【摘要】：電化學(xué)電容器(ECs),作為一種新型的能量存儲轉(zhuǎn)化裝置,集高功率密度、長循環(huán)壽命、可以快速充放電及綠色環(huán)保等眾優(yōu)點于一身,擁有非常廣泛的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。電極材料作為核心部件之一對電化學(xué)電容器的性能具有重要的影響。目前,電化學(xué)電容器的電極材料可以分為三大類:碳材料,金屬氧化物材料和導(dǎo)電聚合物材料。本論文采用水熱合成法制備了錳摻雜鈷氧化物材料Mn-Co-O(Mn0.63Co2.37O4)和 CuxO/Cu(1x2)復(fù)合材料,并在 CuxO/Cu(1x2)的基礎(chǔ)上經(jīng)煅燒得到了 CuO材料,并將其作為電化學(xué)電容器電極材料進(jìn)行電化學(xué)性能研究。本論文采用SEM、TEM、XRD、XPS、EDS對所制備的材料進(jìn)行物相分析,利用循環(huán)伏安、交流阻抗、恒電流充放電對電極物質(zhì)進(jìn)行了電化學(xué)性能測試。本論文以不同比例(10:10、10:8、10:6、10:4、10:2和10:0)的錳源與鈷源為原料通過水熱合成法制備Mn-Co-O電極材料,并從中選出最佳的比例。實驗數(shù)據(jù)表明,當(dāng)錳源與鈷源的加入比為1:1時,所制備的電極材料為錳摻雜鈷氧化物納米材料,其中摩爾比Mn:Co=1:3.8,并且呈現(xiàn)出了相互交織的一維納米線狀結(jié)構(gòu),具有較高的電化學(xué)性能和電化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性。當(dāng)充放電電流密度為j=2.38A/g時,首次放電比容量為580 F/g,經(jīng)過10次充放電之后,放電比容量升高至611 F/g,經(jīng)過500次充放電后,容量保持率高達(dá)99%,電極材料表現(xiàn)出了較好的電化學(xué)性能和較高的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。本論文通過水熱合成法,以泡沫鎳作為基體,通過調(diào)節(jié)反應(yīng)時間(8 h、11 h、14 h和17 h)來制備出具有較高的電化學(xué)性能的CuxO/Cu(1x2)復(fù)合材料。實驗數(shù)據(jù)表明,當(dāng)反應(yīng)時間為14 h時所制備的復(fù)合材料為Cu20/CuO/Cu復(fù)合材料(為了簡便起見,以下Cu20/CuO用CuxO代替),其含量比為CuxO:Cu = 83:17,呈現(xiàn)出了立方體形貌,具有較高的電化學(xué)性能和電化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性。當(dāng)充放電電流密度為j=2.5 A/g時,放電比電容最高可達(dá)610 F/g,經(jīng)過500次恒流充放電后,比電容衰減至520 F/g,容量保持率僅有85%,經(jīng)分析該電極的容量衰減主要是由電極活性物質(zhì)的溶解及脫落引起的。在得到的CuxO/Cu(1x2)的基礎(chǔ)上,通過不同的煅燒溫度(200℃、300℃和400℃)煅燒240 min來得到CuO半導(dǎo)體材料。實驗數(shù)據(jù)表明,當(dāng)煅燒溫度為200℃和300℃時會得到純凈的CuO材料,并且200℃煅燒得到的CuO材料表現(xiàn)出了優(yōu)于300℃得到的CuO材料的電化學(xué)性能。實驗表明,在電流密度為2.13 A/g時CuO電極的放電比電容僅為198 F/g,經(jīng)過550次循環(huán)壽命測試發(fā)現(xiàn)其比電容最高可達(dá)213 F/g,最終維持在186 F/g左右,容量保持率為94%。經(jīng)分析容量的衰減主要是由電極活性物質(zhì)的溶解及脫落引起的。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy storage and conversion device, electrochemical capacitor (ECs), has many advantages, such as high power density, long cycle life, fast charge / discharge and environmental protection. It has a wide range of applications. As one of the core components, electrode materials play an important role in the performance of electrochemical capacitors. At present, the electrode materials of electrochemical capacitors can be divided into three categories: carbon materials, metal oxide materials and conductive polymer materials. In this paper, mn-doped cobalt oxide materials Mn-Co-O (Mn0.63Co2.37O4) and CuxO/Cu (1x2) composites were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and calcined on the basis of CuxO/Cu (1x2) to obtain CuO materials. It is used as electrode material of electrochemical capacitor to study its electrochemical performance. In this paper, the phase analysis of the prepared materials was carried out by SEM,TEM,XRD,XPS,EDS. The electrochemical properties of the electrode materials were tested by cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance and constant current charge / discharge. In this paper, Mn-Co-O electrode materials were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis from manganese and cobalt sources with different ratios (10 ~ 10, 10 ~ 8, 10 ~ (6) 6, 10 ~ (4), 10 ~ (2) and 10:0), from which the optimum proportion was selected. The experimental data show that when the addition ratio of manganese source to cobalt source is 1: 1, the electrode material prepared is mn-doped cobalt oxide nano-material, in which the molar ratio of Mn:Co=1:3.8, is one-dimensional nanowire structure, and the structure of the electrode is interlaced with one-dimensional nanowires. It has high electrochemical performance and electrochemical stability. When the current density of charge and discharge is j=2.38A/g, the specific discharge capacity of the first discharge is 580F / g. After 10 charge and discharge, the specific capacity of discharge is increased to 611F / g. After 500 charge and discharge, the capacity retention rate is as high as 99%. The electrode material exhibits good electrochemical performance and high cycle stability. In this paper, CuxO/Cu (1x2) composites with high electrochemical performance were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis using nickel foam as matrix and adjusting the reaction time (8 h, 11 h, 14 h and 17 h). The experimental data show that when the reaction time is 14 h, the composites are Cu20/CuO/Cu composites (for simplicity, the following Cu20/CuO is replaced by CuxO), and the content ratio of the composites is CuxO:Cu = 83 / 17, showing cubic morphology. It has high electrochemical performance and electrochemical stability. When the current density of charge and discharge is about 2.5 A / g, the specific capacitance of discharge can reach 610 F / g, and after 500 times of constant current charge and discharge, the specific capacitance decreases to 520 F / g, and the capacity retention rate is only 85%. The capacity attenuation of the electrode is mainly caused by the dissolution and shedding of the electrode active material. Based on the obtained CuxO/Cu (1x2), CuO semiconductor materials were obtained by calcining at different temperatures (200 鈩，

本文編號：2432841