【摘要】：近年來，隨著動力電池技術(shù)的不斷提升，電動汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)得到了迅速的發(fā)展，為了大力推廣電動汽車，需要建設(shè)大量的充電站為電動汽車蓄電池補充電能，由于充電機需要快速從電網(wǎng)上獲取很大的電流，而且它是一種非線性負載，會給電網(wǎng)帶來很大的諧波污染，因此研究帶有功率因數(shù)校正功能的整流器具有重要的意義。 在三相整流器拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)中，三相VIENNA整流器具有網(wǎng)側(cè)電能質(zhì)量好、開關(guān)器件少、管應(yīng)力小、直流母線無直通危險等優(yōu)點，因此本文以三相VIENNA整流拓撲為研究對象，從拓撲的工作原理、數(shù)學(xué)模型、控制策略上進行了深入的研究，在此基礎(chǔ)上進行了主拓撲關(guān)鍵器件的選擇，設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)的硬件電路，并編寫控制程序。 本文深入研究了三電平空間矢量控制方法，在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了載波移相控制策略，三角載波移相調(diào)制產(chǎn)生的開關(guān)狀態(tài)，與空間矢量調(diào)制產(chǎn)生的開關(guān)狀態(tài)一致，其參考矢量都是由其所在小三角扇區(qū)的基本矢量來合成，各基本矢量對應(yīng)的開關(guān)狀態(tài)按一定的時間序列控制開關(guān)管，這樣達到了空間矢量控制的效果，同時使控制方法變的更簡化。針對直流母線中點電位不平衡，通過將中點電位的差值疊加到電流環(huán)的參考電壓中，來動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)直流母線正負電壓的平衡。由于該系統(tǒng)無中線，不能直接采樣相電壓，本文通過采樣輸入端和直流母線中點之間的電壓，經(jīng)過改進控制算法的處理獲得各相電壓，從而簡化了硬件電路。 完成以上理論的分析，，在Matlab中搭建了該系統(tǒng)的仿真模型，仿真結(jié)果驗證了理論分析的正確性。最后設(shè)計了一臺基于DSP控制的實驗樣機，實驗結(jié)果表明該拓撲在載波移相控制策略的控制下具有網(wǎng)側(cè)電能質(zhì)量好、諧波含量小，而且能動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)直流母線中性點平衡等優(yōu)點。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous improvement of power battery technology, the electric vehicle industry has been rapid development, in order to vigorously promote electric vehicles, it is necessary to build a large number of charging stations to replenish electric energy for electric vehicle batteries. It is very important to study rectifier with power factor correction (PFC) because the charger needs to obtain a large current from the power grid quickly and it is a nonlinear load that will bring a lot of harmonic pollution to the power grid. In the topology structure of three-phase rectifier, three-phase VIENNA rectifier has the advantages of good power quality on the grid side, less switching devices, less stress of the tube, no direct current danger of DC busbar, etc. Therefore, the three-phase VIENNA rectifier topology is taken as the research object in this paper. In this paper, the working principle, mathematical model and control strategy of the topology are deeply studied. On this basis, the main topology key devices are selected, the hardware circuit of the system is designed, and the control program is written. In this paper, the three-level space vector control method is deeply studied, and then the carrier phase shift control strategy is analyzed. The switching state generated by triangular carrier phase shift modulation is consistent with the switching state generated by space vector modulation. The reference vectors are all synthesized by the basic vectors in the small triangular sector. The switching state of each basic vector is controlled according to a certain time series, which achieves the effect of space vector control. At the same time, the control method is simplified. In view of the imbalance of the midpoint potential of DC busbar, the balance of positive and negative voltage of DC bus is dynamically adjusted by adding the difference of midpoint potential to the reference voltage of the current loop. Because the system has no center line and can not directly sample the phase voltage, this paper obtains each phase voltage by sampling the voltage between the input terminal and the midpoint of the DC bus, and obtains each phase voltage by the improved control algorithm, which simplifies the hardware circuit. The simulation model of the system is built in Matlab, and the simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Finally, an experimental prototype based on DSP control is designed. The experimental results show that the topology has the advantages of good power quality, low harmonic content and dynamic adjustment of DC bus neutral balance under the control of carrier phase shift control strategy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM461;U469.72

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