【摘要】：在GIS開關觸頭溫度監(jiān)測領域應用方法中,無線測溫存在電池維護的問題,且存在電池安全隱患；紅外溫度監(jiān)測技術對GIS腔體改造大,部分區(qū)域光路被阻不能直接監(jiān)測；光纖光柵溫度監(jiān)測技術布線困難,且存在閃絡風險。與傳統(tǒng)的溫度監(jiān)測技術相比,聲表面波(Surface Acoustic Wave, SAW)溫度監(jiān)測技術具有絕緣性能好、抗電磁干擾能力強、無線信號傳輸、不需要現(xiàn)場電源等優(yōu)點,可以廣泛應用于GIS開關觸頭溫度狀態(tài)監(jiān)測領域。本文首先對聲表面波的測量原理進行了分析。研究了聲表面波的芯片制造方法,使用YX-石英為壓電材料的聲表面波諧振器。探索了制作工藝對聲表面波器件性能的影響,掌握了聲表面波芯片的甄選方法,提高了器件的溫度測量穩(wěn)定性。研究了振動對聲表面波溫度傳感器檢測結(jié)果的影響,結(jié)果表明GIS內(nèi)振動主要頻段低于聲表面波信號檢測頻段,振動不會對檢測產(chǎn)生影響。開展了傳輸路徑對聲表面波溫度傳感器測量的影響研究,分析了聲表面波信號頻段在GIS內(nèi)部不同結(jié)構(gòu)中的衰減,提出了將讀寫器天線預埋入GIS腔體實現(xiàn)聲表面波信號導入GIS的方法。根據(jù)GIS的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)和絕緣要求,設計了高增益低損耗的環(huán)形聲表面波溫度傳感器。該傳感器安裝在靠近觸頭的導桿上,直接測量該導桿溫度,利用傳熱學模型仿真計算獲得觸頭溫度和導桿溫度的定量關系,間接獲得GIS觸頭部位的溫度。設計了高性能讀寫器側(cè)天線,該天線具有全向性、高增益、寬頻帶的優(yōu)點,保證了安裝在腔體內(nèi)的傳感器與腔體外的檢測系統(tǒng)通訊,在不需要檢測聲表面波溫度信號的時候,該天線還可以作為局放天線使用。設計了讀寫器模塊,讀寫器采用混頻的方式發(fā)射間歇正弦激勵信號,對回波信號進行一次變頻處理獲得下變頻信號�；贚ab VIEW設計了GIS觸頭溫度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)軟件,軟件利用傳感器標定結(jié)果將下變頻信號轉(zhuǎn)化為溫度信息。通過有限積分法,研究了GIS內(nèi)電磁波信號的傳播特性,證實了聲表面波溫度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的測量準確性。設計了讀寫器硬件濾波電路,提高了系統(tǒng)的抗干擾性能。為了檢驗所研制的傳感器的工作性能,在實驗室中對傳感器進行了靜態(tài)性能試驗。試驗結(jié)果顯示：溫度在0℃～100℃范圍內(nèi)變化時,聲表面波溫度傳感器的非線性誤差為0.98%,靈敏度為7.072kHz/℃,傳感器遲滯誤差為2.1%,傳感器精度為2.49%,最高響應速度為1.7℃/s。為了檢驗實際工況中傳感器的工作性能,對聲表面波溫度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)進行了溫度試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明,在惡劣的電磁環(huán)境下,聲表面波溫度傳感器工作正常,性能并未受電磁環(huán)境的影響而降低,通過聲表面波傳感器測量結(jié)果可以獲得GIS開關觸頭的溫度變化。
[Abstract]:In the field of GIS switch contact temperature monitoring, wireless temperature measurement has battery maintenance problems and hidden dangers of battery safety, infrared temperature monitoring technology has a large transformation of GIS cavity, some areas of optical path can not be directly monitored. Fiber grating temperature monitoring technology is difficult to route and flashover risk. Compared with the traditional temperature monitoring technology, saw (Surface Acoustic Wave, SAW) temperature monitoring technology has the advantages of good insulation performance, strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, wireless signal transmission, no need for field power supply and so on. It can be widely used in the field of GIS switch contact temperature condition monitoring. In this paper, the measuring principle of surface acoustic wave is analyzed. The fabrication method of saw chip is studied. YX- quartz is used as piezoelectric saw resonator. The influence of fabrication process on the performance of saw devices is explored, the selection method of saw chips is mastered, and the stability of temperature measurement is improved. The effect of vibration on the detection results of saw temperature sensor is studied. the results show that the main frequency band of vibration in GIS is lower than that of saw signal, and the vibration has no effect on the detection. The influence of transmission path on the measurement of saw temperature sensor is studied, and the attenuation of saw signal band in different structures of GIS is analyzed. A method of introducing saw signal into GIS by embedding reader antenna into GIS cavity is proposed. According to the special structure and insulation requirements of GIS, a annular saw temperature sensor with high gain and low loss is designed. The sensor is installed on the guide rod near the contact, and the temperature of the guide rod is measured directly. The quantitative relationship between the contact temperature and the guide rod temperature is obtained by using the heat transfer model, and the temperature of the GIS contact is obtained indirectly. A high performance read and write side antenna is designed, which has the advantages of omnidirectivity, high gain and wide band, which ensures the communication between the sensor installed in the cavity and the detection system in vitro, when there is no need to detect the surface acoustic wave temperature signal. The antenna can also be used as a local antenna. The reader module is designed. The reader transmits the intermittent sinusoidal excitation signal by mixing, and carries on the one frequency conversion processing to the echo signal to obtain the down conversion signal. Based on Lab VIEW, the software of GIS contact temperature monitoring system is designed. The software converts the down conversion signal into temperature information by using the calibration results of the sensor. The propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave signal in GIS are studied by finite integration method, and the measurement accuracy of saw temperature monitoring system is verified. The hardware filter circuit of the reader is designed to improve the anti-interference performance of the system. In order to test the working performance of the sensor, the static performance test of the sensor was carried out in the laboratory. The experimental results show that when the temperature varies from 0 鈩，

本文編號：2482763