【摘要】：金屬導(dǎo)電油墨是用導(dǎo)電材料制成的油墨，具有一定程度導(dǎo)電性質(zhì)，可作為印刷導(dǎo)電點(diǎn)或?qū)щ娋�路之用。其中常用的金屬導(dǎo)電油墨有金墨和銀墨，其導(dǎo)電性好、抗氧化能力強(qiáng)，性能很好，但缺點(diǎn)是其價(jià)格昂貴,不利于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)。銅粉雖然成本較低，導(dǎo)電性好，但它的抗氧化性差，在空氣中暴露容易氧化，使導(dǎo)電油墨的使用壽命大大縮短。為了充分發(fā)揮銀的高導(dǎo)電性和耐氧化性，以及銅粉成本低、導(dǎo)電性良好等優(yōu)勢，在銅粉表面包覆一層銀，制成銅-銀核殼納米顆粒，這樣可以克服單一使用這兩種金屬的缺點(diǎn)。這種粉末材料可以廣泛應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域，如導(dǎo)電材料等，它對新材料的開發(fā)應(yīng)用具有非常重要的意義。本論文以化學(xué)還原法為基礎(chǔ)，利用簡單反應(yīng)物可控合成出納米Ag顆粒，納米Cu顆粒，并對產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行各種表征，探索其合成的最佳條件。用Cu顆粒表面的Cu原子直接置換Ag+得到Ag顆粒使之沉積在銅顆粒表面合成Cu-Ag核殼結(jié)構(gòu)并且用其做填料制成具有良好穩(wěn)定性和導(dǎo)電性的金屬油墨。主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一、以化學(xué)還原法為基礎(chǔ)，使用葡萄糖、水合肼、次磷酸氫鈉幾種不同的化學(xué)藥品作為還原劑，以PVP（聚乙烯吡咯烷酮）為保護(hù)劑，通過改變化學(xué)藥品的添加量、溫度等反應(yīng)條件制備了納米銅顆粒，納米銀顆粒以及銅-銀核殼顆粒。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，，還原劑的添加量和反應(yīng)溫度對產(chǎn)物的純度有很大影響，而保護(hù)劑的添加量則大大影響產(chǎn)物的粒徑大小及其分散性。 第二、對所得產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行TEM、SEM、XRD、UV-via、熱重等表征，我們可以看到在通過化學(xué)還原法可控反應(yīng)制備的純銀顆粒和純銅顆粒都具有很高的純度，且顆粒粒徑分布均勻，分散性良好，將所得產(chǎn)物分散在乙醇和丙三醇的混合溶液中制備成銀導(dǎo)電油墨和銅導(dǎo)電油墨，制備的金屬油墨的書寫圖案在氬氣氛圍中經(jīng)160oC的高溫?zé)Y(jié)后均具有良好的導(dǎo)電性，可以使連結(jié)電壓的小燈泡發(fā)出亮光，經(jīng)四探針測試可得銀導(dǎo)電油墨的電阻率可低至8.1μ·cm，銅導(dǎo)電油墨的電阻率可低至20.5μ·cm。 第三、采用置換法，將銀離子加入到合成的銅納米顆粒中，銀離子通過表面的銅原子還原為銀原子附著在銅顆粒表面形成一層保護(hù)殼，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明通過這種簡單的置換法可以合成包覆效果良好的銅銀核殼顆粒，它在制備過程中不需要其它惰性氣體的保護(hù)，制備工藝簡單，且合成的產(chǎn)物相對于銅顆粒具有更強(qiáng)的抗氧化性和更高的導(dǎo)電性，其含量為40%的油墨電阻率為17.97μ·cm，實(shí)現(xiàn)了導(dǎo)電性好，成本低的目標(biāo)，是金屬油墨的最佳選擇。
[Abstract]:Metal conductive ink is an ink made of conductive material. It can be used for printing conductive point or electric circuit. The commonly used metal conductive inks are gold ink and silver ink, which have good conductivity, strong oxidation resistance and good performance, but their disadvantages are that their price is expensive, which is not conducive to industrial production. Although copper powder has low cost and good electrical conductivity, its oxidation resistance is poor, and it is easy to be oxidized in air, which shortens the service life of conductive ink. In order to give full play to the high conductivity and oxidation resistance of silver, and the advantages of low cost and good conductivity of copper powder, a layer of silver is coated on the surface of copper powder to make copper-silver core-shell nanoparticles, which can overcome the shortcomings of single use of these two kinds of metals. This kind of powder material can be widely used in many fields, such as conductive materials, etc. It is of great significance to the development and application of new materials. Based on the chemical reduction method, nanometer Ag particles and nano Cu particles were synthesized by using simple reactants in this paper. The products were characterized and the optimum conditions for their synthesis were explored. The Ag particles were deposited on the surface of copper particles to synthesize the core-shell structure of Cu-Ag by replacing the Cu atoms on the surface of Cu particles directly with the Ag atoms and used as fillers to make metal inks with good stability and conductivity. The main contents are as follows: first, on the basis of chemical reduction, several different chemicals such as glucose, hydrazine hydrate and sodium hydrogen hypophosphate were used as reducing agents and PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) as protective agent. Nanocrystalline copper nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and copper-silver core-shell particles were prepared by changing the amount of chemicals and reaction conditions such as temperature. The experimental results showed that the addition of reductant and reaction temperature had great influence on the purity of the product, while the addition of protective agent greatly affected the particle size and dispersity of the product. Secondly, the TEM,SEM,XRD,UV-via, thermogravimetric analysis shows that the pure silver and pure copper particles prepared by the controlled chemical reduction reaction have high purity and uniform particle size distribution. The products were dispersed in the mixed solution of ethanol and glycerol to produce silver conductive ink and copper conductive ink. The writing pattern of the prepared metal ink had good conductivity after high temperature sintering of 160oC in argon atmosphere. The light bulb with connecting voltage can emit bright light, and the resistivity of silver conductive ink can be as low as 8.1 渭 cm, copper conductive ink as low as 20.5 渭 cm. by four-probe test. Thirdly, silver ions are added to the synthesized copper nanoparticles by substitution method. Silver ions are reduced to silver atoms through the surface of copper particles to form a protective shell on the surface of copper particles. The experimental results show that the copper-silver core-shell particles with good coating effect can be synthesized by this simple displacement method, which does not need the protection of other inert gases in the preparation process, and the preparation process is simple. The synthesized product has stronger oxidation resistance and higher electrical conductivity than copper particle. The resistivity of 40% ink is 17.97 渭 cm, which achieves the goal of good conductivity and low cost. It is the best choice for metal ink.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM241

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 何為;楊穎;王守緒;何波;胡可;;導(dǎo)電油墨制備技術(shù)及應(yīng)用進(jìn)展[J];材料導(dǎo)報(bào);2009年21期

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