【摘要】：核電作為一項(xiàng)綠色能源，已經(jīng)被很多國(guó)家所利用，并且有著很廣闊的發(fā)展前景。同時(shí)，核電的安全問(wèn)題已經(jīng)引起了很多國(guó)家的廣泛關(guān)注。作為核電站動(dòng)力裝置中的重要設(shè)備，穩(wěn)壓器的作用是保證一回路的壓力在設(shè)定值附近，由此可知，核電站的安全性和穩(wěn)定性與穩(wěn)壓器是否正常運(yùn)行有著直接的關(guān)系。 穩(wěn)壓器是一個(gè)大時(shí)滯、非線性、時(shí)變、多干擾、大慣性的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)，，傳統(tǒng)PID控制器由于自身的局限性不能得到較好的控制效果，因此需要引入新型的控制器。自抗擾控制是韓京清研究員在非線性PID基礎(chǔ)上提出控制策略，其保留了PID控制器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，克服了PID控制精度低的缺陷。 本文首先在緒論中說(shuō)明了課題的選題背景、研究意義以及現(xiàn)代控制理論在穩(wěn)壓器控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀；然后詳細(xì)介紹了穩(wěn)壓器控制系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理，也總結(jié)了穩(wěn)壓器壓力水位控制中存在的問(wèn)題；在第三章系統(tǒng)地對(duì)自抗擾控制器的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和原理進(jìn)行了具體的闡述，還介紹了自抗擾控制器的高階擴(kuò)展和跨階次控制，同時(shí)，重點(diǎn)介紹了其參數(shù)的整定原則；第四章中在核電站仿真平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行穩(wěn)壓器壓力和水位的特性試驗(yàn)，利用系統(tǒng)辨識(shí)的知識(shí)擬合出壓力和水位的數(shù)學(xué)模型，建立了自抗擾控制器的Simulink模型，并將此方法應(yīng)用于穩(wěn)壓器壓力和水位的控制中；第五章中為了得到更好的控制效果和解決自抗擾控制器（Active DisturbancesRejection Controller, ADRC）參數(shù)整定耗時(shí)的問(wèn)題，著重研究了模糊控制、遺傳算法和滑�？刂�，將模糊、遺傳和滑�？刂品謩e應(yīng)用到ADRC中并進(jìn)行了部分改進(jìn)，最后通過(guò)仿真圖形的比較可知，控制效果得到了較好的改善。
[Abstract]:Nuclear power as a green energy, has been used by many countries, and has a very broad prospects for development. At the same time, the safety of nuclear power has attracted wide attention in many countries. As an important equipment in the power plant of nuclear power plant, the role of voltage regulator is to ensure that the pressure of the first loop is near the set value. Therefore, the safety and stability of the nuclear power plant have a direct relationship with the normal operation of the regulator. Voltage regulator is a complex system with large time-delay, nonlinear, time-varying, multi-disturbance and large inertia. Because of its own limitations, the traditional PID controller can not get a better control effect, so it is necessary to introduce a new type of controller. Auto-disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is a control strategy proposed by Han Jingqing on the basis of nonlinear PID. It retains the advantages of PID controller and overcomes the defect of low control precision of PID. In the introduction, the background of the topic selection, the significance of the research and the application of modern control theory in the voltage regulator control system are described in the introduction. Then the structure and working principle of the voltage regulator control system are introduced in detail, and the problems existing in the pressure and water level control of the regulator are also summarized. In the third chapter, the basic structure and principle of ADRC are systematically described, and the high-order expansion and cross-order control of ADRC are also introduced. At the same time, the tuning principle of ADRC parameters is emphasized. In chapter 4, the characteristics of pressure and water level of voltage regulator are tested on the simulation platform of nuclear power plant. The mathematical models of pressure and water level are fitted by the knowledge of system identification, and the Simulink model of ADRC is established. This method is applied to the pressure and water level control of voltage regulator. In chapter 5, in order to get better control effect and to solve the time-consuming problem of auto disturbance rejection controller (Active DisturbancesRejection Controller, ADRC) parameter setting, fuzzy control, genetic algorithm and sliding mode control are studied. Genetic control and sliding mode control are applied to ADRC, and some improvements are made. Finally, through the comparison of simulation graphics, the control effect is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電力學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM623

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