【摘要】：近年,傳統(tǒng)能源危機使得新能源入網(wǎng)容量不斷攀升,新能源的波動特性給系統(tǒng)帶來了一系列新的挑戰(zhàn),尤其是在系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定方面的問題更加突出�？紤]到風力發(fā)電、光伏發(fā)電的自然特性存在互補性,故利用風光混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)能夠有效的降低風力發(fā)電、光伏發(fā)電等系統(tǒng)獨立供電時的功率波動性。為了進一步降低新能源并網(wǎng)對系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的影響,一般通過儲能裝置實現(xiàn)對混合系統(tǒng)的功率調(diào)節(jié),進而風光混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)又可稱為風光儲混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。然而在實際的電力系統(tǒng)調(diào)度操作過程中,只有將混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)納入電網(wǎng)的調(diào)度系統(tǒng)中,并按照調(diào)度中心下發(fā)的調(diào)度指令對外送功率實現(xiàn)控制,才是大型風光儲混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)安全并網(wǎng)運行的趨勢。 為了提高風光儲混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)外送功率的穩(wěn)定性,本文主要進行了以下幾方面的工作： 1.在不同的時間尺度上分別分析了確定裝機容量下風力發(fā)電、光伏發(fā)電的發(fā)電特親,如按月份及按小時機組發(fā)電量的漲落； 2.分別對風力發(fā)電、光伏發(fā)電的功率特性進行深入研究,尤其是對光伏發(fā)電的傾斜角進行了優(yōu)化,對比了光伏發(fā)電不同傾斜角對混合系統(tǒng)的影響； 3.分別以年和天為周期,分析混合系統(tǒng)風、光不同容量配比時的互補效果,優(yōu)化出出風光容量的最佳配比值,在此基礎(chǔ)上,進一步考慮不同容量的儲能電池對風光儲混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的影響。 本文建立了以維持風、光發(fā)電機當前狀態(tài)不變?yōu)閮?yōu)化目標,以調(diào)度系統(tǒng)下發(fā)指令、國標規(guī)定的最小輸出功率為限制、風力發(fā)電優(yōu)先等為約束條件。本文所提策略具有以下兩點創(chuàng)新：第一,將新能源機組及系統(tǒng)測的預測功率信息加入到分配策略中；第二,在分配策略中考慮了新能源機組的狀態(tài)信息并對進行分類。 在上述控制策略的基礎(chǔ)上,本文分別分析了風力發(fā)電、光伏發(fā)電自身的特性,并搜索出光伏發(fā)電的最優(yōu)傾角,同時對本文所提的功率分配策略進行了仿真驗證,將仿真結(jié)果與平均分配策略所得仿真結(jié)果進行對比分析,結(jié)果表明,本文設(shè)計的分配策略,能夠有效地提供風光儲能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的發(fā)電效率,并且具有較小的誤差。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the traditional energy crisis has led to the rising capacity of new energy into the network, and the fluctuation characteristics of new energy have brought a series of new challenges to the system, especially in the aspect of system stability. Considering that the natural characteristics of photovoltaic power generation are complementary to wind power generation, wind-wind hybrid power generation system can effectively reduce the power volatility of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and other independent power supply systems. In order to further reduce the influence of new energy grid connection on the stability of the system, the power regulation of the hybrid system is generally realized through the energy storage device, and then the wind hybrid power generation system can also be called the wind storage hybrid power generation system. However, in the actual power system dispatching process, only the hybrid generation system is included in the dispatching system of the power grid, and according to the dispatching instructions issued by the dispatching center, the power is transmitted to the outside of the power system to achieve control. It is the trend of safe grid-connected operation of large-scale wind storage hybrid power generation system. In order to improve the stability of the outgoing power of the wind storage hybrid power generation system, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1. At different time scales, the special relatives of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation under fixed installed capacity are analyzed respectively, such as the fluctuation of power generation by month and hour; 2. The power characteristics of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are deeply studied, especially the tilt angle of photovoltaic power generation is optimized, and the effects of different tilt angles of photovoltaic power generation on the hybrid system are compared. 3. According to the period of year and day, the complementary effect of different wind and light capacity ratio of hybrid system is analyzed, and the optimum ratio of wind and light capacity is optimized. The influence of different capacity energy storage batteries on wind storage hybrid power generation system is further considered. In this paper, the minimum output power specified by the national standard is limited and the wind power generation priority is taken as the constraint condition to maintain the wind, the current state of the optical generator does not become the optimization goal, the dispatching system issues the instruction, the minimum output power specified by the national standard is limited, and the wind power generation priority is taken as the constraint condition. The strategy proposed in this paper has the following two innovations: first, the predicted power information measured by new energy units and systems is added to the distribution strategy; second, the state information of new energy units is considered and classified in the distribution strategy. On the basis of the above control strategy, this paper analyzes the characteristics of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, and finds out the optimal inclination angle of photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, the power allocation strategy proposed in this paper is simulated and verified. The simulation results are compared with the simulation results of the average distribution strategy. The results show that the distribution strategy designed in this paper can effectively provide the power generation efficiency of the wind energy storage power generation system, and has a small error.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM61

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