【摘要】：隨著能源環(huán)境問題的加劇,各種開發(fā)新能源的項目正在如火如荼的開展進行中,將超級電容應用于城市公共交通就是其中的一個方面。城市公共交通對于城市的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展起著重要的作用,大量人流選擇公共交通不僅會減輕城市交通的擁堵情況,而且選擇公共交通對于城市環(huán)境的改善也有巨大的好處。今年,各地頻發(fā)霧霾天氣,主要原因之一就是私家車太多,城市空氣受到汽車尾氣的嚴重污染。本文結合實驗室具體項目,研究內容包括車載超級電容儲能系統(tǒng)應用的兩個方面：超級電容公交車與超級電容輕軌。 由于超級電容公交車的充電容量不是很大,且對其充電引起的電網(wǎng)影響也不大,可采用12脈動整流+斬波變換器的充電裝置,該充電裝置基本可以滿足功率因數(shù)和諧波要求；根據(jù)浙江某城市交通運輸公司提供的數(shù)據(jù),在PSCAD中建立了充電裝置的模型算例,并對超級電容公交車充電裝置充電引起的電能質量問題進行了分析評估,分析指標包括諧波、波動與閃變、電壓偏差、頻率偏差等。為了進一步減小充電裝置對電網(wǎng)的諧波影響,獲得更高的功率因數(shù),適應傳輸大功率(比如800kW)的要求,結合與中鐵集團的實際項目所提供的數(shù)據(jù),提出了基于三相PWM變流器+并聯(lián)型斬波變換器的充電拓撲裝置。文中主要是對超級電容輕軌充電裝置的主電路拓撲進行數(shù)學模型分析和參數(shù)設計。然后在PSCAD中建立了適合仿真研究的充電裝置模型,對由其引起的電網(wǎng)影響進行分析研究,并對整個裝置的效率進行了簡單分析計算。 將十二脈動整流器和PWM整流器應用在車載充電裝置上,可以降低充電裝置對電網(wǎng)的諧波影響,提高整個裝置的功率因素。本文對大容量車載超級電容充電裝置的研究對于實際項目的開展具有一定的指導意義。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of energy and environment problems, a variety of projects to develop new energy are in full swing, and the application of supercapacitors in urban public transport is one of them. Urban public transport plays an important role in the stable development of the city. The choice of public transport by a large number of people will not only reduce the congestion of urban traffic, but also have great benefits to the improvement of urban environment. This year, one of the main reasons for the frequent haze weather is that there are too many private cars and the air in the city is seriously polluted by car exhaust. Combined with the laboratory project, the research content of this paper includes two aspects of the application of supercapacitor energy storage system: supercapacitor bus and supercapacitor light rail. Because the charging capacity of supercapacitor bus is not very large, and the influence on the power grid caused by its charging is not great, the charging device of 12 pulsating rectifier chopper converter can be used, which can basically meet the requirements of power factor and harmonics. According to the data provided by a city transportation company in Zhejiang Province, a model example of charging device is established in PSCAD, and the power quality problems caused by charging of supercapacitor bus charging device are analyzed and evaluated, including harmonics. Fluctuation and flicker, voltage deviation, frequency deviation, etc. In order to further reduce the harmonic influence of the charging device on the power grid, obtain a higher power factor, adapt to the requirements of high power transmission (such as 800kW), combined with the data provided by the actual project of the China Railway Group, A charging topology device based on three-phase PWM converter parallel chopper converter is proposed. In this paper, the main circuit topology of supercapacitor light rail charging device is analyzed by mathematical model and parameter design. Then a charging device model suitable for simulation research is established in PSCAD, the influence of the power grid caused by it is analyzed and studied, and the efficiency of the whole device is simply analyzed and calculated. The application of twelve pulsating rectifier and PWM rectifier to the on-board charging device can reduce the harmonic influence of the charging device on the power grid and improve the power factor of the whole device. In this paper, the research of large capacity vehicle supercapacitor charging device has certain guiding significance for the development of practical projects.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17;TM910.6

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