模塊化多電平VSC-HVDC換流器的優(yōu)化控制研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-16 18:47
【摘要】：電壓源型換流器高壓直流輸電(Voltage Sourced Converter based HVDC VSC-HVDC)技術(shù)是一種新型的直流輸電技術(shù),已有的工程運行經(jīng)驗表明,其非常適合孤島供電、新能源并網(wǎng)和城市配電網(wǎng)增容等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用。近年來圍繞VSC-HVDC技術(shù)的研究取得了一系列的突破,其中最引人注目的是模塊化多電平換流器(Modular Multi-level Converter, MMC)在直流輸電工程上的成功應(yīng)用。 MMC自身儲能單元能量的有效控制是保證系統(tǒng)暫穩(wěn)態(tài)運行性能的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵。然而,隨著輸送容量和直流電壓等級的提升,MMC所需儲能單元急劇增加,對控制系統(tǒng)提出了更高的要求。再者,拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)和工作機理的不同使得MMC在某些工況下的暫態(tài)特性相比于傳統(tǒng)兩電平、三電平換流器有較大區(qū)別。本文以MMC-HVDC換流器能量平衡控制機理為出發(fā)點,對換流器在對稱以及橋臂子模塊數(shù)和電網(wǎng)電壓兩種非對稱工況下的暫穩(wěn)態(tài)特性及其優(yōu)化控制策略進行了研究。 1、研究了計及各橋臂子模塊數(shù)量差異的MMC-HVDC數(shù)學模型。建立了完整的MMC開關(guān)周期平均模型,推導了橋臂交流小信號模型；考慮子模塊電容電壓之和與直流電壓的差異,建立了系統(tǒng)對稱和兩種典型非對稱工況下MMC的低頻等效模型。 2、研究了MMC-HVDC換流器能量平衡控制策略及功率運行區(qū)間的優(yōu)化方法。分析了橋臂分段電容電壓平衡機理,提出了兩種段間電容電壓平衡控制策略；分析了MMC開關(guān)頻率的影響因素,提出了以滿足周期內(nèi)最值控制要求為目標的段內(nèi)電容電壓優(yōu)化控制策略,有效降低了器件的等效開關(guān)頻率；分析了上下橋臂、相間以及總的子模塊能量平衡控制機理,討論了不同站級有功類控制方式下總的子模塊電容電壓控制的實現(xiàn)方式；提出了基于三倍頻調(diào)制電壓注入和子模塊基值調(diào)整的MMC-HVDC換流器功率運行區(qū)間優(yōu)化方法。 3、研究了基于分橋臂電流控制的子模塊故障非對稱容錯控制策略。分析了故障子模塊旁路退出對MMC內(nèi)部及輸出特性特性的影響,討論了保證系統(tǒng)持續(xù)運行的子模塊故障數(shù)量上限；提出了改進的分橋臂電流控制策略,結(jié)合兩種子模塊電容電壓控制目標,改善了MMC的子模塊故障非對稱容錯控制效果。 4、研究了基于子模塊電容電壓和環(huán)流預(yù)估的非對稱電網(wǎng)故障穿越優(yōu)化控制策略�；谒矔r功率平衡理論,提出了子模塊電容電壓在線預(yù)估實現(xiàn)方案；討論了非對稱電網(wǎng)電壓下各序分量對MMC內(nèi)部及直流側(cè)變量的影響；明確了暫態(tài)期間子模塊電容電壓和橋臂環(huán)流等內(nèi)部變量的預(yù)期控制目標；提出了基于子模塊電容電壓預(yù)估調(diào)制和橋臂環(huán)流預(yù)估控制的復合控制策略；結(jié)合具體的站級控制策略,仿真分析了復合控制策略對改善系統(tǒng)暫態(tài)運行性能的控制效果。 5、開展了401電平MMC-HVDC動模系統(tǒng)相關(guān)控制策略的試驗研究。介紹了401電平物理動模、混合實時仿真平臺的系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)和主要功能,基于兩種試驗系統(tǒng)分別進行了分段電容電壓平衡和非對稱電網(wǎng)故障穿越優(yōu)化控制動模試驗,試驗結(jié)果驗證了相關(guān)理論分析和所提出的控制策略的正確性。
[Abstract]:The voltage source type converter high-voltage direct current transmission (VSC-HVDC) technology is a new type of DC power transmission technology. The existing engineering operation experience shows that it is very suitable for island power supply, new energy and network and city distribution network capacity-increasing. In recent years, a series of breakthroughs have been made in the research of VSC-HVDC technology, one of which is the successful application of Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC) in DC power transmission engineering. The effective control of the energy of the self-energy storage unit of the MMC is the basis and the close of the system's temporary steady-state operation. The key. However, with the increase of the transfer capacity and the DC voltage level, the energy storage unit required by the MMC is rapidly increased, and a higher demand for the control system In addition, the difference of the topological structure and the working mechanism is that the transient characteristics of the MMC in some working conditions are compared with the traditional two-level, and the three-level converter has a large area. Based on the energy balance control mechanism of the MMC-HVDC converter, the transient stability and the optimal control strategy of the converter under the conditions of symmetry and the number of submodules of the bridge and the voltage of the grid are studied in this paper. ............................................................ In this paper, a complete MMC switch cycle average model is established, and a small signal model of the bridge arm is derived. Considering the difference between the sum of the capacitor voltage and the DC voltage of the sub-module, the system symmetry and the low frequency of the MMC under two typical non-symmetrical conditions are established. The energy balance control strategy and the power operation interval of the MMC-HVDC converter are studied in this paper. In this paper, the mechanism of the voltage balance of the segment capacitance of the bridge arm is analyzed, and the control strategy of the voltage balance between the two segments is put forward. The influencing factors of the frequency of the MMC switch are analyzed. The control strategy is used to effectively reduce the equivalent switching frequency of the device, and the energy balance control mechanism of the upper and lower arm, the interphase and the total sub-module is analyzed, and the total sub-module capacitance voltage control in different station-level active-class control modes is discussed. The invention provides an MMC-HVDC converter power operation area based on a three-frequency-multiplication modulation voltage injection and a sub-module base value adjustment, 3. The fault of sub-module based on the current control of the bridge arm is studied in this paper. The fault-tolerant control strategy is called fault-tolerant control strategy. The influence of the bypass of the fault sub-module on the internal and output characteristics of the MMC is analyzed, the upper limit of the number of sub-modules in the system's continuous operation is discussed, the improved control strategy of the split-arm current is proposed, and the two sub-modules are combined The control target of the capacitance is improved, and the fault of the sub-module of the MMC is improved. The fault-tolerant control effect is called fault-tolerant control. In this paper, on the basis of the instantaneous power balance theory, the realization of the on-line estimation of the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is put forward, and the inside of the MMC is discussed in this paper. and a composite control strategy based on the sub-module capacitance voltage prediction modulation and the bridge arm circulation estimation control is proposed; and the combined control strategy The specific station-level control strategy and the simulation and analysis of the composite control strategy to improve the transient state of the system Control effect of operation performance.5. A 401-level MMC-HVDC dynamic system is implemented. The experimental research of the related control strategy is introduced. The system architecture and main function of the 401-level physical and dynamic simulation platform are introduced, and the voltage balance of the section and the asymmetric power grid are respectively carried out based on the two test systems. The test of the dynamic simulation of the obstacle crossing optimization control and the test results verify the relevant theoretical analysis and the related theoretical analysis.
【學位授予單位】：中國電力科學研究院
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM721.1
本文編號：2500748
[Abstract]:The voltage source type converter high-voltage direct current transmission (VSC-HVDC) technology is a new type of DC power transmission technology. The existing engineering operation experience shows that it is very suitable for island power supply, new energy and network and city distribution network capacity-increasing. In recent years, a series of breakthroughs have been made in the research of VSC-HVDC technology, one of which is the successful application of Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC) in DC power transmission engineering. The effective control of the energy of the self-energy storage unit of the MMC is the basis and the close of the system's temporary steady-state operation. The key. However, with the increase of the transfer capacity and the DC voltage level, the energy storage unit required by the MMC is rapidly increased, and a higher demand for the control system In addition, the difference of the topological structure and the working mechanism is that the transient characteristics of the MMC in some working conditions are compared with the traditional two-level, and the three-level converter has a large area. Based on the energy balance control mechanism of the MMC-HVDC converter, the transient stability and the optimal control strategy of the converter under the conditions of symmetry and the number of submodules of the bridge and the voltage of the grid are studied in this paper. ............................................................ In this paper, a complete MMC switch cycle average model is established, and a small signal model of the bridge arm is derived. Considering the difference between the sum of the capacitor voltage and the DC voltage of the sub-module, the system symmetry and the low frequency of the MMC under two typical non-symmetrical conditions are established. The energy balance control strategy and the power operation interval of the MMC-HVDC converter are studied in this paper. In this paper, the mechanism of the voltage balance of the segment capacitance of the bridge arm is analyzed, and the control strategy of the voltage balance between the two segments is put forward. The influencing factors of the frequency of the MMC switch are analyzed. The control strategy is used to effectively reduce the equivalent switching frequency of the device, and the energy balance control mechanism of the upper and lower arm, the interphase and the total sub-module is analyzed, and the total sub-module capacitance voltage control in different station-level active-class control modes is discussed. The invention provides an MMC-HVDC converter power operation area based on a three-frequency-multiplication modulation voltage injection and a sub-module base value adjustment, 3. The fault of sub-module based on the current control of the bridge arm is studied in this paper. The fault-tolerant control strategy is called fault-tolerant control strategy. The influence of the bypass of the fault sub-module on the internal and output characteristics of the MMC is analyzed, the upper limit of the number of sub-modules in the system's continuous operation is discussed, the improved control strategy of the split-arm current is proposed, and the two sub-modules are combined The control target of the capacitance is improved, and the fault of the sub-module of the MMC is improved. The fault-tolerant control effect is called fault-tolerant control. In this paper, on the basis of the instantaneous power balance theory, the realization of the on-line estimation of the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is put forward, and the inside of the MMC is discussed in this paper. and a composite control strategy based on the sub-module capacitance voltage prediction modulation and the bridge arm circulation estimation control is proposed; and the combined control strategy The specific station-level control strategy and the simulation and analysis of the composite control strategy to improve the transient state of the system Control effect of operation performance.5. A 401-level MMC-HVDC dynamic system is implemented. The experimental research of the related control strategy is introduced. The system architecture and main function of the 401-level physical and dynamic simulation platform are introduced, and the voltage balance of the section and the asymmetric power grid are respectively carried out based on the two test systems. The test of the dynamic simulation of the obstacle crossing optimization control and the test results verify the relevant theoretical analysis and the related theoretical analysis.
【學位授予單位】：中國電力科學研究院
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM721.1
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