測全廠用水量及水質(zhì)。方案二是在方案一的基礎(chǔ)上增加雨水收集系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)初期雨水和中后期雨水自動(dòng)控制，將中后期雨水直接用于綠化灌溉，并提高循環(huán)水的濃縮倍率，減少循環(huán)用水的新鮮水補(bǔ)給量。在對(duì)兩個(gè)方案進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)效益分析，建議采用方案二，投資額較大，但工程凈效益大，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益比較可觀，投資回收年限較短。 研究結(jié)果表明通過減少循環(huán)污水排放量，廢水資源化利用，雨水回用，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠的廢水零排放，是解決處理垃圾產(chǎn)生的污水二次污染，解決垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠用水、排水困難，解決城市嚴(yán)重缺水問題的最有效途徑，并具有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:Domestic waste incineration power generation is a new type of domestic waste treatment method, which generates heat energy from incineration of domestic waste through waste incineration equipment. At present, it has entered the heyday of development in China. However, with the continuous improvement of public awareness of pollution prevention, the site selection of waste incineration power plant is more and more far away from the urban area, the lack of municipal facilities, and the difficulty of water collection and drainage. The state has also formulated relevant policies and standards to put forward higher requirements for secondary pollution, which requires that the level of secondary pollution control in MSW incineration also needs to be continuously improved. If the process wastewater produced by MSW incineration is treated and utilized, it can not only achieve zero discharge, but also save the water consumption of MSW incinerator, and can obtain "social, economic and environmental" benefits. At present, the research on sewage resource utilization of waste incineration power plants in China only stays in a single kind of sewage, which lacks the whole situation and systematicness. How to realize zero discharge of waste water from incineration process is still in its infancy in our country. On this basis, this paper analyzes the water supply and drainage system of typical waste incineration power plant, and puts forward that there are some problems, such as the insufficient utilization of production wastewater: a large number of high quality inorganic clean wastewater is wasted, the wastewater treated by production domestic wastewater treatment system and leachate treatment system is close to the industrial water use standard but not utilized, Rain Water has no resource utilization and so on. In this paper, a waste incineration power plant in Dali City is taken as the research object, the water quality of the water source and the system of the whole plant is monitored, the water use and drainage flow are monitored, the water use system is evaluated, the horizontal balance diagram of the whole plant is drawn, the existing problems of water use are analyzed, and the countermeasures such as reducing sewage discharge, sewage reuse and establishing water information management platform of the whole plant are put forward. On this basis, two schemes are put forward. In the first scheme, the inorganic wastewater from production and domestic wastewater is directly recovered for greening irrigation, and the wastewater treated with organic wastewater and leachate is used as ash treatment and washing after advanced system treatment, and the water management information platform is added to monitor the water consumption and quality of the whole plant. The second scheme is to add Rain Water collection system on the basis of scheme 1, to realize the automatic control of Rain Water and Rain Water in the early stage, to directly use 3500 in the middle and late stage for greening irrigation, to increase the concentration rate of circulating water, and to reduce the amount of fresh water recharge of recycled water. In the analysis of the economic benefits of the two schemes, it is suggested that the second scheme should be adopted, the investment amount is large, but the net benefit of the project is large, the economic benefit is considerable, and the investment recovery period is short. The results show that the zero discharge of waste water from MSW incineration power plant can be realized by reducing the discharge of circulating sewage, the utilization of wastewater resources and the reuse of Rain Water. It is the most effective way to solve the secondary pollution of sewage caused by garbage incineration, solve the water use of MSW incineration power plant, solve the difficulty of drainage, and solve the problem of serious water shortage in cities, and has certain economic benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X703;X773

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 朱法華;我國火電廠廢水排放與利用[J];電力環(huán)境保護(hù);2001年04期

2 王家生 ,黃種買 ,易賽莉 ,蘇立新;大同熱電有限責(zé)任公司廢水零排放工藝研究[J];電力環(huán)境保護(hù);2002年02期

3 王佩璋;火力發(fā)電廠全廠廢水零排放[J];電力環(huán)境保護(hù);2003年04期

4 康亮;王俊有;;火電廠節(jié)水降耗措施[J];電力環(huán)境保護(hù);2008年02期

5 張福常,楊培育;西柏坡電廠廢水零排放工程的設(shè)計(jì)與施工[J];電力建設(shè);2001年01期

6 張貴祥,董建國,李志民,穆小桂;火電廠廢水“零排放”設(shè)計(jì)研究與應(yīng)用[J];電力建設(shè);2004年02期

7 柳楊;劉德志;;脫硫廢水深度處理方法[J];電站系統(tǒng)工程;2007年03期

8 張麗華;發(fā)電廠節(jié)約水資源的技改方案[J];工業(yè)水處理;2002年03期

9 張敬;;工業(yè)廢水零排放在鶴煤熱電廠的應(yīng)用[J];工業(yè)水處理;2010年05期

10 關(guān)維竹,陳澤萍;華北電力集團(tuán)公司直屬發(fā)電廠排水及廢水治理情況分析[J];華北電力技術(shù);1997年11期

本文編號(hào)：2509182