面向V2G應用的雙向充放電路及其控制策略的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-17 10:34
【摘要】：隨著電動汽車(Electric Vehicles, EVs)和智能電網(wǎng)(Smart Grid)應用的不斷發(fā)展,一方面電動汽車通過充電機從電網(wǎng)吸收有功為儲能電池充電(Grid to Vehicle, G2V),另一方面通過充電機將電池儲能送往電網(wǎng)(Vehicle to Grid, V2G),這種車-網(wǎng)互動技術(shù)越來越受到廣泛重視。V2G技術(shù)將是未來智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)與應用的重要方向之一,而雙向充電機在實現(xiàn)電動汽車與電網(wǎng)能量雙向傳輸?shù)倪^程中扮演著重要的角色。本文主要研究適用于V2G應用的雙向充電機主電路及其控制的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。 本文選擇兩級式雙向電路拓撲—前級采用單相雙向全橋變換器,后級采用雙有源橋變換器(Dual Active Bridge, DAB)—作為單相雙向充電機的主電路。針對后級DC/DC電路在高電壓變比應用場合,提出一種并-串型雙有源橋的電路拓撲(Parallel-Serial Dual Active Bridge, PSDAB),具體實現(xiàn)方法是將兩路傳統(tǒng)DAB電路的低壓端并聯(lián),高壓端串聯(lián),并讓兩路DAB電路中對應位置的開關(guān)管同時開通和關(guān)斷。因此文中提出的PSDAB電路可以采取和傳統(tǒng)DAB電路一樣的移相控制方法以實現(xiàn)軟開關(guān)。文中還對PSDAB電路進行了損耗分析,并與傳統(tǒng)DAB電路的損耗作了比較,指出了本文所研究的PSDAB電路在高電壓變比的充電機中應用時具有高效率。 針對充電機的V2G應用,研究了雙向充電機充放電模式的控制策略,給出了雙閉環(huán)控制策略和控制參數(shù)的設(shè)計方法。并針對電池放電模式下的DAB啟動過程,提出一種基于體二極管整流的直流母線建壓方法,這種啟動方法可以避免直流母線建壓過程中出現(xiàn)的電感飽和現(xiàn)象,和因此帶來的電流沖擊。且本文研究的啟動方法無需硬件開銷,只需通過數(shù)字控制即可實現(xiàn)。為了實現(xiàn)雙向充電機的應急供電功能,論文還研究了并網(wǎng)和離網(wǎng)這兩種工作模式的切換控制,同時給出了一種數(shù)字鎖相環(huán)(Phase Lock Loop, PLL)的實現(xiàn)方法。 論文為所研究的雙向充電機設(shè)計了主電路參數(shù)和控制系統(tǒng)。給出了雙有源橋電路中諧振電感的詳細設(shè)計過程和變壓器的設(shè)計方法,并選擇了開關(guān)器件；采用TI公司的數(shù)字信號處理器(Digital Signal Processor, DSP) TMS320F28035作為控制核心,實現(xiàn)了雙向充電機的全數(shù)字控制。 本文采用PSIM軟件對主電路及其控制策略進行了仿真和分析,并在4.6KW的實驗樣機上實驗,仿真和實驗結(jié)果驗證了主電路參數(shù)設(shè)計的合理性和控制策略的可行性。驗證了本文所提出的PSDAB適合用作高電壓變比的雙向充電機主電路,并獲得了高效率。這種電路能實現(xiàn)能量的雙向流動,并實現(xiàn)了雙向充電機并網(wǎng)和離網(wǎng)運行模式的平滑切換,可作為應急電源使用�？梢娬撐牡难芯砍晒纱龠M電動汽車的V2G應用。
[Abstract]:With the development of electric vehicle (Electric Vehicles, EVs) and smart grid (Smart Grid) application, on the one hand, electric vehicle absorbs active power from power grid to charge energy storage battery (Grid to Vehicle, G2V. On the other hand, the battery energy storage is sent to (Vehicle to Grid, V2G (power grid). This kind of vehicle-network interaction technology has been paid more and more attention. V2G technology will be one of the important directions of smart grid construction and application in the future. The bidirectional charger plays an important role in the process of energy bidirectional transmission between electric vehicle and power grid. In this paper, the main circuit and control technology of bidirectional charging machine suitable for V2G application are studied. In this paper, the two-stage bi-directional circuit topology-front stage adopts single-phase bi-directional full-bridge converter, and the rear stage adopts dual-active bridge converter (Dual Active Bridge, DAB)-as the main circuit of single-phase bidirectional charger. In view of the application of DC/DC circuit in the application of high voltage ratio, a circuit topology of parallel-series-type dual active bridge is proposed. The realization method of Parallel-Serial Dual Active Bridge, PSDAB), is to connect the low-voltage end of two traditional DAB circuits in series, and the high-voltage end is connected in series. And let two DAB circuit corresponding position switch on and off at the same time. Therefore, the proposed PSDAB circuit can adopt the same phase shift control method as the traditional DAB circuit to realize soft switching. The loss of PSDAB circuit is also analyzed and compared with that of traditional DAB circuit. It is pointed out that the PSDAB circuit studied in this paper has high efficiency in the application of high voltage variable ratio charger. Aiming at the application of V2G, the control strategy of charging and discharging mode of bidirectional charger is studied, and the control strategy and the design method of control parameters are given. Aiming at the DAB start-up process in the battery discharge mode, a DC bus voltage building method based on the body diode rectifier is proposed, which can avoid the inductance saturation phenomenon in the DC bus voltage construction process. And the resulting current shock. The startup method studied in this paper does not require hardware overhead, but can be realized by digital control. In order to realize the emergency power supply function of bidirectional charger, the switching control of grid-connected and off-grid operation modes is also studied, and a digital phase-locked loop (Phase Lock Loop, PLL) implementation method is presented. The main circuit parameters and control system are designed for the studied bidirectional charger. The detailed design process of resonant inductance and the design method of transformer in dual active bridge circuit are given, and the switch device is selected. The digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) TMS320F28035) of TI Company is used as the control core to realize the full digital control of the bidirectional charger. In this paper, the main circuit and its control strategy are simulated and analyzed by using PSIM software. The simulation and experimental results on the experimental prototype of 4.6KW verify the rationality of the design of the main circuit parameters and the feasibility of the control strategy. It is verified that the proposed PSDAB is suitable for the bidirectional charging main circuit with high voltage variation ratio and high efficiency. This circuit can realize bidirectional energy flow and smooth switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation mode of bidirectional charger. It can be used as emergency power supply. It can be seen that the research results of this paper can promote the V 2 G application of electric vehicles.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM910.6;U469.72
本文編號：2425078
[Abstract]:With the development of electric vehicle (Electric Vehicles, EVs) and smart grid (Smart Grid) application, on the one hand, electric vehicle absorbs active power from power grid to charge energy storage battery (Grid to Vehicle, G2V. On the other hand, the battery energy storage is sent to (Vehicle to Grid, V2G (power grid). This kind of vehicle-network interaction technology has been paid more and more attention. V2G technology will be one of the important directions of smart grid construction and application in the future. The bidirectional charger plays an important role in the process of energy bidirectional transmission between electric vehicle and power grid. In this paper, the main circuit and control technology of bidirectional charging machine suitable for V2G application are studied. In this paper, the two-stage bi-directional circuit topology-front stage adopts single-phase bi-directional full-bridge converter, and the rear stage adopts dual-active bridge converter (Dual Active Bridge, DAB)-as the main circuit of single-phase bidirectional charger. In view of the application of DC/DC circuit in the application of high voltage ratio, a circuit topology of parallel-series-type dual active bridge is proposed. The realization method of Parallel-Serial Dual Active Bridge, PSDAB), is to connect the low-voltage end of two traditional DAB circuits in series, and the high-voltage end is connected in series. And let two DAB circuit corresponding position switch on and off at the same time. Therefore, the proposed PSDAB circuit can adopt the same phase shift control method as the traditional DAB circuit to realize soft switching. The loss of PSDAB circuit is also analyzed and compared with that of traditional DAB circuit. It is pointed out that the PSDAB circuit studied in this paper has high efficiency in the application of high voltage variable ratio charger. Aiming at the application of V2G, the control strategy of charging and discharging mode of bidirectional charger is studied, and the control strategy and the design method of control parameters are given. Aiming at the DAB start-up process in the battery discharge mode, a DC bus voltage building method based on the body diode rectifier is proposed, which can avoid the inductance saturation phenomenon in the DC bus voltage construction process. And the resulting current shock. The startup method studied in this paper does not require hardware overhead, but can be realized by digital control. In order to realize the emergency power supply function of bidirectional charger, the switching control of grid-connected and off-grid operation modes is also studied, and a digital phase-locked loop (Phase Lock Loop, PLL) implementation method is presented. The main circuit parameters and control system are designed for the studied bidirectional charger. The detailed design process of resonant inductance and the design method of transformer in dual active bridge circuit are given, and the switch device is selected. The digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) TMS320F28035) of TI Company is used as the control core to realize the full digital control of the bidirectional charger. In this paper, the main circuit and its control strategy are simulated and analyzed by using PSIM software. The simulation and experimental results on the experimental prototype of 4.6KW verify the rationality of the design of the main circuit parameters and the feasibility of the control strategy. It is verified that the proposed PSDAB is suitable for the bidirectional charging main circuit with high voltage variation ratio and high efficiency. This circuit can realize bidirectional energy flow and smooth switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation mode of bidirectional charger. It can be used as emergency power supply. It can be seen that the research results of this paper can promote the V 2 G application of electric vehicles.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM910.6;U469.72
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