【摘要】：增速齒輪箱是大型雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的關(guān)鍵部件之一,具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、載荷復(fù)雜、升速比高等特點(diǎn),實(shí)際運(yùn)行中故障率很高,往往達(dá)不到設(shè)計(jì)壽命。造成這一問(wèn)題的主要原因之一是從設(shè)計(jì)及運(yùn)行角度,對(duì)于風(fēng)電齒輪箱在復(fù)雜動(dòng)載荷作用下表現(xiàn)出的振動(dòng)特性研究不足。本文中以目前國(guó)內(nèi)安裝投運(yùn)最多的1500kW并網(wǎng)風(fēng)電機(jī)組為對(duì)象,針對(duì)該容量級(jí)別風(fēng)電機(jī)組最常用的兩種增速齒輪箱結(jié)構(gòu)：兩級(jí)行星加一級(jí)平行軸齒輪箱和一級(jí)行星加兩級(jí)平行軸齒輪箱,開展振動(dòng)特性仿真計(jì)算及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)分析研究,以期獲得關(guān)于風(fēng)電齒輪箱振動(dòng)特性的比較全面的信息,為優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、合理運(yùn)行和故障診斷提供技術(shù)支持。主要研究的內(nèi)容和結(jié)果總結(jié)如下： (1)利用Pro/E建模軟件和ADAMS動(dòng)力學(xué)分析軟件,對(duì)兩種風(fēng)電齒輪箱的動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算,得到了各級(jí)齒輪副的軸向角加速度、小齒輪齒面嚙合力的時(shí)域以及頻域特征。仿真結(jié)果與理論計(jì)算值十分接近,具有較高的可信度。兩級(jí)行星加一級(jí)平行軸的傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的嚙合齒動(dòng)態(tài)載荷相對(duì)較小。而一級(jí)行星加兩級(jí)平行軸的傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)載荷較大。 (2)通過(guò)兩種不同齒輪箱結(jié)構(gòu)的1.5MW雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)振動(dòng)測(cè)試。對(duì)齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)的時(shí)域波形、頻譜進(jìn)行分析,得到在風(fēng)電機(jī)組實(shí)際運(yùn)行狀態(tài)下,齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)的特征,并將兩種類型齒輪箱的實(shí)測(cè)振動(dòng)信號(hào)的波形及頻譜特征與前面的仿真計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。實(shí)測(cè)齒輪箱振動(dòng)信號(hào)與仿真計(jì)算結(jié)果具有一定的可比性,表明仿真計(jì)算具有一定的參考價(jià)值。 (3)探討了風(fēng)電機(jī)組運(yùn)行工況對(duì)齒輪箱振動(dòng)的影響,實(shí)測(cè)分析表明,在一定的轉(zhuǎn)速下,振動(dòng)信號(hào)中的某些頻率成分與結(jié)構(gòu)自振頻率重疊,產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的共振現(xiàn)象,這是導(dǎo)致齒輪箱振動(dòng)幅度劇烈變化的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Growth gearbox is one of the key components of large doubly-fed wind turbine. It has the characteristics of compact structure, complex load, high speed-up ratio and so on. The failure rate in actual operation is very high and often can not reach the design life. One of the main reasons for this problem is the lack of research on the vibration characteristics of wind turbine gear box under complex dynamic load from the point of view of design and operation. In this paper, the most installed and put into operation 1500kW grid-connected wind turbine in China as the object, aiming at the two most commonly used speed-increasing gearbox structures of the capacity grade wind turbine: two-stage planet plus one-stage parallel shaft gearbox and one-stage planet plus two-stage parallel shaft gearbox, the vibration characteristics simulation calculation and field measurement analysis are carried out, in order to obtain more comprehensive information about the vibration characteristics of wind turbine gear box, in order to optimize the design, Reasonable operation and fault diagnosis to provide technical support. The main contents and results are summarized as follows: (1) the dynamic characteristics of two kinds of wind power gearboxes are simulated and calculated by using Pro/E modeling software and ADAMS dynamic analysis software, and the axial angular acceleration of each gear pair, the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of pinion tooth surface meshing force are obtained. The simulation results are very close to the theoretical values and have high reliability. The dynamic load of meshing teeth in the transmission structure of two-stage planet plus one-stage parallel shaft is relatively small. However, the dynamic load of the transmission structure with first-order planet and two-stage parallel shaft is larger. (2) the field vibration test of 1.5MW doubly-fed wind turbine with two different gearbox structures is carried out. The time domain waveform and spectrum of the vibration signal of the gearbox are analyzed, and the characteristics of the vibration signal of the gearbox under the actual operation state of the wind turbine are obtained, and the waveform and spectrum characteristics of the measured vibration signals of the two types of gearboxes are compared with the previous simulation results. The measured vibration signal of gearbox is comparable with the simulation results, which shows that the simulation calculation has certain reference value. (3) the influence of the operating condition of wind turbine on the vibration of gearbox is discussed. the measured analysis shows that some frequency components in the vibration signal overlap with the natural frequency of the structure at a certain speed, resulting in strong resonance phenomenon, which is the main reason for the sharp change of the vibration amplitude of the gearbox.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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