【摘要】：近幾十年來(lái)，聚合物絕緣電介質(zhì)在電力領(lǐng)域得到越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用。電氣行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展對(duì)這類固體電介質(zhì)的電性能要求越來(lái)越高。電介質(zhì)材料的空間電荷行為直接影響其電性能。目前，傳統(tǒng)的空間電荷無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法和技術(shù)已經(jīng)發(fā)展的較為成熟，并且較為廣泛地用于絕緣材料研究等方面。由于測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的帶寬限制，這些檢測(cè)手段的空間分辨率只能達(dá)到微米尺度。因此，為了研究更小尺度內(nèi)的空間電荷行為，提出一種新的空間電荷測(cè)量方法就顯得尤為重要。 本文提出了一種全光學(xué)方法測(cè)量低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)空間電荷的方案，即利用脈沖光電場(chǎng)與注入電荷的LDPE發(fā)生作用，利用應(yīng)力雙折射效應(yīng)檢測(cè)彈性波。對(duì)光電場(chǎng)與物質(zhì)作用以及應(yīng)力雙折射效應(yīng)的原理做了簡(jiǎn)要分析，提出了一種LDPE表面旋涂電光聚合物的試樣結(jié)構(gòu)。闡述了方案提出的測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的具體工作過(guò)程，并對(duì)方案可能存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析。 實(shí)現(xiàn)光學(xué)方法測(cè)量LDPE空間電荷的前提是脈沖光電場(chǎng)能夠與介質(zhì)內(nèi)部的空間電荷發(fā)生作用。為了驗(yàn)證這一假設(shè)，本文搭建了驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)系統(tǒng)，利用脈沖激光作為激發(fā)光，，使用脈沖電聲(PEA)法空間電荷測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)部分進(jìn)行測(cè)量。分析了脈沖光的偏振狀態(tài)和在試樣表面的入射角度，并對(duì)光電場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果與PEA系統(tǒng)測(cè)量LDPE空間電荷分布的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較，表明脈沖光電場(chǎng)可以與注入電荷的LDPE作用產(chǎn)生彈性波。 本文利用搭建的驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，通過(guò)改變激發(fā)光的波長(zhǎng)和入射在LDPE表面的角度，得到不同脈沖光電場(chǎng)下的系統(tǒng)輸出電壓。分析了光波長(zhǎng)和入射角對(duì)系統(tǒng)輸出電壓的影響，并對(duì)反映試樣內(nèi)部空間電荷的信號(hào)進(jìn)行了提取。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, polymer insulated dielectric has been more and more widely used in the field of power. With the rapid development of electrical industry, the electrical performance of this kind of solid dielectric is required to be higher and higher. The space charge behavior of dielectric materials directly affects their electrical properties. At present, the traditional space charge nondestructive testing methods and technologies have been developed more mature, and more widely used in insulation materials research and so on. Due to the bandwidth limitation of the measurement system, the spatial resolution of these detection methods can only reach the micron scale. Therefore, in order to study the space charge behavior in a smaller scale, it is particularly important to propose a new space charge measurement method. In this paper, an all-optical method for measuring the space charge of low density polyethylene (LDPE) is proposed, in which the pulse photoelectric field interacts with the injected charge LDPE and the stress birefringence effect is used to detect the elastic wave. The interaction between photoelectric field and material and the principle of stress birefringence effect are briefly analyzed, and a sample structure of rotating coated electro-optic polymer on LDPE surface is proposed. This paper expounds the concrete working process of the measurement system proposed by the scheme, and analyzes the possible problems existing in the scheme. The premise of measuring LDPE space charge by optical method is that the pulse photoelectric field can interact with the space charge in the medium. In order to verify this hypothesis, a verification test platform system is built in this paper. Pulse laser is used as excited light, and pulse electroacoustic (PEA) method is used to measure the space charge measurement system. The polarization state of pulse light and the incident angle on the surface of the sample are analyzed, and the photoelectric field is calculated. The experimental results are compared with the results of LDPE space charge distribution measured by PEA system. It is shown that the pulse photoelectric field can interact with the injected charge LDPE to produce elastic waves. In this paper, the output voltage of the system under different pulse photoelectric fields is obtained by changing the wavelength of excited light and the angle of incident on the surface of LDPE by using the verification test system. The effects of optical wavelength and incident angle on the output voltage of the system are analyzed, and the signals reflecting the space charge in the sample are extracted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM215

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