【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會(huì)，電機(jī)作為主要的動(dòng)力設(shè)備已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、運(yùn)輸業(yè)等各個(gè)行業(yè)，尤其是異步電機(jī)的用電量已經(jīng)占了工業(yè)用電量的60%以上。但是在很多場(chǎng)合，異步電機(jī)的效率卻很低，對(duì)于能源需求不斷增加的今天，提高異步電機(jī)的效率有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 論文首先對(duì)異步電機(jī)的損耗進(jìn)行分析，在此基礎(chǔ)上搭建了考慮異步電機(jī)鐵耗的仿真模型。采用轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈定向控制的電壓空間矢量和雙閉環(huán)控制保證了系統(tǒng)的快速響應(yīng)性和穩(wěn)定性，為下文的效率優(yōu)化研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 目前異步電機(jī)效率優(yōu)化控制方法主要有三種：損耗模型優(yōu)化控制，定子電流最小化優(yōu)化控制和輸入功率最小化優(yōu)化控制。損耗模型優(yōu)化控制易受電機(jī)參數(shù)變化影響，對(duì)優(yōu)化效果不利；定子電流最小是局部最優(yōu)；輸入功率最小優(yōu)化控制既可以不受電機(jī)參數(shù)影響又可以做到全局最優(yōu)，本文采用輸入功率最小優(yōu)化控制。 論文在深入研究了黃金分割法和模糊搜索控制的基礎(chǔ)上，給出了一種新型的混合控制方法，該方法在線獲得系統(tǒng)的輸入功率，不受電機(jī)參數(shù)變化的影響。該方法解決了黃金分割在搜索初始階段步長(zhǎng)較大引起電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)較大的問題，在模糊控制中設(shè)計(jì)了合理的比例因子和隸屬度函數(shù)，保證了在初始階段搜索步長(zhǎng)根據(jù)電機(jī)工況進(jìn)行在線調(diào)整，減小轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)；并針對(duì)弱磁情況，給出了一種動(dòng)態(tài)電流分配法提高系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)速度。 對(duì)比仿真結(jié)果，可以看出黃金分割法具有確定的收斂速度，在優(yōu)化的后半段中接入黃金分割法可以有效解決模糊控制在最優(yōu)點(diǎn)附近震蕩問題和收斂速度慢問題，保證了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。本文設(shè)計(jì)的混合控制方法結(jié)合了黃金分割法和模糊搜索控制法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，不僅有效提高了系統(tǒng)的效率，也明顯提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性，由于不受電機(jī)參數(shù)的影響，，具有較好的魯棒性。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了動(dòng)態(tài)電流分配法有效性和新型混合搜索法的正確性，在此基礎(chǔ)上又對(duì)混合搜索法在不同工況下的優(yōu)化效果做了進(jìn)一步的研究，對(duì)比分析了混合控制方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, as the main power equipment, motor has been widely used in industry, agriculture, transportation and other industries, especially in the asynchronous motor power consumption has accounted for more than 60% of the industrial electricity consumption. However, in many cases, the efficiency of asynchronous motor is very low, which has an important practical significance to improve the efficiency of asynchronous motor. Firstly, the loss of induction motor is analyzed, and a simulation model considering the iron loss of asynchronous motor is built. The voltage space vector and double closed loop control of rotor flux oriented control can guarantee the system's fast response and stability, which lays a foundation for the efficiency optimization research in this paper. At present, there are three kinds of optimal control methods for induction motor efficiency: loss model optimization control, stator current minimization optimization control and input power minimization optimization control. The optimal control of loss model is easy to be affected by the parameters of the motor, which is unfavorable to the optimization effect, and the minimum stator current is the local optimum. The input power minimum optimal control can not only be influenced by the motor parameters, but also be globally optimal. In this paper, the input power minimum optimization control is adopted. Based on the research of golden section method and fuzzy search control, a new hybrid control method is proposed in this paper. This method can get the input power of the system online and is not affected by the change of motor parameters. This method solves the problem that the large step size of golden section in the initial stage of searching leads to large electromagnetic torque fluctuation, and designs a reasonable proportion factor and membership function in fuzzy control. In the initial stage, the searching step size is adjusted online according to the motor working condition to reduce the torque ripple. For weak magnetic field, a dynamic current allocation method is proposed to improve the dynamic response speed of the system. Compared with the simulation results, we can see that the golden section method has certain convergence speed, and the golden section method can effectively solve the problem of fuzzy control oscillating near the best point and the slow convergence speed in the second half of the optimization. The stability of the system is guaranteed. The hybrid control method designed in this paper combines the advantages of golden section method and fuzzy search control method. It not only effectively improves the efficiency of the system, but also obviously improves the stability of the system, because it is not affected by the parameters of the motor. It has good robustness. The simulation results verify the validity of the dynamic current distribution method and the correctness of the new hybrid search method. On this basis, the optimization effect of the hybrid search method under different working conditions is further studied, and the advantages of the hybrid control method are compared and analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM343

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