【摘要】：隨著光伏并網(wǎng)電站安裝容量不斷上升，光伏并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)在電網(wǎng)故障情況下的應(yīng)對(duì)能力變得尤為重要，國(guó)家規(guī)定光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在電網(wǎng)電壓跌落一定時(shí)間段內(nèi)不能脫網(wǎng)運(yùn)行，并對(duì)電網(wǎng)提供一定的無(wú)功支撐。本文研究電網(wǎng)電壓跌落時(shí)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的低電壓穿越技術(shù)，提高系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性和應(yīng)對(duì)故障能力，并采用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行仿真分析。 本文建立了光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器在ABC三相靜止坐標(biāo)系、αβ兩相靜止坐標(biāo)系和dq旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型，從光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理著手，分析了傳統(tǒng)的光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的控制策略，分析了同步PI電流控制法，，即在同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下，采用前饋解耦控制方法，以固定開(kāi)關(guān)頻率實(shí)現(xiàn)交流側(cè)電流控制。該控制策略結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)容易，但需在電網(wǎng)電壓三相對(duì)稱環(huán)境下使用。本文在傳統(tǒng)控制策略基礎(chǔ)上建立光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器數(shù)學(xué)模型，即在傳統(tǒng)電壓外環(huán)、電流內(nèi)環(huán)雙閉環(huán)控制策略的基礎(chǔ)上增加并網(wǎng)電流負(fù)序內(nèi)環(huán)控制，在電網(wǎng)三相不對(duì)稱時(shí)提高逆變器的適應(yīng)能力，再結(jié)合DC-DC控制實(shí)現(xiàn)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的低電壓穿越。 本文提出一種用超級(jí)電容儲(chǔ)能的低電壓穿越方法，在電網(wǎng)電壓跌落期間繼續(xù)保持光伏陣列的輸出，逆變器直流端的冗余電量?jī)?chǔ)存到超級(jí)電容當(dāng)中，在保持了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)發(fā)電量的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)低電壓穿越。采用Matlab/Simulink軟件平臺(tái)，搭建了基于低電壓穿越技術(shù)的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)仿真模型，進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。該方法既有較快的電流響應(yīng)速度和系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)速度，又能儲(chǔ)存直流側(cè)部分冗余電量。在電壓跌落期間光伏逆變器能夠并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行，還能根據(jù)電網(wǎng)需要輸送一定量的無(wú)功功率以支撐并網(wǎng)點(diǎn)電壓，減少光伏系統(tǒng)的脫網(wǎng)給電網(wǎng)帶來(lái)的沖擊。最后和相關(guān)企業(yè)合作對(duì)低電壓穿越技術(shù)的仿真模型的正確性進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該低電壓穿越技術(shù)是可行的。
[Abstract]:With the increasing installation capacity of grid-connected PV power station, the ability of photovoltaic grid-connected system to deal with the power grid fault becomes particularly important. The state stipulates that the photovoltaic power generation system can not be removed from the grid in a certain period of time when the grid voltage drops. And provide certain reactive power support to the power grid. In this paper, the low voltage traversing technology of photovoltaic power generation system with voltage drop is studied to improve the stability and fault response ability of the system, and the simulation analysis is carried out by using MATLAB software. In this paper, the mathematical models of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter in ABC three-phase stationary coordinate system, 偽 尾 two-phase stationary coordinate system and dq rotating coordinate system are established. The topology and working principle of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter are discussed. The control strategy of the traditional photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is analyzed, and the synchronous PI current control method is analyzed. In the synchronous rotating coordinate system, the feedforward decoupling control method is used to realize AC side current control with fixed switching frequency. The control strategy is simple in structure and easy in parameter design, but it needs to be used in the three-phase symmetrical environment of grid voltage. In this paper, the mathematical model of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is established on the basis of traditional control strategy, that is, adding grid-connected current negative sequence inner loop control on the basis of traditional voltage outer loop and current inner loop double closed loop control strategy. The adaptive ability of inverter is improved when the power grid is three phase asymmetry, and the low voltage traversing of photovoltaic generation system is realized with DC-DC control. In this paper, a low voltage traversing method using super capacitor to store energy is proposed. The output of photovoltaic array is maintained during the voltage drop of the power grid, and the redundant power at the DC end of the inverter is stored in the super capacitor. Low voltage traversing is realized at the same time as the photovoltaic power generation system is maintained. The simulation model of photovoltaic power generation system based on low voltage traversing technology is built by using Matlab/Simulink software platform and the corresponding simulation experiments are carried out. This method not only has faster current response speed and system recovery speed, but also can store part of the DC side redundant power. During the voltage drop the photovoltaic inverter can be connected to the grid and can transport a certain amount of reactive power according to the need of the power grid to support and network voltage so as to reduce the impact to the grid caused by the de-grid of the photovoltaic system. Finally, the correctness of the simulation model of low-voltage traversing technology is verified by experiments in cooperation with relevant enterprises. The experimental results show that the low-voltage traversing technology is feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM464;TM615

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