直葉片豎軸風機槳距控制策略優(yōu)化研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-17 20:29
【摘要】：面對能源危機以及全球環(huán)境污染等問題的日趨嚴重化，可再生能源的開發(fā)和發(fā)展已經迫在眉睫。風機作為一種將風能轉化為電能的裝置，是目前開采風能的重要工具。根據(jù)風機的主軸方向，可將其分為水平軸風機和垂直軸（豎軸）風機。由于水平軸風機采能效果高，技術已相對成熟，而垂直軸風機因其較低的風能采集效率一直未受重視。近年來，小型垂直軸風機適應復雜風場的能力，以及大型垂直軸風機開發(fā)的潛力，促使垂直軸風機又逐漸受到青睞。論文將以升力型直葉片垂直軸風機為研究對象，立足于槳距角能顯著改變葉片氣動性能的特點，旨在提高其自啟動性能和風能利用效率。 傳統(tǒng)雙面多流管（Double-Multiple-StreamTube, DMST）風機性能評估方法具有原理簡單，計算高效的特點。論文在對直葉片垂直軸風機變槳距的氣動力分解、計算原理詳細闡述的基礎上，，對傳統(tǒng)的DMST程序進行了三方面改進：（1）加入動態(tài)失速的修正；（2）加入可變槳距角的影響；（3）提高程序收斂性。改進后的程序提高了垂直軸風機性能評估的精度和收斂性，并可用于變槳距風機的計算。 在DMST平臺的基礎上，結合遺傳算法建立了直葉片垂直軸風機槳距角優(yōu)化計算模型。得到了不同葉尖速比下的最優(yōu)槳距角曲線，即主動槳距角控制的最優(yōu)策略。通過對切向和法向力系數(shù)及風能利用率曲線的分析也表明優(yōu)化后的風能利用率有明顯提升。主動槳距控制策略的研究成果適用于方便安裝獨立控制裝置的大型垂直軸風機上，而被動槳距控制裝置適用于在城鎮(zhèn)中或水下流場復雜的低成本小型垂直軸風機。 CFD數(shù)值模擬了變槳距風機運轉的流場，同樣證明了槳距控制對采能效率提升的有效性。此外，基于最優(yōu)槳距角曲線設計了一套被動槳距控制機構�？赏ㄟ^調節(jié)該機構構件的尺寸使風輪轉動過程中的槳距角與優(yōu)化的槳距角相近。對比分析表明，被動槳距控制機構能夠提高風能利用率以及啟動性能。
[Abstract]:In the face of energy crisis and global environmental pollution, the development and development of renewable energy is imminent. Fan, as a device to convert wind energy into electric energy, is an important tool for exploiting wind energy. According to the spindle direction of the fan, it can be divided into horizontal shaft fan and vertical (vertical axis) fan. Because of the high energy recovery effect of horizontal shaft fan, the technology has been relatively mature, but the vertical axis fan has not been paid attention to because of its low wind energy collection efficiency. In recent years, the ability of small vertical shaft fan to adapt to complex wind field and the potential to develop large vertical shaft fan make vertical shaft fan become more and more popular. In this paper, the vertical shaft fan with lift straight blade is taken as the research object, which is based on the characteristic that the pitch angle can change the aerodynamic performance of the blade significantly, in order to improve its self-starting performance and wind energy utilization efficiency. The traditional double-sided multi-flow tube (Double-Multiple-StreamTube, DMST) fan performance evaluation method has the characteristics of simple principle and efficient calculation. On the basis of the aerodynamic decomposition and calculation principle of variable pitch of vertical shaft fan with straight blade, this paper improves the traditional DMST program in three aspects: (1) adding the modification of dynamic stall; (2) the influence of variable pitch angle is added; (3) the program convergence is improved. The improved program improves the accuracy and convergence of the performance evaluation of the vertical shaft fan and can be used to calculate the variable pitch fan. Based on the DMST platform and genetic algorithm, a model for calculating the pitch angle of vertical fan with straight blade is established. The optimal pitch angle curve under different tip speed ratio is obtained, that is, the optimal control strategy of active propeller pitch angle. The analysis of tangential and normal force coefficient and wind energy utilization curve also shows that the optimized wind energy utilization rate is obviously improved. The research results of active pitch control strategy are suitable for large vertical shaft fans which can easily install independent control devices, while passive propeller pitch control devices are suitable for low cost and small vertical shaft fans with complex flow field in towns or underwater. The flow field of variable pitch fan is numerically simulated by CFD, which also proves the effectiveness of pitch control in improving energy recovery efficiency. In addition, a passive pitch control mechanism is designed based on the optimal pitch curve. By adjusting the size of the component of the mechanism, the pitch angle in the wind wheel rotation process is close to that of the optimized pitch angle. The comparison and analysis show that the passive pitch control mechanism can improve the wind energy utilization and start-up performance.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614
本文編號：2384757
[Abstract]:In the face of energy crisis and global environmental pollution, the development and development of renewable energy is imminent. Fan, as a device to convert wind energy into electric energy, is an important tool for exploiting wind energy. According to the spindle direction of the fan, it can be divided into horizontal shaft fan and vertical (vertical axis) fan. Because of the high energy recovery effect of horizontal shaft fan, the technology has been relatively mature, but the vertical axis fan has not been paid attention to because of its low wind energy collection efficiency. In recent years, the ability of small vertical shaft fan to adapt to complex wind field and the potential to develop large vertical shaft fan make vertical shaft fan become more and more popular. In this paper, the vertical shaft fan with lift straight blade is taken as the research object, which is based on the characteristic that the pitch angle can change the aerodynamic performance of the blade significantly, in order to improve its self-starting performance and wind energy utilization efficiency. The traditional double-sided multi-flow tube (Double-Multiple-StreamTube, DMST) fan performance evaluation method has the characteristics of simple principle and efficient calculation. On the basis of the aerodynamic decomposition and calculation principle of variable pitch of vertical shaft fan with straight blade, this paper improves the traditional DMST program in three aspects: (1) adding the modification of dynamic stall; (2) the influence of variable pitch angle is added; (3) the program convergence is improved. The improved program improves the accuracy and convergence of the performance evaluation of the vertical shaft fan and can be used to calculate the variable pitch fan. Based on the DMST platform and genetic algorithm, a model for calculating the pitch angle of vertical fan with straight blade is established. The optimal pitch angle curve under different tip speed ratio is obtained, that is, the optimal control strategy of active propeller pitch angle. The analysis of tangential and normal force coefficient and wind energy utilization curve also shows that the optimized wind energy utilization rate is obviously improved. The research results of active pitch control strategy are suitable for large vertical shaft fans which can easily install independent control devices, while passive propeller pitch control devices are suitable for low cost and small vertical shaft fans with complex flow field in towns or underwater. The flow field of variable pitch fan is numerically simulated by CFD, which also proves the effectiveness of pitch control in improving energy recovery efficiency. In addition, a passive pitch control mechanism is designed based on the optimal pitch curve. By adjusting the size of the component of the mechanism, the pitch angle in the wind wheel rotation process is close to that of the optimized pitch angle. The comparison and analysis show that the passive pitch control mechanism can improve the wind energy utilization and start-up performance.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614
【相似文獻】
相關期刊論文 前1條
1 傅潔;張慧玲;何斌;范欽珊;;變槳距風力機分段控制策略[J];南京工業(yè)大學學報(自然科學版);2011年02期
相關碩士學位論文 前2條
1 齊禮奎;直葉片豎軸風機槳距控制策略優(yōu)化研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學;2014年
2 董維生;基于在線辨識的電控旋翼槳距控制研究[D];南京航空航天大學;2013年
本文編號：2384757
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/dianlilw/2384757.html
教材專著
