【摘要】：逆變器作為不間斷電源、光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)等系統(tǒng)的核心,其控制算法決定了逆變器的性能、關(guān)系到整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。目前,逆變器多采用PID控制算法,不能實(shí)現(xiàn)逆變器的無(wú)靜差調(diào)節(jié)。針對(duì)此問題,本文提出了一種雙閉環(huán)準(zhǔn)比例諧振控制方式,并以dsPIC單片機(jī)為核心設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī),對(duì)控制算法進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明本文提出的控制算法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)逆變器的無(wú)靜差調(diào)節(jié)。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下： 首先對(duì)單相逆變器的數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行分析,通過平均狀態(tài)分析方法對(duì)單極性SPWM控制的逆變器進(jìn)行建模,在簡(jiǎn)化模型的基礎(chǔ)上,將逆變器的設(shè)計(jì)分為濾波器、電流內(nèi)環(huán)控制器、電壓外環(huán)控制器三個(gè)部分,建立了可適應(yīng)多種控制算法的單相逆變器雙環(huán)控制模型。 在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)LC濾波器進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)比分析了比例諧振控制器和準(zhǔn)比例諧振控制器的特性,建立了基于雙閉環(huán)準(zhǔn)比例諧振控制器的控制算法,分析了電流內(nèi)環(huán)和電壓外環(huán)的開環(huán)、閉環(huán)頻率特性以及準(zhǔn)比例諧振控制的無(wú)靜差控制性能。 其次,建立了雙閉環(huán)準(zhǔn)比例諧振控制逆變器的MATLAB仿真模型,對(duì)逆變器在滿載、半載、阻感性負(fù)載及非線性負(fù)載情況下的穩(wěn)態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行仿真,驗(yàn)證了雙閉環(huán)準(zhǔn)比例諧振器的控制效果。 最后,對(duì)逆變器的硬件電路進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),分析了控制電路、采樣電路、驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、采樣信號(hào)濾波電路的設(shè)計(jì)原理,結(jié)合dsPIC單片機(jī)進(jìn)行軟件設(shè)計(jì),搭建了實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī),并在低壓下進(jìn)行了算法驗(yàn)證調(diào)試。
[Abstract]:As the core of uninterruptible power supply and photovoltaic system, the control algorithm of inverter determines the performance of inverter and relates to the running state of the whole system. At present, most inverters adopt PID control algorithm, which can not realize the static error regulation of the inverter. In order to solve this problem, a double closed loop quasi-proportional resonance control method is proposed in this paper. The experimental prototype is designed with dsPIC microcontroller as the core, and the control algorithm is verified. The results show that the proposed control algorithm can realize the static error control of the inverter. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the mathematical model of single-phase inverter is analyzed, and the unipolar SPWM inverter is modeled by the average state analysis method. The inverter is divided into three parts: filter, current inner loop controller and voltage outer loop controller. On this basis, the LC filter is designed, the characteristics of the proportional resonance controller and the quasi-proportional resonance controller are compared and analyzed, and the control algorithm based on the double closed loop quasi-proportional resonance controller is established. The open-loop and closed-loop frequency characteristics of current inner loop and voltage outer loop and the static error control performance of quasi-proportional resonance control are analyzed. Secondly, the MATLAB simulation model of double closed loop quasi-proportional resonant control inverter is established, and the steady and dynamic characteristics of the inverter under full load, half load, resistive load and nonlinear load are simulated. The control effect of double closed loop quasi-proportional resonator is verified. Finally, the design principle of the control circuit, sampling circuit, driving circuit and sampling signal filter circuit is analyzed. The software design of the inverter is combined with the dsPIC microcontroller, and the experimental prototype is built. The algorithm is validated and debugged at low voltage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM464

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