發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-17 21:10

【摘要】：自2003年《可再生能源法》頒布以來，我國生物質(zhì)發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)過近十年的持續(xù)發(fā)展已取得了顯著成績，但是，由于生產(chǎn)技術(shù)不發(fā)達(dá)，生產(chǎn)效率低下等原因，生物質(zhì)電廠燃料需求量大。電廠燃料料倉存儲容量有限，為了保證燃料的正常供應(yīng)，電廠一般在周邊建設(shè)收購站收集和存儲一定的生物質(zhì)燃料。電廠每日按照生產(chǎn)和內(nèi)部庫存需求從收購站調(diào)配一定數(shù)量的生物質(zhì)進(jìn)廠。電廠的平穩(wěn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行有賴于生物質(zhì)燃料的及時(shí)、安全運(yùn)輸。但是，目前國內(nèi)在生物質(zhì)電廠燃料物流運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃方面的研究和實(shí)踐大多都以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主，并沒有系統(tǒng)的解決由誰來運(yùn)、怎樣運(yùn)輸?shù)膯栴}。國外一般采用大規(guī)模批量運(yùn)輸?shù)姆绞�，與我國實(shí)際情況不符，雖然具有一定的借鑒意義，但不能完全應(yīng)用到我國生物質(zhì)電廠中去。為此，本文根據(jù)我國生物質(zhì)電廠燃料實(shí)際物流運(yùn)輸情況，建立了一套完整的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃模型。 首先，在分析電廠現(xiàn)有物流運(yùn)輸服務(wù)模式——自營運(yùn)輸和外包運(yùn)輸——的基礎(chǔ)上，考慮到電廠存在燃料生物質(zhì)旺季和淡季運(yùn)輸任務(wù)量不同的情況，提出采用自營運(yùn)輸與外包運(yùn)輸相結(jié)合的運(yùn)輸方式。利用成本凈現(xiàn)值分析法，從電廠長期資金使用角度，比較不同運(yùn)輸服務(wù)模式下成本凈現(xiàn)值的大小，選擇成本凈現(xiàn)值最低的運(yùn)輸服務(wù)模式。 其次，針對生物質(zhì)收購站-電廠之間運(yùn)輸?shù)缆肪W(wǎng)絡(luò)的多種可選擇性，構(gòu)建多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃模型，綜合考慮成本和時(shí)間因素對運(yùn)輸路線選擇的影響，得到最優(yōu)運(yùn)輸路線。 再次，在確定電廠運(yùn)輸服務(wù)模式和運(yùn)輸路線的基礎(chǔ)上，構(gòu)建電廠物流運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)Extendsim仿真模型，模擬收購站-電廠燃料物流運(yùn)輸流程，以可變物流成本最低為目標(biāo)，優(yōu)化收購站和電廠廠內(nèi)物流設(shè)備配置和車輛調(diào)度，使設(shè)備和車輛達(dá)到最優(yōu)的配合。 最后，以某2*12MW的生物質(zhì)電廠為例進(jìn)行運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃實(shí)證研究。利用成本凈現(xiàn)值分析得出淡季自營運(yùn)輸，，旺季自營運(yùn)輸和完全外包運(yùn)輸相結(jié)合的運(yùn)輸服務(wù)模式。以自營運(yùn)輸和完全外包運(yùn)輸時(shí)的可變物流成本最低為目標(biāo)，求得淡季和旺季時(shí)收購站和電廠最優(yōu)的設(shè)備配置和車輛調(diào)度方案，分別將淡季和旺季時(shí)的可變物流成本減少了7.22%和2.32%。
[Abstract]:Since the promulgation of the Renewable Energy Law in 2003, the biomass power generation industry in China has achieved remarkable achievements after nearly ten years of sustainable development. However, due to the underdeveloped production technology and the low production efficiency, the biomass power generation industry in China has achieved remarkable achievements in the past ten years. Biomass power plants require a great deal of fuel. The storage capacity of fuel silos in power plants is limited. In order to ensure the normal supply of fuel, the power plants usually build and purchase stations to collect and store a certain amount of biomass fuel. Plant daily according to production and internal inventory requirements from the acquisition station to deploy a certain amount of biomass into the plant. The stable and economical operation of the power plant depends on the timely and safe transportation of biomass fuel. However, at present, most of the domestic research and practice on the fuel logistics and transportation system planning of biomass power plants are mainly based on experience, and there is no systematic solution to the problem of who will transport it and how to transport it. Large-scale bulk transportation is generally adopted in foreign countries, which is not in conformity with the actual situation in China. Although it has certain reference significance, it can not be fully applied to biomass power plants in China. Therefore, according to the actual logistics and transportation situation of biomass power plant fuel in China, a complete transportation system planning model is established in this paper. First, on the basis of an analysis of the existing modes of logistics and transportation services for power plants-self-employed and outsourced-and taking into account the existence of fuel, biomass, peak and off-season transport tasks in power plants, The combination of self-service transportation and outsourcing transportation is put forward. Based on the analysis of cost net present value (NPV), this paper compares the size of NPV under different transport service modes from the point of view of long-term capital use in power plants, and selects the transport service mode with lowest NPV. Secondly, a multi-objective programming model is constructed for the multiple options of transportation road network between biomass acquisition stations and power plants. The optimal transportation route is obtained by considering the influence of cost and time factors on the transportation route selection, and the optimal transportation route is obtained by considering the influence of the cost and time factors on the transportation route selection. Thirdly, on the basis of determining the transportation service mode and transportation route of the power plant, the Extendsim simulation model of the power plant logistics and transportation system is constructed to simulate the fuel logistics transportation process from the acquisition station to the power plant, aiming at the lowest variable logistics cost. Optimize the distribution of logistics equipment and vehicle scheduling in purchase stations and power plants to achieve optimal coordination between equipment and vehicles. Finally, taking a biomass power plant of 2*12MW as an example, an empirical study on transportation system planning is carried out. Based on the analysis of net present value (NPV) of cost, the mode of transportation service combined with off-season self-service transportation, peak season self-service transport and fully outsourced transportation is obtained. Aiming at the lowest variable logistics cost for self-service transportation and fully outsourced transportation, the optimal equipment configuration and vehicle scheduling scheme for acquisition stations and power plants in off-season and peak season are obtained. Variable logistics costs during the off-season and peak seasons were reduced by 7.22% and 2.32%, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM619

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本文編號：2459790