基于力信號處理的斷路器機(jī)械特性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-24 20:23
【摘要】：斷路器是電力系統(tǒng)中重要電力設(shè)備,對電網(wǎng)有控制調(diào)度作用,又有保護(hù)作用。它的可靠性對電力系統(tǒng)的可靠性有重要影響,受到電力系統(tǒng)各部門的關(guān)注,對斷路器進(jìn)行檢修是保證斷路器可靠性的重要途徑。目前,狀態(tài)檢修是斷路器檢修的重要發(fā)展方向。狀態(tài)檢修利用傳感器技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、信號處理等技術(shù),對斷路器進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)參數(shù)監(jiān)測與處理,判斷斷路器的實(shí)時(shí)工作狀態(tài)及狀態(tài)趨勢,在斷路器發(fā)生故障前進(jìn)行檢修,做到預(yù)防性維修。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)斷路器狀態(tài)檢修,斷路器機(jī)械特性的在線監(jiān)測是非常重要的內(nèi)容。本文主要對VS1真空斷路器機(jī)械特性的在線監(jiān)測進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究,提出了以力傳感器和信號處理技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的準(zhǔn)確測量剛分剛合點(diǎn)的方法,并以此為基礎(chǔ)實(shí)現(xiàn)完整的斷路器機(jī)械特性的在線監(jiān)測。 本文首先對現(xiàn)有斷路器在線監(jiān)測參數(shù)進(jìn)行了總結(jié)分析,明確了斷路器機(jī)械特性在線監(jiān)測的重要性,并提出為了實(shí)現(xiàn)斷路器機(jī)械特性的在線監(jiān)測必須準(zhǔn)確測量斷路器剛分剛合點(diǎn)。為了解決剛分剛合點(diǎn)的準(zhǔn)確測量問題,論文在綜合比較基礎(chǔ)上提出了通過觸頭力測量和信號分析處理相結(jié)合的基本方案。 為了驗(yàn)證力傳感器測量剛分剛合點(diǎn)的可行性,論文首先建立了VS1斷路器機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)完整的ADAMS仿真模型,通過對仿真結(jié)果的分析,得出了在力傳感器信號中包含了斷路器剛分剛合點(diǎn)的基本信息,斷路器剛分剛合時(shí)刻與斷路器絕緣拉桿上的力信號突變存在明確的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,為進(jìn)一步通過信號處理的方式捕獲剛分剛合點(diǎn)奠定了重要基礎(chǔ)。 然后針對斷路器觸頭系統(tǒng)與拉桿結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了專用的力傳感器及其配套的信號調(diào)理電路。在專用力傳感器研制完成的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了包括主回路通斷測量、力信號測量同時(shí)在內(nèi)的斷路器機(jī)械特性測試系統(tǒng),即可實(shí)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)的離線機(jī)械特性測量,又可實(shí)現(xiàn)在線力信號的測量獲得機(jī)械特性,同時(shí)通過實(shí)際力信號與仿真力信號的對比分析,驗(yàn)證了仿真分析的正確性,即現(xiàn)實(shí)力信號中,斷路器剛分剛合時(shí)刻與斷路器絕緣拉桿上的力信號突變確實(shí)存在明確的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。 在實(shí)際獲取力信號的基礎(chǔ)上,為了從力信號中獲取剛分剛合時(shí)刻,論文在綜合分析各種處理方法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了小波包分解與重構(gòu)的信號處理方案,實(shí)現(xiàn)了力信號中剛分剛合時(shí)刻的提取計(jì)算。通過對力信號處理結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)離線測量結(jié)果的對比分析發(fā)現(xiàn),以力傳感器信號為基礎(chǔ)測量的斷路器剛分剛合時(shí)刻的誤差小于0.2ms,更進(jìn)一步論證以力信號實(shí)現(xiàn)斷路器機(jī)械特性在線測量的可行性。 最后,論文設(shè)計(jì)了完整的以力傳感器信號為基礎(chǔ)的監(jiān)測單元的軟件和硬件系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了斷路器機(jī)械特性位移測量、速度測量、開距測量、超行程測量,并實(shí)現(xiàn)了斷路器控制回路動(dòng)作時(shí)間和控制回路波形的診斷分析,構(gòu)成了完整、實(shí)用的斷路器在線監(jiān)測方案。
[Abstract]:Circuit breaker is an important power equipment in power system, which has both control and protection function for power grid. Its reliability has an important impact on the reliability of the power system and has attracted the attention of all departments of the power system. Maintenance of the circuit breaker is an important way to ensure the reliability of the circuit breaker. At present, condition maintenance is an important development direction of circuit breaker maintenance. Condition maintenance uses sensor technology, computer technology, signal processing and other technologies to monitor and process the real-time parameters of circuit breakers, to judge the real-time working state and state trend of circuit breakers, to carry out maintenance before the failure of circuit breakers, and to achieve preventive maintenance. In order to realize the condition maintenance of circuit breakers, the on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers is very important. In this paper, the on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of VS1 vacuum circuit breaker is systematically studied, and an accurate method of measuring rigid closing point based on force sensor and signal processing technology is put forward, and the complete on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breaker is realized. In this paper, the existing on-line monitoring parameters of circuit breakers are summarized and analyzed, the importance of on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers is clarified, and it is pointed out that in order to realize the on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers, it is necessary to accurately measure the rigid closing point of circuit breakers. In order to solve the problem of accurate measurement of rigid closing point, a basic scheme combining contact force measurement and signal analysis and processing is put forward in this paper on the basis of comprehensive comparison. In order to verify the feasibility of measuring the rigid closing point of the force sensor, the ADAMS simulation model of the mechanical structure of the VS1 circuit breaker is established in this paper. Through the analysis of the simulation results, it is obtained that the signal of the force sensor contains the basic information of the rigid closing point of the circuit breaker, and there is a clear corresponding relationship between the rigid closing time of the circuit breaker and the sudden change of the force signal on the insulation pull rod of the circuit breaker. It lays an important foundation for further acquisition of rigid closing point by signal processing. Then, according to the characteristics of circuit breaker contact system and pull rod structure, a special force sensor and its matching signal conditioning circuit are designed. On the basis of the development of the special force sensor, a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test system, including the main circuit on-off measurement and the force signal measurement at the same time, is designed, which can not only realize the traditional off-line mechanical characteristic measurement, but also realize the on-line force signal measurement to obtain the mechanical characteristics. At the same time, through the comparison and analysis of the actual force signal and the simulated force signal, the correctness of the simulation analysis is verified. There is a clear corresponding relationship between the rigid moment of circuit breaker and the sudden change of force signal on the insulation pull rod of circuit breaker. On the basis of obtaining the force signal, in order to obtain the rigid time from the force signal, based on the comprehensive analysis of various processing methods, the signal processing scheme of wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction is proposed, and the extraction and calculation of the rigid time of the force signal is realized. Through the comparative analysis of the force signal processing results and the traditional off-line measurement results, it is found that the error of the rigid time of the circuit breaker measured on the basis of the force sensor signal is less than 0.2 Ms, and the feasibility of realizing the on-line measurement of the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker with the force signal is further demonstrated. Finally, the software and hardware system of the monitoring unit based on the force sensor signal is designed, which realizes the mechanical characteristic displacement measurement, velocity measurement, open distance measurement and overstroke measurement of the circuit breaker, and realizes the diagnosis and analysis of the action time of the circuit breaker control loop and the waveform of the control loop, which constitutes a complete and practical on-line monitoring scheme of the circuit breaker.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM561
本文編號：2505343
[Abstract]:Circuit breaker is an important power equipment in power system, which has both control and protection function for power grid. Its reliability has an important impact on the reliability of the power system and has attracted the attention of all departments of the power system. Maintenance of the circuit breaker is an important way to ensure the reliability of the circuit breaker. At present, condition maintenance is an important development direction of circuit breaker maintenance. Condition maintenance uses sensor technology, computer technology, signal processing and other technologies to monitor and process the real-time parameters of circuit breakers, to judge the real-time working state and state trend of circuit breakers, to carry out maintenance before the failure of circuit breakers, and to achieve preventive maintenance. In order to realize the condition maintenance of circuit breakers, the on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers is very important. In this paper, the on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of VS1 vacuum circuit breaker is systematically studied, and an accurate method of measuring rigid closing point based on force sensor and signal processing technology is put forward, and the complete on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breaker is realized. In this paper, the existing on-line monitoring parameters of circuit breakers are summarized and analyzed, the importance of on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers is clarified, and it is pointed out that in order to realize the on-line monitoring of mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers, it is necessary to accurately measure the rigid closing point of circuit breakers. In order to solve the problem of accurate measurement of rigid closing point, a basic scheme combining contact force measurement and signal analysis and processing is put forward in this paper on the basis of comprehensive comparison. In order to verify the feasibility of measuring the rigid closing point of the force sensor, the ADAMS simulation model of the mechanical structure of the VS1 circuit breaker is established in this paper. Through the analysis of the simulation results, it is obtained that the signal of the force sensor contains the basic information of the rigid closing point of the circuit breaker, and there is a clear corresponding relationship between the rigid closing time of the circuit breaker and the sudden change of the force signal on the insulation pull rod of the circuit breaker. It lays an important foundation for further acquisition of rigid closing point by signal processing. Then, according to the characteristics of circuit breaker contact system and pull rod structure, a special force sensor and its matching signal conditioning circuit are designed. On the basis of the development of the special force sensor, a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test system, including the main circuit on-off measurement and the force signal measurement at the same time, is designed, which can not only realize the traditional off-line mechanical characteristic measurement, but also realize the on-line force signal measurement to obtain the mechanical characteristics. At the same time, through the comparison and analysis of the actual force signal and the simulated force signal, the correctness of the simulation analysis is verified. There is a clear corresponding relationship between the rigid moment of circuit breaker and the sudden change of force signal on the insulation pull rod of circuit breaker. On the basis of obtaining the force signal, in order to obtain the rigid time from the force signal, based on the comprehensive analysis of various processing methods, the signal processing scheme of wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction is proposed, and the extraction and calculation of the rigid time of the force signal is realized. Through the comparative analysis of the force signal processing results and the traditional off-line measurement results, it is found that the error of the rigid time of the circuit breaker measured on the basis of the force sensor signal is less than 0.2 Ms, and the feasibility of realizing the on-line measurement of the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker with the force signal is further demonstrated. Finally, the software and hardware system of the monitoring unit based on the force sensor signal is designed, which realizes the mechanical characteristic displacement measurement, velocity measurement, open distance measurement and overstroke measurement of the circuit breaker, and realizes the diagnosis and analysis of the action time of the circuit breaker control loop and the waveform of the control loop, which constitutes a complete and practical on-line monitoring scheme of the circuit breaker.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM561
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