基于相位重合檢測(cè)包絡(luò)特征的相位噪聲測(cè)量
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-13 19:18
【摘要】：本文提出了基于相位重合檢測(cè)包絡(luò)特征的相位噪聲(簡(jiǎn)稱相噪)測(cè)量方法,這是一種全新的測(cè)量方法。它的理論基礎(chǔ)包括：周期性信號(hào)間的相位關(guān)系、相位重合檢測(cè)線路特性和維納-辛欽定理。利用相位重合檢測(cè)線路檢驗(yàn)參考和被測(cè)信號(hào)的相位重合點(diǎn)時(shí),由于線路存在一定的分辨率,所以在兩信號(hào)的相位差小于一定的值時(shí),都會(huì)輸出重合脈沖。因?yàn)閰⒖己捅粶y(cè)信號(hào)的標(biāo)稱頻率相同或者成倍數(shù)并帶有微小偏差,所以兩信號(hào)間的相位差變化存在單調(diào)性。因此,相位重合檢測(cè)線路輸出的重合脈沖是集中出現(xiàn)的,呈現(xiàn)出一種包絡(luò)的形狀。利用基于相位重合檢測(cè)的頻率測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn),說明了相位重合檢測(cè)包絡(luò)是相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的。同時(shí),包絡(luò)又存在著細(xì)微的變化,這是由相噪引起的,所以可以由包絡(luò)的變化提取信號(hào)的相位抖動(dòng)信息,從而測(cè)得信號(hào)的相噪。由參考和被測(cè)信號(hào)間的相位關(guān)系可知,理想的包絡(luò)是三角形狀的。根據(jù)采集的實(shí)際包絡(luò)信息,可以推算出理想的包絡(luò)狀況。將采集的包絡(luò)信息和理想的包絡(luò)進(jìn)行比較,可以得到和相位起伏相對(duì)應(yīng)的電壓起伏。根據(jù)理想包絡(luò)的電壓步進(jìn)和量化相移分辨率的關(guān)系,可以從電壓起伏中提取信號(hào)的相位抖動(dòng)。最后,按照維納-辛欽定理將相位抖動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為相噪,從而作出相噪曲線。與傳統(tǒng)的相噪測(cè)量方法相比,基于相位重合檢測(cè)包絡(luò)的相噪測(cè)量方法有三個(gè)特點(diǎn)：第一,這一方法不需要參考和被測(cè)信號(hào)的頻率相同,而傳統(tǒng)的測(cè)量方法在頻率差異較大時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)無法鎖相情況,從而導(dǎo)致無法測(cè)量。即使可以測(cè)量,鎖相過程相當(dāng)復(fù)雜,花費(fèi)的時(shí)間也相當(dāng)?shù)拈L(zhǎng)。第二,利用重合檢測(cè)包絡(luò)提取相位抖動(dòng),不需要復(fù)雜、高精度的混頻電路和鎖相電路,線路簡(jiǎn)單,且成本較低。第三,利用維納-辛欽定理將相位抖動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為單邊帶相噪,理論基礎(chǔ)充分。文中詳細(xì)介紹了相位抖動(dòng)的提取和轉(zhuǎn)化為單邊帶相噪的過程,以及相噪測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)。硬件主要包括信號(hào)的整形放大、電平轉(zhuǎn)換以及重合檢測(cè)。軟件主要是基于LabVIEW的相位抖動(dòng)提取和到相噪的轉(zhuǎn)換。同時(shí),利用這一系統(tǒng)對(duì)頻率源的相噪進(jìn)行測(cè)量,并將其測(cè)量結(jié)果和PN8010的進(jìn)行比較和分析,找出其中的不足,然后進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)母倪M(jìn)�；谙辔恢睾蠙z測(cè)包絡(luò)的相噪測(cè)量系統(tǒng)目前可以反映信號(hào)源的相噪的整體趨勢(shì),但是無法反映一些細(xì)微的特征,一些后期的調(diào)整還沒有搞清楚原因,有待以后繼續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope feature is proposed, which is a new measurement method. Its theoretical basis includes the phase relationship between periodic signals, phase coincidence detection circuit characteristics and Wiener-Sinchinding theorem. When the phase coincidence is used to detect the phase coincidence point of the reference signal and the measured signal, because the line has a certain resolution, when the phase difference of the two signals is less than a certain value, the coincidence pulse will be output. Because the nominal frequency of the reference and the measured signal is the same or multiple with small deviation, the phase difference between the two signals is monotonic. Therefore, the output coincident pulse of phase coincidence detection line is concentrated, showing an envelope shape. The frequency measurement experiment based on phase coincidence detection shows that the envelope of phase coincidence detection is relatively stable. At the same time, there is a slight change in the envelope, which is caused by the phase noise, so the phase jitter information of the signal can be extracted from the change of the envelope, and the phase noise of the signal can be measured. The phase relationship between the reference and the measured signal shows that the ideal envelope is triangular in shape. According to the actual envelope information collected, the ideal envelope condition can be calculated. By comparing the collected envelope information with the ideal envelope, the voltage fluctuation corresponding to the phase fluctuation can be obtained. The phase jitter of the signal can be extracted from the voltage fluctuation according to the relationship between the voltage step of the ideal envelope and the resolution of the quantized phase shift. Finally, the phase jitter is transformed into phase noise according to Wiener-Sinchin theorem, and the phase noise curve is obtained. Compared with the traditional phase noise measurement method, the phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope has three characteristics: first, this method does not need the same frequency of reference and measured signal. However, the traditional measurement methods can not be phase-locked when the frequency difference is large, which leads to undetectable. Even if it can be measured, the phase locking process is complex and takes a considerable amount of time. Secondly, the phase jitter is extracted by using coincidence detection envelope, which does not require complex, high-precision mixing circuit and phase-locked circuit. The circuit is simple and the cost is low. Thirdly, using Wiener-Sinchin theorem to transform phase jitter into single sideband phase noise, the theoretical basis is sufficient. In this paper, the process of phase jitter extraction and transformation into single sideband phase noise, and the hardware and software implementation of phase noise measurement system are introduced in detail. Hardware includes signal shaping and amplification, level conversion and coincidence detection. The software is mainly based on LabVIEW phase jitter extraction and phase noise conversion. At the same time, the system is used to measure the phase noise of the frequency source, and the results of the measurement are compared and analyzed with PN8010 to find out the shortcomings, and then make appropriate improvement. The phase noise measurement system based on phase coincidence detection envelope can reflect the overall trend of phase noise of signal source at present, but it can not reflect some subtle features.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM937.4
本文編號(hào)：2377078
[Abstract]:In this paper, a phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope feature is proposed, which is a new measurement method. Its theoretical basis includes the phase relationship between periodic signals, phase coincidence detection circuit characteristics and Wiener-Sinchinding theorem. When the phase coincidence is used to detect the phase coincidence point of the reference signal and the measured signal, because the line has a certain resolution, when the phase difference of the two signals is less than a certain value, the coincidence pulse will be output. Because the nominal frequency of the reference and the measured signal is the same or multiple with small deviation, the phase difference between the two signals is monotonic. Therefore, the output coincident pulse of phase coincidence detection line is concentrated, showing an envelope shape. The frequency measurement experiment based on phase coincidence detection shows that the envelope of phase coincidence detection is relatively stable. At the same time, there is a slight change in the envelope, which is caused by the phase noise, so the phase jitter information of the signal can be extracted from the change of the envelope, and the phase noise of the signal can be measured. The phase relationship between the reference and the measured signal shows that the ideal envelope is triangular in shape. According to the actual envelope information collected, the ideal envelope condition can be calculated. By comparing the collected envelope information with the ideal envelope, the voltage fluctuation corresponding to the phase fluctuation can be obtained. The phase jitter of the signal can be extracted from the voltage fluctuation according to the relationship between the voltage step of the ideal envelope and the resolution of the quantized phase shift. Finally, the phase jitter is transformed into phase noise according to Wiener-Sinchin theorem, and the phase noise curve is obtained. Compared with the traditional phase noise measurement method, the phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope has three characteristics: first, this method does not need the same frequency of reference and measured signal. However, the traditional measurement methods can not be phase-locked when the frequency difference is large, which leads to undetectable. Even if it can be measured, the phase locking process is complex and takes a considerable amount of time. Secondly, the phase jitter is extracted by using coincidence detection envelope, which does not require complex, high-precision mixing circuit and phase-locked circuit. The circuit is simple and the cost is low. Thirdly, using Wiener-Sinchin theorem to transform phase jitter into single sideband phase noise, the theoretical basis is sufficient. In this paper, the process of phase jitter extraction and transformation into single sideband phase noise, and the hardware and software implementation of phase noise measurement system are introduced in detail. Hardware includes signal shaping and amplification, level conversion and coincidence detection. The software is mainly based on LabVIEW phase jitter extraction and phase noise conversion. At the same time, the system is used to measure the phase noise of the frequency source, and the results of the measurement are compared and analyzed with PN8010 to find out the shortcomings, and then make appropriate improvement. The phase noise measurement system based on phase coincidence detection envelope can reflect the overall trend of phase noise of signal source at present, but it can not reflect some subtle features.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM937.4
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