直葉片豎軸風(fēng)機(jī)槳距控制策略優(yōu)化研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-17 20:29
【摘要】：面對(duì)能源危機(jī)以及全球環(huán)境污染等問(wèn)題的日趨嚴(yán)重化，可再生能源的開發(fā)和發(fā)展已經(jīng)迫在眉睫。風(fēng)機(jī)作為一種將風(fēng)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的裝置，是目前開采風(fēng)能的重要工具。根據(jù)風(fēng)機(jī)的主軸方向，可將其分為水平軸風(fēng)機(jī)和垂直軸（豎軸）風(fēng)機(jī)。由于水平軸風(fēng)機(jī)采能效果高，技術(shù)已相對(duì)成熟，而垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)因其較低的風(fēng)能采集效率一直未受重視。近年來(lái)，小型垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)適應(yīng)復(fù)雜風(fēng)場(chǎng)的能力，以及大型垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)開發(fā)的潛力，促使垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)又逐漸受到青睞。論文將以升力型直葉片垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)為研究對(duì)象，立足于槳距角能顯著改變?nèi)~片氣動(dòng)性能的特點(diǎn)，旨在提高其自啟動(dòng)性能和風(fēng)能利用效率。 傳統(tǒng)雙面多流管（Double-Multiple-StreamTube, DMST）風(fēng)機(jī)性能評(píng)估方法具有原理簡(jiǎn)單，計(jì)算高效的特點(diǎn)。論文在對(duì)直葉片垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)變槳距的氣動(dòng)力分解、計(jì)算原理詳細(xì)闡述的基礎(chǔ)上，，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的DMST程序進(jìn)行了三方面改進(jìn)：（1）加入動(dòng)態(tài)失速的修正；（2）加入可變槳距角的影響；（3）提高程序收斂性。改進(jìn)后的程序提高了垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)性能評(píng)估的精度和收斂性，并可用于變槳距風(fēng)機(jī)的計(jì)算。 在DMST平臺(tái)的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合遺傳算法建立了直葉片垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)槳距角優(yōu)化計(jì)算模型。得到了不同葉尖速比下的最優(yōu)槳距角曲線，即主動(dòng)槳距角控制的最優(yōu)策略。通過(guò)對(duì)切向和法向力系數(shù)及風(fēng)能利用率曲線的分析也表明優(yōu)化后的風(fēng)能利用率有明顯提升。主動(dòng)槳距控制策略的研究成果適用于方便安裝獨(dú)立控制裝置的大型垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)上，而被動(dòng)槳距控制裝置適用于在城鎮(zhèn)中或水下流場(chǎng)復(fù)雜的低成本小型垂直軸風(fēng)機(jī)。 CFD數(shù)值模擬了變槳距風(fēng)機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的流場(chǎng)，同樣證明了槳距控制對(duì)采能效率提升的有效性。此外，基于最優(yōu)槳距角曲線設(shè)計(jì)了一套被動(dòng)槳距控制機(jī)構(gòu)�？赏ㄟ^(guò)調(diào)節(jié)該機(jī)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的尺寸使風(fēng)輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中的槳距角與優(yōu)化的槳距角相近。對(duì)比分析表明，被動(dòng)槳距控制機(jī)構(gòu)能夠提高風(fēng)能利用率以及啟動(dòng)性能。
[Abstract]:In the face of energy crisis and global environmental pollution, the development and development of renewable energy is imminent. Fan, as a device to convert wind energy into electric energy, is an important tool for exploiting wind energy. According to the spindle direction of the fan, it can be divided into horizontal shaft fan and vertical (vertical axis) fan. Because of the high energy recovery effect of horizontal shaft fan, the technology has been relatively mature, but the vertical axis fan has not been paid attention to because of its low wind energy collection efficiency. In recent years, the ability of small vertical shaft fan to adapt to complex wind field and the potential to develop large vertical shaft fan make vertical shaft fan become more and more popular. In this paper, the vertical shaft fan with lift straight blade is taken as the research object, which is based on the characteristic that the pitch angle can change the aerodynamic performance of the blade significantly, in order to improve its self-starting performance and wind energy utilization efficiency. The traditional double-sided multi-flow tube (Double-Multiple-StreamTube, DMST) fan performance evaluation method has the characteristics of simple principle and efficient calculation. On the basis of the aerodynamic decomposition and calculation principle of variable pitch of vertical shaft fan with straight blade, this paper improves the traditional DMST program in three aspects: (1) adding the modification of dynamic stall; (2) the influence of variable pitch angle is added; (3) the program convergence is improved. The improved program improves the accuracy and convergence of the performance evaluation of the vertical shaft fan and can be used to calculate the variable pitch fan. Based on the DMST platform and genetic algorithm, a model for calculating the pitch angle of vertical fan with straight blade is established. The optimal pitch angle curve under different tip speed ratio is obtained, that is, the optimal control strategy of active propeller pitch angle. The analysis of tangential and normal force coefficient and wind energy utilization curve also shows that the optimized wind energy utilization rate is obviously improved. The research results of active pitch control strategy are suitable for large vertical shaft fans which can easily install independent control devices, while passive propeller pitch control devices are suitable for low cost and small vertical shaft fans with complex flow field in towns or underwater. The flow field of variable pitch fan is numerically simulated by CFD, which also proves the effectiveness of pitch control in improving energy recovery efficiency. In addition, a passive pitch control mechanism is designed based on the optimal pitch curve. By adjusting the size of the component of the mechanism, the pitch angle in the wind wheel rotation process is close to that of the optimized pitch angle. The comparison and analysis show that the passive pitch control mechanism can improve the wind energy utilization and start-up performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM614
本文編號(hào)：2384757
[Abstract]:In the face of energy crisis and global environmental pollution, the development and development of renewable energy is imminent. Fan, as a device to convert wind energy into electric energy, is an important tool for exploiting wind energy. According to the spindle direction of the fan, it can be divided into horizontal shaft fan and vertical (vertical axis) fan. Because of the high energy recovery effect of horizontal shaft fan, the technology has been relatively mature, but the vertical axis fan has not been paid attention to because of its low wind energy collection efficiency. In recent years, the ability of small vertical shaft fan to adapt to complex wind field and the potential to develop large vertical shaft fan make vertical shaft fan become more and more popular. In this paper, the vertical shaft fan with lift straight blade is taken as the research object, which is based on the characteristic that the pitch angle can change the aerodynamic performance of the blade significantly, in order to improve its self-starting performance and wind energy utilization efficiency. The traditional double-sided multi-flow tube (Double-Multiple-StreamTube, DMST) fan performance evaluation method has the characteristics of simple principle and efficient calculation. On the basis of the aerodynamic decomposition and calculation principle of variable pitch of vertical shaft fan with straight blade, this paper improves the traditional DMST program in three aspects: (1) adding the modification of dynamic stall; (2) the influence of variable pitch angle is added; (3) the program convergence is improved. The improved program improves the accuracy and convergence of the performance evaluation of the vertical shaft fan and can be used to calculate the variable pitch fan. Based on the DMST platform and genetic algorithm, a model for calculating the pitch angle of vertical fan with straight blade is established. The optimal pitch angle curve under different tip speed ratio is obtained, that is, the optimal control strategy of active propeller pitch angle. The analysis of tangential and normal force coefficient and wind energy utilization curve also shows that the optimized wind energy utilization rate is obviously improved. The research results of active pitch control strategy are suitable for large vertical shaft fans which can easily install independent control devices, while passive propeller pitch control devices are suitable for low cost and small vertical shaft fans with complex flow field in towns or underwater. The flow field of variable pitch fan is numerically simulated by CFD, which also proves the effectiveness of pitch control in improving energy recovery efficiency. In addition, a passive pitch control mechanism is designed based on the optimal pitch curve. By adjusting the size of the component of the mechanism, the pitch angle in the wind wheel rotation process is close to that of the optimized pitch angle. The comparison and analysis show that the passive pitch control mechanism can improve the wind energy utilization and start-up performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM614
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
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1 傅潔;張慧玲;何斌;范欽珊;;變槳距風(fēng)力機(jī)分段控制策略[J];南京工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2011年02期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 齊禮奎;直葉片豎軸風(fēng)機(jī)槳距控制策略優(yōu)化研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2014年
2 董維生;基于在線辨識(shí)的電控旋翼槳距控制研究[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2013年
本文編號(hào)：2384757
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