【摘要】：摘要：電網(wǎng)的安全穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行對國民生產(chǎn)生活具有重要意義。而隨著全球能源的短缺以及用電需求的日益增長,以傳統(tǒng)的集中式大型電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)的脆弱性日益凸現(xiàn),以大機(jī)組、大電網(wǎng)、高電壓為主要特征的電力系統(tǒng)已難以滿足現(xiàn)行用戶多樣化的供電需求和可靠性要求。鑒于以上問題,分布式發(fā)電受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。而微電網(wǎng)正是充分利用這些分布式能源的價值和效益,將儲能裝置、電力電子裝置、相關(guān)負(fù)荷和監(jiān)控保護(hù)匯集而成的一種微型發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。 相對傳統(tǒng)的集中式電力系統(tǒng),以電力電子裝置為接口的分布式電源(Distributed Generation, DG)是交流微電網(wǎng)的核心。當(dāng)微電網(wǎng)孤島運(yùn)行時,由于線路差異導(dǎo)致各DG與公共母線間的阻抗不等,造成各分布式電源輸出的無功功率不能均分,從而導(dǎo)致各DG單元產(chǎn)生無功環(huán)流,嚴(yán)重影響電能質(zhì)量和系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。因此,如何使負(fù)荷在各DG單元間合理的分配,成為微電網(wǎng)的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。而負(fù)荷功率均分取決于微電網(wǎng)的控制技術(shù)。因此,本文對交流微電網(wǎng)孤島運(yùn)行時,其并聯(lián)逆變器的有功和無功功率均分控制策略展開了研究,全文的主要工作可分為如下方面： (1)本文詳細(xì)分析了系統(tǒng)無功環(huán)流產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理和影響因素,并對比分析和研究了基于通信、基于下垂思想以及基于通信與下垂思想結(jié)合的三類交流微電網(wǎng)無功均分控制技術(shù)。 (2)論文在研究了下垂控制機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種改進(jìn)的下垂控制策略。該方法利用低帶寬通信獲取各微源的無功功率信息,自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)無功電壓下垂控制的電壓偏置,明顯地改善了微電網(wǎng)無功出力的分配精度。 (3)為了減少微電網(wǎng)的通信成本,本文提出了一種基于同步補(bǔ)償思想的無功／電壓下垂控制方法,在傳統(tǒng)的無功下垂控制基礎(chǔ)上適時地增加無功偏差補(bǔ)償項(xiàng)和電壓恢復(fù)補(bǔ)償項(xiàng),改善了無功出力分配精度的同時,提高了電壓質(zhì)量。 (4)針對本文提出的兩種控制策略,建立了MATLAB/simulink仿真平臺,并搭建了基于兩臺分布式微源并聯(lián)的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺,仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)均驗(yàn)證了上述兩種控制策略的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Abstract: the security and stability of power network and economic operation are of great significance to national production and life. And with the global energy shortage and the increasing demand for electricity, the fragility of the traditional centralized large-scale power network has become increasingly prominent, with large units and large power grids, The power system characterized by high voltage is difficult to meet the diversified requirements of power supply and reliability of current users. In view of the above problems, distributed power generation has been widely concerned. Micro-grid is a kind of micro-power generation system, which makes full use of the value and benefit of these distributed energy sources and combines energy storage devices, power electronics devices, related loads and monitoring protection to form a micro-power generation system. In contrast to the traditional centralized power system, the distributed power supply (Distributed Generation, DG) with power electronic device as the interface is the core of AC microgrid. When the microgrid islanding, the impedance between the DG and the common bus is different due to the line difference, and the output reactive power of the distributed power supply cannot be divided equally, which results in the reactive power circulation of each DG unit. It seriously affects the power quality and the stability of the system. Therefore, how to make the load reasonably distributed among the DG units has become one of the research hotspots in the microgrid. The load power sharing depends on the control technology of microgrid. Therefore, in this paper, the active power and reactive power sharing control strategy of the parallel inverter is studied when the isolated island AC microgrid is in operation. The main work of this paper can be divided into the following aspects: (1) in this paper, the mechanism and influencing factors of reactive circulation in the system are analyzed in detail, and the communication-based communication is compared and studied. Based on droop theory and combination of communication and droop, three kinds of reactive power sharing control techniques for AC microgrid are proposed. (2) based on the study of droop control mechanism, an improved droop control strategy is proposed. The method uses low bandwidth communication to obtain the reactive power information of each microsource, and adaptively adjusts the voltage bias of reactive voltage droop control, which greatly improves the distribution accuracy of reactive power output in microgrid. (3) in order to reduce the communication cost of microgrid, a reactive power / voltage droop control method based on synchronous compensation is proposed in this paper. On the basis of traditional control of reactive power droop, the compensation terms of reactive power deviation and voltage recovery are added timely, which improves the precision of reactive power distribution and the quality of voltage at the same time. (4) in view of the two control strategies proposed in this paper, a MATLAB/simulink simulation platform is established, and an experimental platform based on two distributed micro-sources in parallel is built. The effectiveness and feasibility of the two control strategies are verified by both simulation and experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM732

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