光伏聚光照明系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-28 18:45
【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境保護(hù)越來越被重視,各國都在尋找一種可以替代化石燃料的新能源,而太陽能作為一種儲量豐富的新能源,也獲得了廣泛的關(guān)注。目前光伏發(fā)電是太陽能利用的最主要方式,但是卻存在著投資大、效率低的缺點。同時人類每天用于照明的電量卻與日俱增,浪費了大量的能源。而光伏聚光照明系統(tǒng)將太陽光通過光纖傳導(dǎo)至室內(nèi)用于照明,可以節(jié)省大量用于照明的電能,不失為一種很好的利用太陽能的方式。相對于傳統(tǒng)照明裝置不僅更環(huán)保,而且還有利于人員的身心健康,可謂一舉多得。本論文設(shè)計的光伏聚光照明系統(tǒng)包括跟蹤系統(tǒng)、聚光系統(tǒng)和傳導(dǎo)光纖。跟蹤系統(tǒng)對太陽方位進(jìn)行跟蹤,提高太陽光的利用效率;聚光系統(tǒng)匯聚太陽光提高太陽能密度;傳導(dǎo)光纖用于傳導(dǎo)匯聚的太陽光。跟蹤系統(tǒng)采用了一種新型的可調(diào)節(jié)精度的太陽方位跟蹤器,其跟蹤精度高,可以對陰晴天做出判斷,且可以通過改變外形尺寸來調(diào)節(jié)跟蹤精度。跟蹤系統(tǒng)的運轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)包括兩種方式:一種是基于L298N控制帶蝸輪蝸桿的直流減速電機(jī)的機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)動方案,另一種是基于云臺的機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)動方案。聚光系統(tǒng)通過菲涅爾透鏡對太陽光進(jìn)行匯聚,為了能夠降低焦點處的溫度,本論文還采取了降溫裝置:采用隔熱玻璃和二次均勻透鏡。隔熱玻璃放置于菲涅爾透鏡前,可有效反射紅外線和紫外線,降低熱效應(yīng)。二次均勻透鏡放置于焦點處,太陽光在通過均勻透鏡內(nèi)部反射后,能使太陽光均勻的分布在透鏡的出光面,也可以降低溫度。本論文對二次均勻透鏡的設(shè)計進(jìn)行了重點討論,通過幾何光學(xué)分析得出了二次均勻透鏡外形尺寸應(yīng)滿足的條件,并用Tracepro光學(xué)分析軟件各種參數(shù)下的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了模擬仿真,驗證了其效果。本文對三種常見的傳導(dǎo)光纖進(jìn)行分析對比,得出了其優(yōu)缺點。根據(jù)降低成本的要求,系統(tǒng)采用了塑料光纖作為傳導(dǎo)太陽光的介質(zhì)。文末對跟蹤系統(tǒng)的跟蹤精度進(jìn)行了測試,結(jié)果表明跟蹤精度高,滿足光伏聚光照明系統(tǒng)要求;對隔熱玻璃和二次均勻透鏡的進(jìn)行了測試,其降溫效果良好。最后對光伏聚光照明系統(tǒng)的實際照明效果進(jìn)行了測試,該系統(tǒng)基本能夠滿足室內(nèi)照明要求。
[Abstract]:With more and more attention being paid to environmental protection, many countries are looking for a new energy source that can replace fossil fuels, and solar energy, as a new energy with abundant reserves, has been paid more and more attention. At present, photovoltaic power generation is the main way of solar energy utilization, but it has the disadvantages of large investment and low efficiency. At the same time, the amount of electricity used for lighting is increasing, wasting a lot of energy. The photovoltaic concentrated lighting system can transmit sunlight through optical fiber to indoor lighting, which can save a lot of electricity for lighting, and it is a good way to use solar energy. Compared with traditional lighting devices, not only more environmental protection, but also conducive to the physical and mental health of personnel, can be said to kill more than one stone. The photovoltaic lighting system designed in this paper includes tracking system, focusing system and conducting fiber. The tracking system tracks the position of the sun to improve the utilization efficiency of the solar light; the condensing system gathers the sunlight to increase the solar density; and the conducting fiber is used to conduct the convergent sunlight. A new type of solar azimuth tracker with adjustable precision is used in the tracking system. The tracking accuracy is high, and the tracking accuracy can be adjusted by changing the shape of the sun. The running mechanism of the tracking system includes two ways: one is the mechanical rotation scheme of DC deceleration motor with worm gear and worm gear based on L298N; the other is mechanical rotation scheme based on cloud head. In order to reduce the temperature at the focal point, the condensing system uses a Fresnel lens to reduce the temperature of the sun. In this paper, the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are used to reduce the temperature. Thermal insulation glass placed in front of Fresnel lens can effectively reflect infrared and ultraviolet rays and reduce heat effect. The secondary uniform lens is placed at the focal point. After the sunlight is reflected through the uniform lens, the solar light can be distributed uniformly on the surface of the lens, and the temperature can also be reduced. In this paper, the design of the secondary uniform lens is discussed in detail, and the conditions for the shape size of the secondary uniform lens are obtained by geometrical optics analysis, and the simulation results under various parameters of the Tracepro optical analysis software are simulated. The effect is verified. In this paper, three kinds of common conductive fibers are analyzed and compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are obtained. According to the requirement of reducing cost, plastic fiber is used as the medium of transmitting solar light. Finally, the tracking accuracy of the tracking system is tested. The results show that the tracking accuracy is high and meets the requirements of the photovoltaic lighting system, and the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are tested, and the cooling effect is good. Finally, the lighting effect of photovoltaic concentrated lighting system is tested, and the system can basically meet the indoor lighting requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM615
本文編號：2394294
[Abstract]:With more and more attention being paid to environmental protection, many countries are looking for a new energy source that can replace fossil fuels, and solar energy, as a new energy with abundant reserves, has been paid more and more attention. At present, photovoltaic power generation is the main way of solar energy utilization, but it has the disadvantages of large investment and low efficiency. At the same time, the amount of electricity used for lighting is increasing, wasting a lot of energy. The photovoltaic concentrated lighting system can transmit sunlight through optical fiber to indoor lighting, which can save a lot of electricity for lighting, and it is a good way to use solar energy. Compared with traditional lighting devices, not only more environmental protection, but also conducive to the physical and mental health of personnel, can be said to kill more than one stone. The photovoltaic lighting system designed in this paper includes tracking system, focusing system and conducting fiber. The tracking system tracks the position of the sun to improve the utilization efficiency of the solar light; the condensing system gathers the sunlight to increase the solar density; and the conducting fiber is used to conduct the convergent sunlight. A new type of solar azimuth tracker with adjustable precision is used in the tracking system. The tracking accuracy is high, and the tracking accuracy can be adjusted by changing the shape of the sun. The running mechanism of the tracking system includes two ways: one is the mechanical rotation scheme of DC deceleration motor with worm gear and worm gear based on L298N; the other is mechanical rotation scheme based on cloud head. In order to reduce the temperature at the focal point, the condensing system uses a Fresnel lens to reduce the temperature of the sun. In this paper, the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are used to reduce the temperature. Thermal insulation glass placed in front of Fresnel lens can effectively reflect infrared and ultraviolet rays and reduce heat effect. The secondary uniform lens is placed at the focal point. After the sunlight is reflected through the uniform lens, the solar light can be distributed uniformly on the surface of the lens, and the temperature can also be reduced. In this paper, the design of the secondary uniform lens is discussed in detail, and the conditions for the shape size of the secondary uniform lens are obtained by geometrical optics analysis, and the simulation results under various parameters of the Tracepro optical analysis software are simulated. The effect is verified. In this paper, three kinds of common conductive fibers are analyzed and compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are obtained. According to the requirement of reducing cost, plastic fiber is used as the medium of transmitting solar light. Finally, the tracking accuracy of the tracking system is tested. The results show that the tracking accuracy is high and meets the requirements of the photovoltaic lighting system, and the thermal insulation glass and the secondary uniform lens are tested, and the cooling effect is good. Finally, the lighting effect of photovoltaic concentrated lighting system is tested, and the system can basically meet the indoor lighting requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM615
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 陳超;楊毅;李遠(yuǎn)軍;鄧華德;王先春;;一種基于單片機(jī)智能控制的云臺設(shè)計[J];現(xiàn)代電子技術(shù);2011年09期
，本文編號：2394294
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