【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會隨著汽車上各種電力負(fù)載的不斷增長以及人們對汽車智能化、舒適性所提出來的越來越高要求,汽車的綜合性能就顯得至關(guān)重要。由于爪極式發(fā)電機具有重量輕、體積小等特點,因此通過其與蓄電池并聯(lián)而被廣泛應(yīng)用于汽車電源供電系統(tǒng),但是也正是由于此電機轉(zhuǎn)子采用爪極這種特殊結(jié)構(gòu),同時伴隨著電機材料、結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)工藝等方面存在的諸多問題,目前限制爪極發(fā)電機發(fā)展的地方主要有：漏磁大,輸出效率較低、中低轉(zhuǎn)速下電磁噪聲較大。因此對爪極發(fā)電機內(nèi)部電磁場進行合理分析,同時采用理論計算與有限元相結(jié)合的方法求解電機氣隙中徑向電磁力,并對造成本課題中電機電磁噪聲的36階次徑向電磁力進行了具體計算,本課題研究對提高爪極發(fā)電機綜合性能提供一定的理論參考。 本文采用三維有限元分析軟件Ansoft通過前處理、模型仿真、后處理等操作,對某型號爪極發(fā)電機三維靜態(tài)場和瞬態(tài)場進行電磁建模,通過有限元計算方法對電機內(nèi)部磁場進行了細(xì)致的研究與分析,并重點分析了該電機額定轉(zhuǎn)速下空載與負(fù)載情況下的內(nèi)部磁場,考慮電樞反應(yīng)對電機磁場作用,同時研究了定子高度,氣隙長度,爪極尖部厚度與寬度和爪極根部厚度和寬度等結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對爪極式發(fā)電機輸出性能的影響規(guī)律,為爪極電機性能提高提供理論參考。 最后,通過磁勢乘磁導(dǎo)法計算了公司某型號爪極式發(fā)電機3000rpm下氣隙中徑向電磁力波幅值,重點求解了36階力波,此階力波是爪極產(chǎn)生同步電機電磁噪聲的主要因素；并采用時步有限元法對該徑向電磁力波進行了求解,理論計算的準(zhǔn)確性得到驗證,噪聲實驗結(jié)果也證明了此計算方法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:In modern society, with the increasing of all kinds of electric loads and the higher and higher requirements for intelligent and comfortable automobile, the comprehensive performance of automobile becomes more and more important. Because the claw pole generator has the characteristics of light weight and small volume, it is widely used in the automobile power supply system through its parallel connection with the battery, but it is precisely because the rotor of the motor adopts this special structure of claw pole. At the same time, with the problems of motor material, structure, production technology and so on, the development of claw-pole generator is restricted mainly by magnetic flux leakage, low output efficiency and high electromagnetic noise at low-and medium-speed. Therefore, the internal electromagnetic field of the claw-pole generator is analyzed reasonably, and the radial electromagnetic force in the air gap of the motor is solved by the combination of theoretical calculation and finite element method. The 36-order radial electromagnetic force which causes the electromagnetic noise of the motor in this subject is calculated in detail, which provides a theoretical reference for improving the comprehensive performance of the claw-pole generator. In this paper, three-dimensional finite element analysis software Ansoft is used to model three-dimensional static and transient fields of a claw-pole generator through pre-processing, model simulation, post-processing and so on. The internal magnetic field of the motor is studied and analyzed in detail by the finite element method, and the internal magnetic field under the rated speed of the motor and under the condition of the load is emphatically analyzed, and the effect of armature reaction on the magnetic field of the motor is considered. At the same time, the influence of stator height, air gap length, the thickness and width of claw pole tip and the thickness and width of claw pole root on the output performance of claw pole generator is studied, which provides a theoretical reference for improving the performance of claw pole generator. Finally, the amplitude of radial electromagnetic force wave in air gap under 3000rpm of a claw pole generator is calculated by using magnetic potential multiplying magnetic conductivity method, and 36 order force wave is solved emphatically. This order force wave is the main factor of generating electromagnetic noise of synchronous motor in claw pole. The time-stepping finite element method is used to solve the radial electromagnetic force wave. The accuracy of the theoretical calculation is verified. The noise experimental results also prove the reliability of the calculation method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM31

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