【摘要】：配電網(wǎng)是電力系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,由于其結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、分布廣泛、絕緣水平不高,加之在技術(shù)管理和運(yùn)行維護(hù)上存在較多缺陷,以至于配電線路故障頻繁發(fā)生。針對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象,國(guó)內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者提出了很多關(guān)于配電線路的故障診斷和定位方法,取得了不錯(cuò)的效果。但現(xiàn)行的診斷方法都是對(duì)線路的故障信號(hào)進(jìn)行分析處理,一方面缺乏準(zhǔn)確度,另一方面對(duì)于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)尋找故障點(diǎn)也起不到幫助作用,因此研究高效的配電網(wǎng)故障監(jiān)控管理和診斷定位方法具有重要的實(shí)用意義。本文創(chuàng)新性的提出了一種基于智能故障指示器的配電網(wǎng)架空線路監(jiān)控管理系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)是以智能故障指示器作為節(jié)點(diǎn),搭建一個(gè)配電架空線路的監(jiān)控管理網(wǎng)絡(luò),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)架空線路的監(jiān)控管理。不同于傳統(tǒng)的故障診斷和定位方法,本文提出的系統(tǒng)主要通過(guò)外掛在線路上的指示器,對(duì)線路運(yùn)行情況進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)采集,采用特殊設(shè)計(jì)的前端傳感器精確地捕捉故障信號(hào),通過(guò)有效的信息處理方法提取故障信息特征,確定故障類型,并通過(guò)無(wú)線通訊終端統(tǒng)一將線路信息上傳至中心主站。當(dāng)線路發(fā)生故障時(shí),智能故障指示器能夠利用電場(chǎng)確認(rèn)、延時(shí)檢測(cè)等判據(jù)躲避線路上的沖擊電流、線路重合閘電流、線路初次送電電流的影響,大幅提高指示器動(dòng)作的準(zhǔn)確率,而且通過(guò)LED指示燈,為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員尋找故障點(diǎn)提供幫助。本文給出的配電網(wǎng)架空線路監(jiān)控管理系統(tǒng)主要有兩大特點(diǎn):第一點(diǎn)是線路運(yùn)行信息的實(shí)時(shí)性和準(zhǔn)確性。由于是指示器直接采集而非對(duì)線路運(yùn)行信號(hào)的間接處理,因此在通訊保持暢通的情況下基本可以達(dá)到線路運(yùn)行信息的實(shí)時(shí)性和準(zhǔn)確性;第二點(diǎn)是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員縮小巡查范圍并指示故障類型。由于指示器的LED可以根據(jù)故障類型采用不同的閃爍方式,因此通過(guò)是否閃爍以及閃爍類型等信息,可以為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員減少大量巡查和診斷工作。為驗(yàn)證監(jiān)控管理系統(tǒng)的效果,本文分別采用實(shí)際應(yīng)用案例和模擬仿真案例分別進(jìn)行測(cè)試。測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示,本文提出的系統(tǒng)對(duì)于提升配電網(wǎng)架空線路的供電可靠性有非常大的幫助,同時(shí),可以有效提升經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,具有客觀的投資回報(bào)率。
[Abstract]:Distribution network is an important part of power system. Because of its complex structure, wide distribution, low insulation level and many defects in technical management and operation and maintenance, distribution line faults occur frequently. In view of this phenomenon, experts and scholars at home and abroad have put forward a lot of fault diagnosis and location methods for distribution lines, and have achieved good results. However, the current diagnosis methods are all the analysis and processing of the fault signal of the line, on the one hand, the lack of accuracy, on the other hand, it can not help to find the fault point on the spot, so it is of great practical significance to study the efficient fault monitoring and management and diagnosis and location methods of distribution network. In this paper, an intelligent fault indicator based overhead line monitoring and management system is proposed. The system takes the intelligent fault indicator as the node, builds a monitoring and management network of the distribution overhead line, and realizes the monitoring and management of the overhead line of the distribution network. Different from the traditional fault diagnosis and location method, the system proposed in this paper mainly collects the operation of the line in real time through the indicator hanging on the line, uses the specially designed front-end sensor to capture the fault signal accurately, abstracts the fault information feature through the effective information processing method, determines the fault type, and uploads the line information to the central main station through the wireless communication terminal. When the line fails, the intelligent fault indicator can use electric field confirmation, delay detection and other criteria to avoid the impact current on the line, line reclosing current, line initial transmission current, greatly improve the accuracy of the indicator action, and through the LED indicator light, to provide help for the field staff to find the fault point. The monitoring and management system of overhead line in distribution network has two main characteristics: the first is the real-time and accuracy of line operation information. Because it is the direct acquisition of the indicator rather than the indirect processing of the line operation signal, the real-time and accuracy of the line operation information can be basically achieved under the condition that the communication remains smooth; the second point is that the inspection range can be narrowed and the fault type can be indicated for the field staff. Because the LED of the indicator can adopt different flicker modes according to the fault type, a large number of inspection and diagnosis work can be reduced for the field staff by whether or not flicker and flicker type information. In order to verify the effect of monitoring and management system, this paper uses practical application cases and simulation cases to test respectively. The test results show that the system proposed in this paper is very helpful to improve the power supply reliability of overhead lines in distribution network, at the same time, it can effectively improve the economic benefits and has an objective rate of return on investment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM75

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