基于超級電容儲能技術(shù)的動態(tài)電壓恢復器的設(shè)計與研究
[Abstract]:The instantaneous voltage drop of power grid is the dynamic power quality problem with the greatest harm and the highest probability in the power system, so measures must be taken to deal with it. Dynamic voltage restorer (Dynamic Voltage Restorer, DVR) is considered to be the most effective way to solve the instantaneous voltage drop at present. The device is connected in series between the power supply system and the load, and can dynamically compensate the voltage of the power grid. As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitor has the characteristics of high energy density, fast charge and discharge, long life, no pollution and so on. Therefore, a new type of dynamic voltage restorer with supercapacitor energy storage has a bright prospect of suppressing instantaneous voltage drop. In this paper, a small main bypass dynamic voltage restorer based on supercapacitor energy storage is designed for instantaneous voltage drop of power grid, and a new method for fast detection of instantaneous voltage drop is proposed. The related research on supercapacitor charge and discharge technology is carried out, and the variable current constant voltage fast charging method and multi-stage constant voltage discharge method are put forward. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the voltage characteristic change problem of voltage instantaneous drop in dynamic power quality problem is studied in detail. The main working principle of dynamic voltage restorer, the charge and discharge principle and equivalent model of supercapacitor are analyzed. (2) A new dynamic voltage restorer based on supercapacitor energy storage is designed by using the new idea of main and side power supply, and the hardware design and software design of the device are completed. The hardware design includes a new type of supercapacitor equalizing voltage charge and discharge circuit, half bridge DC-DC converter circuit, full bridge inverter circuit, sampling conditioning circuit, main control unit circuit and so on. The software design includes main program writing, AD, timer interrupt programming, protection program writing and so on. A prototype has been successfully fabricated and welded, and its maximum voltage recovery time can reach 3. (3) A new detection method of instantaneous voltage drop based on single-phase voltage 偽 尾-dq transform is proposed, and the theoretical analysis of the method is carried out. the simulation results show that the algorithm has good real-time performance and can quickly and accurately judge the fall of power grid. At the same time, combined with digital sampling technology, this paper proposes a cumulative optimization processing method for noise caused by "overshoot response" in the algorithm, which is practical in engineering and obvious in computer test. (4) according to the charge-discharge characteristics of supercapacitors and the commonly used charging and discharging methods, this paper proposes a supercapacitor energy flow control strategy combined with bidirectional DC-DC converter. The accurate double closed-loop control strategy method is worked out by using the small signal modeling method, and the PI parameters of the controller are calculated in detail through the correction principle in the automatic control theory. This method realizes the fast charging of supercapacitor with constant current and then constant voltage in Buck mode and steady voltage discharge in Boost mode. On this basis, the method of variable current constant voltage charging of supercapacitor and the method of multi-stage steady voltage discharge are put forward and verified by Simulink simulation. Through this control strategy, the discharge effect of supercapacitor in dynamic voltage restorer is greatly improved.
【學位授予單位】:東北大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TM714.2
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