【摘要】：燃料電池系統(tǒng)作為一種高效清潔的動(dòng)力裝置,其集成化研究,對未來遠(yuǎn)程UUV動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與發(fā)展有著至關(guān)重要的意義。本文針對UUV的動(dòng)力設(shè)計(jì)要求,利用燃料電池混合動(dòng)力的設(shè)計(jì)方法,設(shè)計(jì)了 10kW燃料電池主堆,10kW蓄電池輔助電源,并攜帶固體儲氫與液氧的整體方案。經(jīng)過理論計(jì)算,該方案設(shè)計(jì)的UUV動(dòng)力性能優(yōu)于單純使用20kW燃料電池或20kW鋰離子電池。以此整體方案為基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計(jì)了 10kW燃料電池系統(tǒng),為了集成化的考慮分別采用定壓閉式水循環(huán)與尾氣循環(huán)自加濕。針對系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成及其對流量、溫度、壓力等關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的要求,對系統(tǒng)管路,電磁閥,恒溫閥,換熱器等組件進(jìn)行了計(jì)算及選型,并對燃料循環(huán)噴射器的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了初步研究。結(jié)合系統(tǒng)選型的實(shí)際尺寸,設(shè)計(jì)了 10kW燃料電池系統(tǒng)的集成化模型。以DSP為硬件基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計(jì)集成化燃料電池動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的控制系統(tǒng),相比PLC,在完成同樣控制要求的前提下,其體積更小,更適合集成化要求。利用CCStudio,對DSP的信號采集,通信與信號輸出進(jìn)行程序設(shè)計(jì),利用串口實(shí)現(xiàn)DSP與計(jì)算機(jī)的通信,并通過Lab VIEW編寫的控制界面在計(jì)算機(jī)上實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的實(shí)時(shí)顯示與控制。利用現(xiàn)有條件與實(shí)驗(yàn)臺架進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)氣水壓力的自適應(yīng),在無外部加濕的條件下尾氣自加濕可以使電堆穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,該方法可減少控制系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜程度,有利于系統(tǒng)集成化。為了進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證方案及選型的可行性,利用選型器件的實(shí)際參數(shù),在AMEsim軟件中建立系統(tǒng)模型,對設(shè)計(jì)的集成化UUV燃料電池系統(tǒng)開機(jī),運(yùn)行負(fù)載波動(dòng)進(jìn)行了仿真,系統(tǒng)可以穩(wěn)定安全的運(yùn)行。并分析了過量系數(shù)對系統(tǒng)加濕情況的影響,以及燃料循環(huán)噴射器在燃料電池系統(tǒng)中的工作特性。
[Abstract]:As a kind of high efficiency and clean power system, the integrated research of fuel cell system is of great significance to the design and development of remote UUV power system in the future. According to the power design requirements of UUV, the main reactor of 10kW fuel cell, the auxiliary power supply of 10kW battery, and the whole scheme of solid hydrogen storage and liquid oxygen are designed by using the design method of hybrid power of fuel cell. The theoretical calculation shows that the dynamic performance of UUV designed by this scheme is superior to that of 20kW fuel cell or 20kW lithium-ion battery. Based on the whole scheme, 10kW fuel cell system is designed. For the sake of integration, the closed water cycle at constant pressure and the self-humidification of tail gas cycle are adopted respectively. According to the composition of the system and its requirements for the key parameters such as flow rate, temperature and pressure, the system pipeline, solenoid valve, thermostatic valve, heat exchanger and other components are calculated and selected, and the design of fuel cycle injector is studied preliminarily. The integrated model of 10kW fuel cell system is designed according to the actual size of system selection. Based on DSP, the control system of integrated fuel cell power system is designed. Compared with PLC, it is smaller in volume and more suitable for integration than PLC,. The signal acquisition, communication and signal output of DSP are programmed by CCStudio, the communication between DSP and computer is realized by serial port, and the real-time display and control of system state are realized by the control interface written by Lab VIEW. The experimental results show that the closed circulating water system can realize the self-adaptation of gas-water pressure, and the self-humidification of tail gas can make the stack run stably without external humidification. This method can reduce the complexity of the control system and is beneficial to the integration of the system. In order to further verify the feasibility of the scheme and type selection, the system model is established in AMEsim software by using the actual parameters of the device selection, and the load fluctuation of the integrated UUV fuel cell system is simulated. The system can run stably and safely. The influence of excess coefficient on system humidification and the working characteristics of fuel cycle injector in fuel cell system are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM911.4

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