【摘要】：風(fēng)電能源因其清潔、可再生的優(yōu)點(diǎn),具有很大的發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)。因?yàn)檩^佳的控制性能和經(jīng)濟(jì)性,雙饋機(jī)組在風(fēng)力發(fā)電中占有重要的地位。但雙饋風(fēng)機(jī)的故障穿越能力較弱,并且由于風(fēng)力的波動(dòng)性和隨機(jī)性導(dǎo)致風(fēng)機(jī)有功輸出波動(dòng)較大,直接并網(wǎng)會(huì)威脅電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定安全運(yùn)行,因此需要研究有效的技術(shù)平抑風(fēng)機(jī)的有功波動(dòng)。本文首先分析了雙饋式感應(yīng)發(fā)電機(jī)(Doubly Fed Induction Generator, DFIG)的基本運(yùn)行原理及換流器的控制策略,在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出將蓄電池-超級(jí)電容混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)(hybrid energy storage system, HESS)安裝在每一臺(tái)雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組的換流器直流母線上,控制]HESS進(jìn)行蓄能或放電,來(lái)平抑風(fēng)機(jī)的波動(dòng)功率。圍繞該方案,建立了蓄電池-超級(jí)電容和DC/DC換流器構(gòu)成的混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)拓?fù)?蓄電池組通過(guò)DC/DC換流器與超級(jí)電容并聯(lián),超級(jí)電容器組通過(guò)DC/DC換流器與直流母線相連；制定了儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)能量管理方案,即由超級(jí)電容通過(guò)DC/DC換流器負(fù)責(zé)與風(fēng)電機(jī)組的能量交換,蓄電池通過(guò)充放電控制超級(jí)電容工作在最優(yōu)的電壓范圍,DC/DC換流器采用互補(bǔ)PWM控制方式。通過(guò)PSCAD仿真,驗(yàn)證了混合儲(chǔ)能控制方案及控制策略的有效性。最后本文提出一種應(yīng)用于雙饋機(jī)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的雙層恒功率控制方案,高層的風(fēng)場(chǎng)監(jiān)視控制系統(tǒng)(wind farm supervisory controller, WFSC)根據(jù)發(fā)電計(jì)劃或調(diào)度需求為底層的每臺(tái)風(fēng)機(jī)控制器產(chǎn)生有功參考,底層風(fēng)機(jī)控制器調(diào)節(jié)每臺(tái)雙饋風(fēng)機(jī)輸出所需的有功功率,而風(fēng)機(jī)輸出的有功與所需有功之間的差額將由底層控制器控制儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)釋放或吸收。最后,在PSCAD中搭建5臺(tái)風(fēng)電機(jī)組構(gòu)成的風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型,通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了控制方案的可行性。
[Abstract]:Because of its clean and renewable advantages, wind power has a great advantage in development. Because of better control performance and economy, doubly-fed units play an important role in wind power generation. However, the fault traversing ability of doubly-fed fan is weak, and because of the fluctuation and randomness of wind force, the active power output of the fan fluctuates greatly, and the direct grid connection will threaten the stable and safe operation of the power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effective technology to stabilize the active power fluctuation of the fan. In this paper, the basic operation principle of doubly-fed induction generator (Doubly Fed Induction Generator, DFIG) and the control strategy of converter are analyzed at first. On the basis of this, a hybrid energy storage system (hybrid energy storage system, with storage battery and super capacitor is proposed. HESS) is installed on the DC bus of the converter of each doubly-fed wind turbine. The HESS is controlled to store or discharge the energy to stabilize the fluctuating power of the fan. The structure topology of hybrid energy storage system composed of accumulator super capacitor and DC/DC converter is established around this scheme. The battery set is connected with super capacitor through DC/DC converter. The supercapacitor bank is connected to the DC bus through the DC/DC converter. The energy management scheme of the energy storage system is developed, that is, the super capacitor is responsible for the energy exchange with the wind turbine through the DC/DC converter, and the storage battery controls the super capacitor to work in the optimal voltage range through charging and discharging. DC/DC converter adopts complementary PWM control mode. The effectiveness of the hybrid energy storage control scheme and control strategy is verified by PSCAD simulation. Finally, a double-layer constant power control scheme applied to doubly-fed wind farm is proposed. The high level wind field monitoring and control system (wind farm supervisory controller, WFSC) generates active power reference for every typhoon controller in the bottom according to the generation plan or scheduling requirements. The bottom fan controller adjusts the active power required for each doubly-fed fan output, and the difference between the fan output active power and the required active power will be released or absorbed by the bottom controller control energy storage system. Finally, the wind field model of five wind turbines is built in PSCAD, and the feasibility of the control scheme is verified by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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本文編號(hào)：2429021