配電變壓器經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行及自動(dòng)投切裝置研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-24 00:57
【摘要】：在電力系統(tǒng)中,變壓器是必不可少的電氣設(shè)備之一,其總?cè)萘窟h(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)發(fā)電機(jī)總?cè)萘?電能損耗占電力系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)損的很大一部分,因此變壓器的利用方式經(jīng)濟(jì)與否直接影響著電能損耗的大小。配電變壓器為電網(wǎng)最末端變壓器,數(shù)量大、自動(dòng)化程度較低、處于不經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)損耗大,其實(shí)施經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行具有較大的經(jīng)濟(jì)應(yīng)用價(jià)值,實(shí)現(xiàn)配電變壓器的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行能夠降低供電部門(mén)的維護(hù)成本,降低工廠的生產(chǎn)成本,達(dá)到節(jié)能減排目的�；谂潆娮儔浩鞴�(jié)能空間較大及自動(dòng)化程度低的原因,本文把配電網(wǎng)末端的雙繞組變壓器作為主要研究對(duì)象,對(duì)如何降低配電變壓器運(yùn)行中的損耗實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行以及如何確定經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的投切時(shí)機(jī)做出了分析,通過(guò)實(shí)例計(jì)算說(shuō)明配電網(wǎng)變壓器實(shí)行經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的節(jié)能效果。因配電網(wǎng)端變壓器數(shù)量大、分布廣,如果用人工手動(dòng)進(jìn)行變壓器經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行方式的切換,將耗費(fèi)巨大的人力和時(shí)間,因此本文開(kāi)發(fā)了變壓器經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行自動(dòng)投切裝置,進(jìn)行變壓器的自動(dòng)投切,對(duì)提高配電變壓器自動(dòng)化程度、推進(jìn)配電變壓器實(shí)行經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行有重要意義。本文的具體研究?jī)?nèi)容是：1.結(jié)合負(fù)荷曲線,由不同運(yùn)行方式的變壓器損耗曲線交點(diǎn)劃分出變壓器初始運(yùn)行區(qū)段。運(yùn)用模糊決策法,綜合考慮各初始運(yùn)行區(qū)間時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度以及節(jié)電量因素的影響,計(jì)算出各個(gè)運(yùn)行區(qū)段的優(yōu)度值,并進(jìn)行排序。不斷去除優(yōu)度值小的運(yùn)行區(qū)段,直到達(dá)到變壓器投切次數(shù)要求,得出變壓器最優(yōu)的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行方式及投切點(diǎn)。2.根據(jù)負(fù)荷曲線,按照一定的規(guī)則,劃分出負(fù)荷的變化趨勢(shì)區(qū)間。利用時(shí)段控制法將模糊決策法得出的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行投切點(diǎn)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),將原經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行投切固定點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換成投切時(shí)間段,降低投切時(shí)刻對(duì)負(fù)荷曲線的依賴度,使其更適應(yīng)實(shí)際負(fù)荷曲線,更具靈活性。3.以某小區(qū)和工廠實(shí)際負(fù)荷情況做算例,用上述決策方法對(duì)并列運(yùn)行和分列運(yùn)行的變壓器進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行分析,得出其最優(yōu)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行方式。算例分析結(jié)果表明,上述經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行投切決策方法,能夠有據(jù)降低變壓器的投切次數(shù),追求較大節(jié)電效益。變壓器實(shí)行經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行能有效減小變壓器損耗,降低企業(yè)的用電生產(chǎn)成本。4.開(kāi)發(fā)了以DSP2812為核心控制的自動(dòng)投切裝置,裝置對(duì)于分列和并列運(yùn)行變壓器經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行均適用,能夠自動(dòng)控制變壓器的投切,使變壓器處于經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。裝置中加入了涌流抑制功能,抑制空投變壓器的勵(lì)磁涌流,使變壓器經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行更加可行。論文給出了裝置的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)及自動(dòng)投切運(yùn)行算法。用樣機(jī)進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)了預(yù)期功能。
[Abstract]:In the power system, transformer is one of the indispensable electrical equipment, its total capacity far exceeds the total capacity of the generator, and the power loss accounts for a large part of the network loss of the power system. Therefore, whether the utilization mode of transformer is economical or not directly affects the size of power loss. Distribution transformer is the terminal transformer of power grid, which has the advantages of large number, low degree of automation, large loss in uneconomical operation, and its economic operation has great economic application value. The economic operation of distribution transformer can reduce the maintenance cost of power supply department, reduce the production cost of factory, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. Based on the reason of large energy saving space and low automation degree of distribution transformer, this paper takes the double winding transformer at the end of distribution network as the main research object. This paper analyzes how to reduce the loss in the operation of distribution transformer to realize the economic operation and how to determine the switching time of the economic operation, and illustrates the energy saving effect of the economic operation of the distribution network transformer through an example calculation. Because of the large number and wide distribution of transformers at the end of the distribution network, it will take a lot of manpower and time to switch the economical operation mode of the transformer manually, so this paper develops an automatic switching device for the economic operation of the transformer. Automatic switching and switching of transformers is of great significance to improve the degree of automation of distribution transformers and promote the economic operation of distribution transformers. The specific research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Combined with the load curve, the initial operation section of the transformer is divided by the intersection point of the transformer loss curve of different operation modes. By using the fuzzy decision method, considering the influence of the time length of each initial operation interval and the power saving factor, the optimal values of each operation section are calculated and sorted. The operation section with small excellent value is constantly removed until the requirements of transformer switching times are met, and the optimal economic operation mode and switching point of transformer are obtained. 2. According to the load curve and certain rules, the changing trend interval of load is divided. The period control method is used to improve the investment point of economic operation obtained by fuzzy decision method, and the fixed point of the original economic operation is converted into the switching time period, so as to reduce the dependence of the switching time on the load curve and make it more suitable for the actual load curve. More flexible. 3. Taking the actual load of a district and factory as an example, the economic operation of transformers running side by side and running separately is analyzed by using the above decision method, and the optimal economic operation mode is obtained. The results of example analysis show that the above economic operation switching decision method can reduce the switching times of transformers and pursue greater power saving benefits. The economical operation of transformer can effectively reduce the loss of transformer and reduce the cost of power consumption in enterprises. 4. An automatic switching device with DSP2812 as the core control is developed. the device is suitable for the economic operation of the transformer in separate and parallel operation, and can automatically control the switching of the transformer and make the transformer in an economical operation state. The inrush current suppression function is added to the device to restrain the inrush current of the air drop transformer, which makes the economical operation of the transformer more feasible. In this paper, the hardware structure and automatic switching algorithm of the device are given. The prototype is used to carry out the test, and the test results show that the device realizes the expected function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM421
本文編號(hào)：2484409
[Abstract]:In the power system, transformer is one of the indispensable electrical equipment, its total capacity far exceeds the total capacity of the generator, and the power loss accounts for a large part of the network loss of the power system. Therefore, whether the utilization mode of transformer is economical or not directly affects the size of power loss. Distribution transformer is the terminal transformer of power grid, which has the advantages of large number, low degree of automation, large loss in uneconomical operation, and its economic operation has great economic application value. The economic operation of distribution transformer can reduce the maintenance cost of power supply department, reduce the production cost of factory, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. Based on the reason of large energy saving space and low automation degree of distribution transformer, this paper takes the double winding transformer at the end of distribution network as the main research object. This paper analyzes how to reduce the loss in the operation of distribution transformer to realize the economic operation and how to determine the switching time of the economic operation, and illustrates the energy saving effect of the economic operation of the distribution network transformer through an example calculation. Because of the large number and wide distribution of transformers at the end of the distribution network, it will take a lot of manpower and time to switch the economical operation mode of the transformer manually, so this paper develops an automatic switching device for the economic operation of the transformer. Automatic switching and switching of transformers is of great significance to improve the degree of automation of distribution transformers and promote the economic operation of distribution transformers. The specific research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Combined with the load curve, the initial operation section of the transformer is divided by the intersection point of the transformer loss curve of different operation modes. By using the fuzzy decision method, considering the influence of the time length of each initial operation interval and the power saving factor, the optimal values of each operation section are calculated and sorted. The operation section with small excellent value is constantly removed until the requirements of transformer switching times are met, and the optimal economic operation mode and switching point of transformer are obtained. 2. According to the load curve and certain rules, the changing trend interval of load is divided. The period control method is used to improve the investment point of economic operation obtained by fuzzy decision method, and the fixed point of the original economic operation is converted into the switching time period, so as to reduce the dependence of the switching time on the load curve and make it more suitable for the actual load curve. More flexible. 3. Taking the actual load of a district and factory as an example, the economic operation of transformers running side by side and running separately is analyzed by using the above decision method, and the optimal economic operation mode is obtained. The results of example analysis show that the above economic operation switching decision method can reduce the switching times of transformers and pursue greater power saving benefits. The economical operation of transformer can effectively reduce the loss of transformer and reduce the cost of power consumption in enterprises. 4. An automatic switching device with DSP2812 as the core control is developed. the device is suitable for the economic operation of the transformer in separate and parallel operation, and can automatically control the switching of the transformer and make the transformer in an economical operation state. The inrush current suppression function is added to the device to restrain the inrush current of the air drop transformer, which makes the economical operation of the transformer more feasible. In this paper, the hardware structure and automatic switching algorithm of the device are given. The prototype is used to carry out the test, and the test results show that the device realizes the expected function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM421
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 侯元文;張青峰;;變壓器經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在變電站的實(shí)踐[J];電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)與控制;2010年10期
2 陳舉忠,蔣和中;兩回專用供電線路的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行[J];節(jié)能;2000年06期
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