【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代生活中，電力電子技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展給人們的生活帶來(lái)了方便的同時(shí)，電力電子技術(shù)的應(yīng)用也使得的電能質(zhì)量的問(wèn)題日益突出。由于電力電子設(shè)備中存在大量的非線性電感、電容等器件，在這些非線性負(fù)載使用時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的大量諧波及無(wú)功電壓、電流。在設(shè)備并入電網(wǎng)后會(huì)使得電網(wǎng)電壓、電流產(chǎn)生畸變以及降低電網(wǎng)利用率，不僅對(duì)電網(wǎng)的危害極大，同時(shí)也使用戶的用電成本大大增加。于是電力濾波器便應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。起初的LC濾波器動(dòng)態(tài)性能較差不能濾除變化的諧波且易與電網(wǎng)中某次諧波發(fā)生諧振，使得諧波放大后流入電網(wǎng)，從而加重了電網(wǎng)的畸變。相對(duì)于LC濾波器，有源電力濾波器克服了以上缺點(diǎn)，具有很好的動(dòng)態(tài)性能，同時(shí)避免了發(fā)生諧振的可能。因此有源電力濾波器得到了越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注與研究。 本文以并聯(lián)電壓型有源電力濾波器作為主要研究對(duì)象，對(duì)其工作原理進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的論述，有源電力濾波器系統(tǒng)可以分為指令電流的檢測(cè)和補(bǔ)償電流的跟蹤控制兩部分。首先，對(duì)指令電流檢測(cè)的方法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究。以基于瞬時(shí)無(wú)功功率理論的指令電流檢測(cè)算法作為本文檢測(cè)算法，著重研究了在此算法基礎(chǔ)上的p-q法、i_p-i_q法在各種環(huán)境下的適用性。在分析結(jié)果中可以看出i_p-i_q法不僅適用于電網(wǎng)電壓畸變、不對(duì)稱的情況，而且在三相四線制同樣適用�；谒矔r(shí)無(wú)功功率的i_p-i_q法的適用性較廣，故本文以此方法作為指令電流的檢測(cè)方法。然后，在有源電力濾波器的補(bǔ)償電流跟蹤控制方面，本文采用的控制方法為基于空間矢量的無(wú)差拍控制。本文首先分析了滯環(huán)比較控制、三角波比較控制與電壓空間矢量控制（SVPWM）各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。相對(duì)于滯環(huán)比較控制、三角波比較控制，SVPWM算法開(kāi)關(guān)頻率固定，主電路直流側(cè)電壓利用率相比較于其他兩種算法提高了1500，相當(dāng)于減小了直流側(cè)電容的體積，節(jié)約了成本，同時(shí)易于數(shù)字化實(shí)現(xiàn)。鑒于并聯(lián)電壓型有源電力濾波器自身的特點(diǎn)，有源電力濾波器與電網(wǎng)之間通過(guò)電感相連，于是在生成PWM信號(hào)的過(guò)程中會(huì)存在一個(gè)微分方程，直接此求解微分方程很難實(shí)現(xiàn)，對(duì)此問(wèn)題本文采用了無(wú)差拍控制預(yù)測(cè)的方法，將微分方程離散化，，通過(guò)預(yù)測(cè)下一時(shí)刻的指令電流來(lái)求解此微分方程。 以上述理論研究為基礎(chǔ)，本文以基于瞬時(shí)無(wú)功功率的i_p-i_q法作為指令電流的提取方法，采用基于SVPWM的無(wú)差拍控制實(shí)現(xiàn)補(bǔ)償電流的跟蹤控制，設(shè)計(jì)了一套10KVA的有源電力濾波器（APF）系統(tǒng)。主要包括系統(tǒng)主電路設(shè)計(jì)、以DSP(TMS320F2812)作為系統(tǒng)控制芯片的控制電路設(shè)計(jì)及控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)。此外利用MATLAB軟件建立了系統(tǒng)仿真模型，仿真結(jié)果表明本設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)諧波和無(wú)功電流補(bǔ)償效果良好。
[Abstract]:In modern life, the continuous development of power electronics technology has brought convenience to people's life, at the same time, the application of power electronics technology also makes the problem of power quality more and more prominent. Because there are a lot of nonlinear inductors capacitors and other devices in power electronic equipment a large number of harmonics reactive voltage and current will be produced when these nonlinear loads are used. After the equipment is merged into the power network, the voltage and current will be distorted and the utilization ratio will be reduced, which will not only do great harm to the power network, but also increase the cost of electricity consumption. So the power filter came into being. The initial LC filter has poor dynamic performance and can not filter the varying harmonics, and it is easy to resonate with a certain harmonic in the power network, which makes the harmonic amplification flow into the power network, thus exacerbating the distortion of the power network. Compared with the LC filter, the APF overcomes the above shortcomings, has good dynamic performance and avoids the possibility of resonance. Therefore, active power filter (APF) has been paid more and more attention and research. In this paper, the shunt voltage active power filter is taken as the main research object, and its working principle is discussed in detail. The active power filter system can be divided into two parts: the detection of the instruction current and the tracking control of the compensation current. Firstly, the method of instruction current detection is studied in detail. Taking the instruction current detection algorithm based on instantaneous reactive power theory as the detection algorithm in this paper, the applicability of p-q method and i_p-i_q method in various environments are studied. It can be seen from the analysis results that the i_p-i_q method is not only suitable for the voltage distortion and asymmetry of the power system, but also applicable to the three-phase four-wire system. The i_p-i_q method based on instantaneous reactive power is widely used in this paper. Then, in the aspect of compensating current tracking control of active power filter, the control method adopted in this paper is deadbeat control based on space vector. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of hysteresis comparison control, triangular wave comparison control and voltage space vector control (SVPWM) are analyzed. Compared with hysteresis comparison control and triangle wave comparison control, the switching frequency of SVPWM algorithm is fixed. Compared with the other two algorithms, the DC side voltage utilization ratio of the main circuit is increased by 1500, which is equivalent to reducing the volume of the DC side capacitance and saving the cost. At the same time, it is easy to realize digitally. In view of the characteristics of shunt voltage-type active power filters, the active power filters are connected by inductors to the power network, so there will be a differential equation in the process of generating PWM signals, and it is difficult to solve the differential equations directly. In this paper, the differential equation is discretized by using the prediction method of non-beat control, and the differential equation is solved by predicting the command current at the next moment. On the basis of the above theoretical research, the i_p-i_q method based on instantaneous reactive power is used as the command current extraction method, and the compensation current tracking control is realized by using the non-beat control based on SVPWM. An active power filter (APF) system based on 10KVA is designed. It mainly includes the design of the main circuit of the system, the design of the control circuit with DSP (TMS320F2812) as the chip of the system control and the design of the software of the control system. In addition, the simulation model of the system is established by using MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the harmonic and reactive current compensation effect of the designed system is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM761;TN713.8

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 王玉彬;李立英;孫永興;陳榮;;一種高功率因數(shù)可逆整流器的仿真研究[J];電工技術(shù);2003年11期

2 孫榮旗,屈原勇;電力系統(tǒng)諧波的測(cè)量及其控制方法[J];電工技術(shù)雜志;2004年10期

3 王軍華;李建貴;汪友華;;混合型有源電力濾波器研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J];電氣傳動(dòng);2007年12期

4 石新春,霍利民;電力電子技術(shù)與諧波抑制[J];華北電力大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年01期

5 馬曉蕾;尹忠東;周麗霞;朱燕舞;;電力系統(tǒng)諧波檢測(cè)綜述[J];四川電力技術(shù);2008年02期

本文編號(hào)：2391703