【摘要】：能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題加速了人類對(duì)可再生能源的研究和開(kāi)發(fā)。新型的分布式電源如太陽(yáng)能光伏電池、風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組和燃料電池等可再生能源發(fā)電是構(gòu)成微電網(wǎng)重要的分布式電源，分布式發(fā)電形式可以實(shí)現(xiàn)能源地域互補(bǔ)和資源優(yōu)化配置。這些分布式電源需經(jīng)過(guò)固定的接口設(shè)備并入電網(wǎng)，給遠(yuǎn)程負(fù)載供電，或者直接利用逆變器轉(zhuǎn)換給本地的交流負(fù)載供電，因此無(wú)論是哪種供電形式都將經(jīng)過(guò)并網(wǎng)逆變器的轉(zhuǎn)換。在現(xiàn)代電力電子技術(shù)迅速發(fā)展及信息科學(xué)技術(shù)不斷進(jìn)步的帶動(dòng)下，高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品和用電設(shè)備對(duì)供電質(zhì)量提出了越來(lái)越嚴(yán)格的要求，因此研究出性能優(yōu)越、功能完備、可靠性高的并網(wǎng)逆變器就成為人們十分關(guān)注的課題。 本文主要做了如下幾個(gè)方面的工作： （1）研究了基于TMS320F28335的SPWM單相并網(wǎng)逆變器控制技術(shù)。構(gòu)建了微電網(wǎng)模型和逆變器仿真模型，分析了逆變器的SPWM的基本概念、調(diào)制技術(shù)和鎖相環(huán)的原理。在MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真環(huán)境中建立了微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的仿真模型，，仿真結(jié)果表明，應(yīng)用鎖相環(huán)技術(shù)，系統(tǒng)在0.17s內(nèi)完成逆變電流與電網(wǎng)電壓的鎖相。隨后進(jìn)行了逆變電路器件的選擇以及LC濾波電路的設(shè)計(jì)。 （2）研究了并網(wǎng)逆變器的主電路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)，分析了系統(tǒng)的工作原理，確定了系統(tǒng)的控制策略。硬件設(shè)計(jì)方面分別介紹DSP最小系統(tǒng)電路、信號(hào)采集模塊、IGBT功率驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊、人機(jī)交互模塊、通訊模塊；軟件設(shè)計(jì)方面分別介紹系統(tǒng)的主程序、系統(tǒng)時(shí)鐘的設(shè)計(jì)、SPWM對(duì)稱規(guī)則采樣法的實(shí)現(xiàn)、CAP實(shí)現(xiàn)鎖相環(huán)功能等。 （3）以SPWM波和逆變電流為測(cè)試對(duì)象，建立單相并網(wǎng)逆變系統(tǒng)，分別研究了電網(wǎng)電壓轉(zhuǎn)換波形質(zhì)量，SPWM死區(qū)設(shè)置，載波比不同時(shí)的SPWM波形和電網(wǎng)電壓與逆變信號(hào)的鎖相。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與設(shè)計(jì)理論對(duì)比分析結(jié)果表明：對(duì)稱規(guī)則采樣法的應(yīng)用能夠得到波形質(zhì)量很好的SPWM波；逆變正弦信號(hào)頻率為50Hz，正弦信號(hào)能與電網(wǎng)電壓信號(hào)完成鎖相，鎖相的頻率誤差為2.5%，在允許波動(dòng)范圍內(nèi)；單相SPWM并網(wǎng)逆變控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)合理、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定，驗(yàn)證了方案的合理性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Energy crisis and environmental pollution accelerate the research and development of renewable energy. New distributed power sources, such as solar photovoltaic cells, wind turbines and fuel cells, are important distributed power sources in microgrid. Distributed power generation can complement each other and optimize the allocation of resources. These distributed power supplies need to be integrated into the power grid through fixed interface equipment to supply power to the remote load, or directly use the inverter to convert to the local AC load power supply, so no matter which power supply form will be converted through the grid-connected inverter. Driven by the rapid development of modern power electronics technology and the continuous progress of information science and technology, high-tech products and electrical equipment have put forward more and more strict requirements for the quality of power supply, so it is found that the performance is superior and the function is complete. High reliability grid-connected inverter has become a very concerned topic. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the control technology of SPWM single-phase grid-connected inverter based on TMS320F28335 is studied. The microgrid model and inverter simulation model are constructed. The basic concept of inverter SPWM, modulation technology and the principle of phase-locked loop are analyzed. The simulation model of microgrid system is established in MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation environment. The simulation results show that the phase-locked loop technology is used to complete the phase-locking of inverter current and grid voltage in 0.17s. Then the selection of inverter circuit devices and the design of LC filter circuit are carried out. (2) the main circuit topology of grid-connected inverter is studied, the working principle of the system is analyzed, and the control strategy of the system is determined. In the aspect of hardware design, the DSP minimum system circuit, signal acquisition module, IGBT power drive module, human-computer interaction module and communication module are introduced respectively. In the aspect of software design, the main program of the system, the design of system clock, the realization of SPWM symmetric rule sampling method and the realization of phase-locked loop (PLL) function by CAP are introduced respectively. (3) taking SPWM wave and inverter current as the test object, the single-phase grid-connected inverter system is established, and the voltage conversion waveform quality, SPWM dead time setting, SPWM waveform with different carrier ratio and phase-locking between grid voltage and inverter signal are studied respectively. The experimental results are compared with the design theory. The results show that the SPWM wave with good waveform quality can be obtained by the application of symmetric regular sampling method. The frequency of the inverter sinusoidal signal is 50Hz, and the sinusoidal signal can be phase-locked with the voltage signal of the power grid. The frequency error of the phase-locked signal is 2.5%, which is within the allowable fluctuation range. The single-phase SPWM grid-connected inverter control system has reasonable structure design and stable operation, which verifies the rationality and effectiveness of the scheme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM464

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