【摘要】：近年來(lái)，人們?cè)絹?lái)越關(guān)注風(fēng)能的開(kāi)發(fā)利用，遠(yuǎn)離負(fù)荷中心的大規(guī)模集群式風(fēng)電場(chǎng)不斷出現(xiàn)。然而風(fēng)電功率無(wú)法完全被本地消納，，需要對(duì)其進(jìn)行集中的跨區(qū)域外送�；谀K化多電平換流器的多端直流輸電（Multi-Terminal DirectCurrent based on Modular Multilevel Converter，MMC-MTDC）系統(tǒng)同時(shí)具備了MMC高電壓、大容量的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)和MTDC系統(tǒng)靈活性、可靠性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn)，成為解決這一問(wèn)題的最佳方案。因此，本文對(duì)MMC-MTDC系統(tǒng)的控制策略進(jìn)行了研究，使其能更好地適應(yīng)風(fēng)電的隨機(jī)性與間歇性。 首先研究了MMC的基本工作原理。在忽略MMC各個(gè)子模塊開(kāi)關(guān)過(guò)程的基礎(chǔ)上，建立了MMC的交直流解耦模型，將MMC等效為相互解耦的交流回路和直流回路兩部分。在研究了MMC-HVDC控制系統(tǒng)基本構(gòu)成的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)該模型，將換流站級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)分割為交流回路控制器、環(huán)流抑制控制器和阻尼控制器三部分，并設(shè)計(jì)了基于直接電流控制策略的負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)節(jié)MMC與交流系統(tǒng)之間功率交換的交流回路控制器。 然后對(duì)MMC-MTDC系統(tǒng)的控制策略進(jìn)行了研究。研究了多端柔性直流輸電系統(tǒng)最為典型的主從控制、電壓裕度控制和多點(diǎn)電壓下降控制。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析，將它們歸納為單一主站型控制策略和多重主站型控制策略�？紤]到直流電壓控制和有功功功率控制的強(qiáng)耦合性，提出了復(fù)合主站型控制策略。該控制策略讓控制直流電壓的換流站專注于電壓控制，調(diào)用其他換流站補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的波動(dòng)功率。這些換流站構(gòu)成復(fù)合型的主站，共同承擔(dān)傳統(tǒng)主站的控制任務(wù)，提高了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的直流電壓質(zhì)量。 最后研究了含風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的復(fù)合主站型MMC-MTDC系統(tǒng)。運(yùn)用PSCAD/EMTDC搭建基于雙饋異步發(fā)電機(jī)的風(fēng)電機(jī)組模型，并應(yīng)用等效參數(shù)法，對(duì)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了等值建模。在此基礎(chǔ)上，搭建了采用復(fù)合主站型控制策略的含風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的四端MMC-MTDC系統(tǒng)模型，在風(fēng)速變化及各種故障狀況下，對(duì)其運(yùn)行特性進(jìn)行了仿真研究。根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果，提出了相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對(duì)措施，以提高系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, people pay more and more attention to the development and utilization of wind energy. However, the wind power can not be completely absorbed locally, and it needs to be centralized transregional delivery. Multiterminal direct current transmission (Multi-Terminal DirectCurrent based on Modular Multilevel Converter,MMC-MTDC) system based on modularized multilevel converter has the advantages of high voltage and large capacity of MMC, flexibility, reliability and economy of MTDC system. Be the best solution to this problem. Therefore, the control strategy of MMC-MTDC system is studied in this paper, so that it can adapt to the randomness and intermittency of wind power better. Firstly, the basic principle of MMC is studied. On the basis of ignoring the switching process of each sub-module of MMC, the AC / DC decoupling model of MMC is established. The MMC is equivalent to two parts of AC and DC circuits which are decoupled from each other. On the basis of studying the basic structure of MMC-HVDC control system, according to the model, the converter station control system is divided into three parts: ac loop controller, circulation suppression controller and damping controller. The AC loop controller which regulates the power exchange between MMC and AC system is designed based on direct current control strategy. Then the control strategy of MMC-MTDC system is studied. The most typical master-slave control, voltage margin control and multi-point voltage drop control for multi-terminal flexible direct current transmission system are studied. Through comparison and analysis, they are classified as single master station control strategy and multiple master station control strategy. Considering the strong coupling between DC voltage control and power control, a compound master station control strategy is proposed. The control strategy makes the converter which controls DC voltage focus on voltage control and calls other converter stations to compensate for the fluctuating power of the system. These converter stations constitute complex master stations, which jointly undertake the control tasks of traditional main stations and improve the DC voltage quality of the whole system. Finally, the composite master station MMC-MTDC system with wind farm is studied. The wind turbine model based on doubly-fed asynchronous generator is built by using PSCAD/EMTDC, and the equivalent modeling of wind farm is carried out by using equivalent parameter method. On this basis, a four-terminal MMC-MTDC system model with a composite master station control strategy is built, and its operation characteristics are simulated under the wind speed variation and various fault conditions. According to the simulation results, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward to improve the stability and economy of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM721.1

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