【摘要】：隨著人們環(huán)保意識(shí)的增強(qiáng)，風(fēng)能作為一種清潔的可再生能源，受到了世界各國的高度重視，風(fēng)力發(fā)電已成為各國能源發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的重要方向。隨著風(fēng)電穿透功率的急劇增加，風(fēng)力發(fā)電對(duì)地區(qū)電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性的影響不容忽視。雙饋感應(yīng)發(fā)電機(jī)以其調(diào)速范圍寬、有功和無功功率可獨(dú)立調(diào)節(jié)以及所需勵(lì)磁變流器容量較小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而成為主流機(jī)型。雙饋型風(fēng)電機(jī)組經(jīng)過背靠背雙PWM（Pulse WidthModulation，PWM）變流器跟電網(wǎng)相連，，由于雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的機(jī)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，當(dāng)電網(wǎng)電壓跌落時(shí)，風(fēng)電機(jī)組脫網(wǎng)運(yùn)行會(huì)對(duì)電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定性造成嚴(yán)重影響。因此，低電壓穿越技術(shù)的研究成為熱點(diǎn)問題，勢(shì)必對(duì)電網(wǎng)短路故障下雙饋機(jī)組不間斷運(yùn)行能力進(jìn)行深入研究。 本文以變速恒頻雙饋感應(yīng)發(fā)電機(jī)組為對(duì)象展開研究。首先，分析了雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行特性及相關(guān)控制原理，介紹了網(wǎng)側(cè)PWM變流器的矢量控制策略；其次，針對(duì)電網(wǎng)發(fā)生三相短路故障，機(jī)端電壓跌落時(shí)雙饋感應(yīng)電機(jī)的暫態(tài)過程進(jìn)行了分析；然后，詳細(xì)介紹了對(duì)電壓大值跌落最有效的低電壓穿越方法--轉(zhuǎn)子Crowbar電路。細(xì)致列出了各國電網(wǎng)對(duì)風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)的要求，針對(duì)Crowbar保護(hù)，講述了其運(yùn)行原理，并對(duì)其電阻阻值進(jìn)行了整定。仿真分析了Crowbar保護(hù)電阻阻值不同和切除時(shí)間不同對(duì)機(jī)組低電壓穿越的影響，結(jié)果表明，在合理的取值范圍內(nèi)，Crowbar的取值越大，對(duì)機(jī)組的低電壓穿越性能越好；Crowbar保護(hù)在故障切除一個(gè)周波后退出運(yùn)行，對(duì)機(jī)組的低電壓穿越性能越好；最后，根據(jù)Crowbar保護(hù)投入后網(wǎng)側(cè)變流器的不同運(yùn)行方式，制定了網(wǎng)側(cè)變流器低電壓穿越的控制方法，并與Crowbar保護(hù)相結(jié)合，提出了低電壓穿越的協(xié)調(diào)控制策略，通過仿真對(duì)其可行性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, wind energy, as a clean and renewable energy, has been paid great attention by many countries in the world. Wind power generation has become an important direction of energy development strategy in all countries. With the rapid increase of the penetration power of wind power, the influence of wind power generation on the stability of regional power grid should not be ignored. Doubly-fed induction generator has become the mainstream model because of its wide range of speed regulation, independent regulation of active and reactive power and small capacity of excitation converter. The double-fed wind turbine is connected to the grid through the back-to-back dual-PWM (Pulse WidthModulation,PWM converter. Due to the characteristics of the doubly-fed wind turbine, when the grid voltage drops, the off-grid operation of the wind turbine will have a serious impact on the stability of the grid. Therefore, the research of low-voltage traversal technology has become a hot issue, and it is bound to carry on in-depth research on the uninterrupted operation capability of doubly-fed units under short-circuit fault in power network. In this paper, the variable-speed constant-frequency doubly-fed induction generator set is studied. Firstly, the operation characteristics and related control principle of doubly-fed wind turbine are analyzed, and the vector control strategy of PWM converter on the network side is introduced. Secondly, the transient process of doubly-fed induction machine is analyzed when there is a three-phase short circuit fault in the power network, and then the rotor Crowbar circuit, which is the most effective low voltage traversal method for large voltage sag, is introduced in detail. The requirements of wind power grid in various countries are listed in detail. According to the Crowbar protection, the operation principle is described, and the resistance value of the wind power grid is adjusted. The influence of different resistance value of Crowbar protection and different cutting time on the low voltage traversal of the unit is analyzed by simulation. The results show that the larger the value of Crowbar is, the better the low voltage traversal performance of the unit is. The better the low voltage traversal performance of the unit is, the better the Crowbar protection will be when the fault is removed after a cycle of fault is removed from operation. Finally, according to the different operation modes of the grid-side converter after the Crowbar protection is put into operation, the control method of the low-voltage traversal of the network-side converter is formulated, and combined with the Crowbar protection, the coordinated control strategy of the low-voltage traversal is put forward. The feasibility of this method is verified by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM614

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