【摘要】：隨著全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)變化及化石能源的日益枯竭，近年來風(fēng)能作為一種新型的可再生綠色能源逐漸走進(jìn)人們的生活，風(fēng)能的開發(fā)利用成為世界各國能源政策的重要方針。風(fēng)力發(fā)電作為風(fēng)能利用的一種有效地開發(fā)形式被各國學(xué)者予以研究，世界風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)迅速發(fā)展。但近年來隨著國內(nèi)外陸上及近海風(fēng)電場的建設(shè)使用，它們所帶來環(huán)境影響和開發(fā)效益低等問題也逐漸被暴露。人們?cè)趯ふ医鉀Q問題辦法時(shí),隨著海洋工程技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，開始把海上風(fēng)電場選址逐漸移向了深海。因傳統(tǒng)的固定式風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)的造價(jià)會(huì)隨著水深的加深快速增加，很難得到大規(guī)模發(fā)展，近年來深海浮式風(fēng)電的開發(fā)利用成為人們研究的熱點(diǎn)。 目前對(duì)于深海風(fēng)電開發(fā)，能否在盡可能低成本的情況下設(shè)計(jì)研究出合適的基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)及其配套的系泊系統(tǒng)是關(guān)系到浮式風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)夠否大規(guī)模發(fā)展的重大問題之一。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)此已經(jīng)做了大量研究，但研究的重點(diǎn)多注重于基礎(chǔ)的概念設(shè)計(jì)和結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)響應(yīng)分析，對(duì)于浮式風(fēng)電系泊系統(tǒng)的研究相對(duì)較少。而系泊系統(tǒng)作為浮式風(fēng)電結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分，其投入成本在海上浮式風(fēng)電的成本中占據(jù)著較大比例。因此在進(jìn)行浮式風(fēng)電結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，系泊系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)占據(jù)著重要因素，對(duì)系泊系統(tǒng)性能進(jìn)行研究具有現(xiàn)實(shí)的工程意義。本文以一座100米水深的3.6MW Spar型浮式風(fēng)電基礎(chǔ)為研究對(duì)象。從減小結(jié)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)和系纜張力沖擊為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)及其系泊系統(tǒng)的性能進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究，主要工作有： 1．建立了基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的三維水動(dòng)力模型，利用三維勢(shì)流理論在頻域范圍內(nèi)計(jì)算了結(jié)構(gòu)的水動(dòng)力特性和運(yùn)動(dòng)性能，得到了結(jié)構(gòu)的附加質(zhì)量、附加阻尼、一階波浪激勵(lì)力以及運(yùn)動(dòng)響應(yīng)傳遞函數(shù)。 2．研究了浮式風(fēng)機(jī)張緊式和懸鏈線式兩種不同型式的系泊系統(tǒng)，并在時(shí)域范圍內(nèi)對(duì)其進(jìn)行了分析。以減少結(jié)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)響應(yīng)和系纜張力沖擊為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，對(duì)比了兩種系泊方式的優(yōu)劣。研究表明對(duì)于海上浮式風(fēng)電，張緊式系泊系統(tǒng)比懸鏈線系統(tǒng)有著更好的系泊性能。 3．采用時(shí)域分析的方法對(duì)浮式風(fēng)機(jī)張緊式系泊系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了耦合響應(yīng)分析，針對(duì)張緊式系泊系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)，以減小結(jié)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)響應(yīng)和系纜張力沖擊為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，對(duì)比分析了不同系泊角度、不同系泊點(diǎn)位置以及不同預(yù)張力對(duì)系泊系統(tǒng)性能的影響。 4．設(shè)計(jì)制作了Spar型浮式風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)及其系泊系統(tǒng)的模型，，并在波流水槽進(jìn)行了波浪、海流荷載下的模型試驗(yàn)。從試驗(yàn)的角度分析了不同的預(yù)緊力設(shè)置對(duì)張緊式系泊系統(tǒng)性能的影響，并將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。
[Abstract]:With the change of global energy structure and the increasing depletion of fossil energy, wind energy, as a new type of renewable green energy, has gradually entered people's lives in recent years. The development and utilization of wind energy has become an important policy of energy policy in the world. Wind power generation, as an effective development form of wind energy utilization, has been studied by scholars all over the world, and the world wind power industry has developed rapidly. However, in recent years, with the construction and use of onshore and offshore wind farms at home and abroad, their environmental impact and low development efficiency have been gradually exposed. When people are looking for solutions to the problem, with the rapid development of marine engineering technology, the location of offshore wind farms has gradually moved to the deep sea. Because the cost of the traditional fixed fan foundation will increase rapidly with the deepening of water depth, it is difficult to get large-scale development. In recent years, the development and utilization of deep-sea floating wind power has become a hot research topic. At present, for the development of deep-sea wind power, whether the appropriate infrastructure and its supporting mooring system can be designed and studied at the lowest possible cost is one of the major issues related to the large-scale development of floating wind power industry. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on this, but the focus of the research focuses on the basic conceptual design and structural motion response analysis, the research on floating wind power mooring system is relatively small. As an important part of floating wind power structure, the input cost of mooring system accounts for a large proportion of the cost of offshore floating wind power. Therefore, the design of mooring system occupies an important factor in the design of floating wind power structure, so it is of practical engineering significance to study the performance of mooring system. In this paper, a 100m water depth 3.6MW Spartype floating wind power foundation is taken as the research object. From the point of view of reducing the motion of the structure and the tension impact of the mooring cable, the performance of the structure and its mooring system is studied in detail. The main work is as follows: 1. The three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the infrastructure is established. The hydrodynamic and kinematic properties of the structure are calculated by using the three-dimensional potential flow theory in the frequency domain. The additional mass, additional damping, first-order wave excitation force and motion response transfer function of the structure are obtained. 2. Two different types of mooring systems, tension type and catenary type, of floating fan are studied and analyzed in time domain. In order to reduce the motion response of the structure and the tension impact of the mooring cable, the advantages and disadvantages of the two mooring modes are compared. The results show that the tensioned mooring system has better mooring performance than the catenary system for offshore floating wind power. 3. The coupling response analysis of floating fan tensionable mooring system is carried out by using the method of time domain analysis. According to the characteristics of tensioned mooring system, the starting point is to reduce the structural motion response and the impact of cable tension. The effects of different mooring angles, different mooring points and different pretension on the performance of mooring system are compared and analyzed. 4. The model of Spartype floating fan foundation and its mooring system is designed and made, and the model test under wave and current load is carried out in the wave and current flume. The influence of different pretightening force settings on the performance of tensioned mooring system is analyzed from the experimental point of view, and the test results are compared with the simulation results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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