【摘要】：當前由于世界的石油資源枯竭、汽車尾氣導致的空氣污染以及日益嚴重的全球變暖等問題，無疑會使得汽車工業(yè)的發(fā)展方向定格為低碳、節(jié)能和環(huán)保。對世界各國來說，廣泛的發(fā)展新能源汽車是非常有必要的。由于世界的石油資源是有限的，新能源汽車的興起有利于節(jié)省石油資源，減少CO2排放，對保護人類社會的發(fā)展環(huán)境有著重大意義。其中，純電動汽車是由電機驅(qū)動取代發(fā)動機驅(qū)動，因此具有了零排放有害物質(zhì)的優(yōu)點。 作為純電動轎車的僅有的驅(qū)動源—電機系統(tǒng)，是科研人員研發(fā)的重中之重，所以電機的效率直接影響到整車的能量消耗。在電機全部類型之中，永磁同步電機因在功率因數(shù)和高效率方面的優(yōu)勢，日益得到廣泛的關注。 開放式繞組永磁同步電機即將傳統(tǒng)永磁同步電機Y型繞組連接的中性點打開，將中性點兩端的六根引線引出電機，每三根引線連接一個逆變器，這樣就相當于在電機兩側(cè)各連接一個逆變器，組成了雙逆變器結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)。相比傳統(tǒng)單逆變器結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)，該結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)有效的減少了功率開關數(shù)量規(guī)模。但是研究人員主要研究將其應用到交流感應電機上，，研究將其應用到永磁同步電機上的相關資料非常少，因此該系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)在永磁同步電機上的應用存在著廣闊的空間。 以課題組獨立研究的課題“電動車雙逆變器開放式繞組永磁同步電機切換過程控制研究”為依托，通過項目研究，掌握開放式繞組永磁同步電機切換過程的關鍵技術(shù)，搭建基于開放式繞組永磁同步電機的整車控制策略模型，完成應用開放式繞組永磁同步電機的整車經(jīng)濟性分析。主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 從應用開放式繞組永磁同步電機應用于整車的目的出發(fā)，首先對開放式繞組永磁同步電機工作特性進行分析，進行臺架試驗驗證開放式繞組永磁同步電機的工作特性，用OPPeD軟件得出基于整車需求的電機效率圖，以保證基于開放式繞組永磁同步電機的整車模型仿真分析的準確。同時結(jié)合純電動轎車的循環(huán)行駛工況分析，將兩種典型工況下的能量消耗率作為衡量指標，在完成開放式繞組永磁同步電機參數(shù)匹配的基礎上建立整車模型進行經(jīng)濟性仿真分析，驗證開放式繞組永磁同步電機應用于整車的經(jīng)濟性優(yōu)勢。 主要研究為： 一、研究開放式繞組永磁同步電機的工作特性，并完成參數(shù)匹配。針對純電動轎車整車對驅(qū)動電機的要求，分析開放式繞組電機的外特性和效率特性。根據(jù)目標車型的動力性要求以及運行工況分析確定開放式繞組電機Y/△繞組的峰值與額定參數(shù)的范圍。在此基礎上運用遺傳算法確定完成開放式繞組電機的各參數(shù)具體取值。 二、完成開放式繞組永磁同步電機臺架試驗。獲得開放式繞組永磁同步電機的外特性和效率特性曲線。 三、制定開放式繞組永磁同步電機的繞組選擇控制策略。根據(jù)開放式繞組永磁同步電機的外特性，劃分電機工作區(qū)間，制定繞組選擇控制策略。 四、完成基于開放式繞組永磁同步電機的整車模型性能仿真分析。首先根據(jù)OPPeD電機軟件獲取開放式繞組試驗電機的效率map，根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果驗證開放式繞組試驗電機的外特性和效率特性與理論分析的結(jié)果是一致的。繼而在OPPeD電機仿真軟件中獲取開放式繞組車用電機效率map。最后建立開放式繞組永磁同步電機模型及繞組選擇控制策略，仿真分析純電動轎車的動力性與經(jīng)濟性。最后根據(jù)兩種典型工況下的整車經(jīng)濟性仿真分析可以得出結(jié)論：開放式繞組電機比傳統(tǒng)電機更能提高電機系統(tǒng)的效率和整車的經(jīng)濟性。
[Abstract]:At present, because of the depletion of the world's petroleum resources, the air pollution caused by automobile exhaust and the increasing global warming, it is no doubt that the development direction of the automobile industry is the low-carbon, energy-saving and environment-friendly. It is very necessary for the countries of the world to develop new and new energy vehicles. As the world's petroleum resources are limited, the rise of new energy vehicles is beneficial to saving oil resources and reducing the emission of CO2, which is of great significance for protecting the development environment of human society. In which the pure electric automobile is driven by a motor to replace an engine, so that the pure electric automobile has the advantages of zero emission of harmful substances. As the only driving source and motor system of the pure electric car, it is the most important research and development of the research personnel, so the efficiency of the motor directly affects the energy of the whole vehicle. With the advantages of power factor and high efficiency, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in all types of the motor Note: The open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor is about to open the neutral point of the traditional permanent-magnet synchronous motor Y-type winding, and the six lead-out motors at the two ends of the neutral point are led out, and each three leads are connected with an inverter, which corresponds to connecting one of the two sides of the motor The inverter forms a double-inverter junction and compared with the conventional single-inverter structure system, the structure system effectively reduces the number of power switches, However, the application of the system to the permanent magnet synchronous motor is very small, so the system has a wide application in the permanent magnet synchronous motor Based on the project "Study on the control of the switching process of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor of the double-inverter of" of the independent research of the research group, the key technology of the switching process of the open-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor is grasped through the project research, and the whole-vehicle control based on the open-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor is set up. Complete the whole vehicle with open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor by making the strategy model economic analysis The contents of the study are as follows: from the application of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor to the purpose of the whole vehicle, the working characteristics of the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor are analyzed, and the bench test is carried out to verify the permanent-magnet synchronization of the open-type winding The operation characteristics of the motor and the OPPeD software are used to obtain the motor efficiency diagram based on the requirement of the whole vehicle, so as to ensure the complete vehicle model based on the open-type winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor Based on the analysis of the cycle running condition of the pure electric car, the energy consumption rate of the two typical working conditions is used as the measurement index, and the whole vehicle model is built on the basis of completing the parameter matching of the open-type permanent magnet synchronous motor. Economic simulation and analysis to verify the application of open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor the economy of the car is excellent The main research is as follows:1. To study the work of open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor The characteristics and the matching of the parameters are completed. The open-ended winding is analyzed for the requirements of the pure electric car on the drive motor The external characteristics and efficiency characteristics of the motor are determined according to the power performance requirements of the target vehicle type and the operation condition analysis The range of the peak value and the rated parameter is determined by using the genetic algorithm. The specific value of each parameter of the group motor is as follows:2. Complete the opening The bench test of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the winding-type winding is to obtain the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous The external characteristic and the efficiency characteristic curve of the motor. the invention relates to a winding selection control strategy of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor, in that work interval, the control strategy of the win selection is set up, and four, the open type winding is finished, The performance simulation of the whole vehicle model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed. First, the efficiency map of the open-type winding test motor is obtained according to the OPPeD motor software, and the external characteristic of the open-type winding test motor is verified according to the simulation results. and the simulation software of the OPPeD motor in that method, an open-type winding permanent-magnet synchronous motor model and a winding selection control strategy are finally established, The dynamic and economical performance of the pure electric car is simulated and analyzed. Finally, according to the simulation analysis of the whole vehicle economy under two typical working conditions, it can be concluded that the open-type winding motor is more than that of the conventional electric machine.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U469.72;TM341

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