發(fā)布時間：2019-02-19 12:37

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會不斷的要求電力工業(yè)提高效率和降低污染,相關(guān)電力部門也出臺了一些改進(jìn)措施,不斷的提升火力發(fā)電機(jī)組的容量和參數(shù),伴隨而來就是不斷提高控制參數(shù)指標(biāo),本文就300MW機(jī)組汽包爐的主蒸汽溫度進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。本文簡單介紹了課題研究的背景、主汽溫控制的難點(diǎn)和研究現(xiàn)狀,為了使主汽溫在一定范圍內(nèi)變動,可以有很多方法做出改進(jìn),例如導(dǎo)前信號的選擇、控制算法優(yōu)化、對象模型確定等,在本文研究當(dāng)中將采用對控制算法優(yōu)化來改善傳統(tǒng)的控制效果。確定了控制策略的改進(jìn)方向之后,對本課題研究的鍋爐及其主汽溫系統(tǒng)、被控對象的動態(tài)特性進(jìn)行分析,了解了主汽溫系統(tǒng)的工藝流程,及其在控制過程中相關(guān)因素對它的影響,確定了通過調(diào)節(jié)噴水量來控制主汽溫。然后介紹了主汽溫的常規(guī)控制系統(tǒng)：帶有導(dǎo)前微分信號的PID控制系統(tǒng)和串級PID控制系統(tǒng)�？紤]到主汽溫被控對象就是一個大滯后、模型不精確的時變非線性對象,火電廠PID控制系統(tǒng)只能在一定范圍內(nèi)達(dá)到良好的動態(tài)性能,而模糊PID控制器卻正好能夠滿足這種情況,故最后選擇采用模糊技術(shù)與串級系統(tǒng)結(jié)合的控制方案。此控制方案副調(diào)節(jié)器采用的P控制器,主調(diào)節(jié)器選用模糊PID自適應(yīng)控制器,而此模糊控制器的比例因子由另一個輔助模糊控制器來在線調(diào)整,能夠根據(jù)輸出的變化來調(diào)整PID控制器的三個參數(shù),從而達(dá)到在線自調(diào)整的控制效果。在MATLAB/Simulink仿真平臺上進(jìn)行串級PID控制系統(tǒng)和改進(jìn)方案的性能比較,可得知改進(jìn)后的方案在抗擾和魯棒能力上得到了很大的改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The economy and society constantly request the electric power industry to improve its efficiency and reduce pollution. The relevant power departments have also introduced some improvement measures to continuously raise the capacity and parameters of the thermal power generating units, with which the control parameters are constantly raised. The main steam temperature of drum furnace of 300MW unit is optimized in this paper. This paper briefly introduces the background of the research, the difficulties and the present situation of the main steam temperature control. In order to change the main steam temperature within a certain range, there are many ways to make improvements, such as the selection of the leading signal, the optimization of the control algorithm, In this paper, the optimization of the control algorithm will be used to improve the traditional control effect. After the improvement direction of the control strategy is determined, the dynamic characteristics of the boiler and its main steam temperature system studied in this paper are analyzed, and the technological process of the main steam temperature system is understood. The main steam temperature is controlled by adjusting the amount of spraying water. Then the conventional control system of main steam temperature is introduced: PID control system with derivative differential signal and serial PID control system. Considering that the main steam temperature controlled object is a time-varying nonlinear plant with large delay and imprecise model, the PID control system of thermal power plant can only achieve good dynamic performance within a certain range, but the fuzzy PID controller can meet this situation. Therefore, the control scheme which combines fuzzy technology and cascade system is selected at last. The P controller used in the secondary regulator of this control scheme, the fuzzy PID adaptive controller is used as the main regulator, and the proportion factor of the fuzzy controller is adjusted online by another auxiliary fuzzy controller. The three parameters of the PID controller can be adjusted according to the change of the output so as to achieve the on-line self-adjusting control effect. The performance comparison between the cascade PID control system and the improved scheme on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform shows that the improved scheme has been greatly improved in immunity and robustness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM621

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本文編號：2426505