【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境污染及能源短缺的日益嚴(yán)重，世界各國越來越注重對可再生清潔能源的開發(fā)與利用，太陽能由于其分布廣泛、可以循環(huán)利用等特點(diǎn)得到廣泛應(yīng)用，，光伏發(fā)電作為太陽能利用的主要形式，也得到了快速發(fā)展。光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器作為光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的核心部件，其拓?fù)浼翱刂撇呗缘倪x擇對光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)各方面性能起到?jīng)Q定作用。 本文主要研究了兩級(jí)式單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的不同控制策略對光伏逆變系統(tǒng)的體積、效率和控制性能等方面的影響。論文首先分析了兩級(jí)式光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器傳統(tǒng)控制策略的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，在此基礎(chǔ)上對基于擾動(dòng)觀察法的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤算法參數(shù)的優(yōu)化選取展開了討論，并建立了采用電壓、電流雙閉環(huán)控制的系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型，為控制參數(shù)的優(yōu)化奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。其次，研究了一種新型的分時(shí)復(fù)合控制策略，對其入網(wǎng)電流控制部分建立了數(shù)學(xué)模型并進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)；同時(shí)，深入分析了光伏側(cè)電壓二次脈動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的原因及對應(yīng)抑制方法，提出一種基于分時(shí)復(fù)合控制策略的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤方法；分析了光伏陣列輸出電壓波動(dòng)對光伏電池利用率的影響，推導(dǎo)了端電壓波動(dòng)和光伏電池利用率之間內(nèi)在關(guān)系，并提出了電路主要儲(chǔ)能元件的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)方法。最后，介紹了損耗分析的基本原理和逆變電路開關(guān)器件損耗計(jì)算方法，并針對兩種控制策略分別進(jìn)行了損耗分析，從理論上比較了基于兩種控制策略的電路損耗分布情況及其對系統(tǒng)效率的影響。 本文在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下，搭建了兩級(jí)式光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器不同控制策略的仿真模型，在理論分析和仿真的基礎(chǔ)上，搭建了兩臺(tái)基于TMS320F2808型DSP的光伏并逆變器實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，對兩種控制策略的硬件和軟件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，通過硬件平臺(tái)對前文的理論分析和光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的各項(xiàng)基本功能開展了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：兩種控制策略均可以保證光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器正常工作；在相同功率等級(jí)下，分時(shí)復(fù)合控制策略比傳統(tǒng)控制策略損耗小、效率高，但是兩種控制策略的變換器體積并無明顯差別；同時(shí)，分時(shí)復(fù)合控制在實(shí)現(xiàn)容易程度、穩(wěn)定性及并網(wǎng)電流THD方面較傳統(tǒng)控制策略要差。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental pollution and energy shortage, more and more countries in the world pay more and more attention to the development and utilization of renewable clean energy. Solar energy is widely used because of its wide distribution and can be recycled. Photovoltaic power generation, as the main form of solar energy utilization, has also been rapidly developed. Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is the core component of photovoltaic power generation system. The choice of topology and control strategy plays a decisive role in the performance of photovoltaic power generation system. In this paper, the influence of different control strategies of two-stage single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter on the volume, efficiency and control performance of photovoltaic inverter system is studied. Based on the analysis of the traditional control strategy of the two-stage photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, the optimal selection of the parameters of the maximum power point tracking algorithm based on the disturbance observation method is discussed, and the voltage is established, which is based on the analysis of the traditional control strategy of the two-stage photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. The mathematical model of the current double closed loop control system lays a theoretical foundation for the optimization of the control parameters. Secondly, a new time-sharing compound control strategy is studied, and the mathematical model of the current control part is established and the optimization design is carried out. At the same time, the causes of the secondary voltage pulsation on the photovoltaic side and the corresponding suppression methods are deeply analyzed, and a maximum power point tracking method based on the time-sharing compound control strategy is proposed. The influence of output voltage fluctuation of photovoltaic array on the utilization efficiency of photovoltaic cells is analyzed. The intrinsic relationship between terminal voltage fluctuation and utilization ratio of photovoltaic cells is deduced. The parameter design method of the main energy storage elements in the circuit is proposed. Finally, the basic principle of loss analysis and the calculation method of switching device loss of inverter circuit are introduced, and the loss analysis of two control strategies are carried out respectively. The circuit loss distribution based on two control strategies and its influence on system efficiency are compared theoretically. In this paper, the simulation models of two-stage photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with different control strategies are built under the environment of MATLAB/Simulink. On the basis of theoretical analysis and simulation, two experimental platforms of photovoltaic parallel inverter based on TMS320F2808 DSP are built. The hardware and software of the two control strategies are designed. The theoretical analysis above and the basic functions of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter are verified by the hardware platform. The simulation and experimental results show that the two control strategies can ensure the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter to work normally. Under the same power level, the time-sharing compound control strategy has less loss and higher efficiency than the traditional control strategy, but there is no obvious difference in the converter volume between the two control strategies. At the same time, the time-sharing compound control is worse than the traditional control strategy in the aspects of the ease of realization, the stability and the grid-connected current THD.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM464

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