基于相位重合檢測包絡(luò)特征的相位噪聲測量
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-13 19:18
【摘要】：本文提出了基于相位重合檢測包絡(luò)特征的相位噪聲(簡稱相噪)測量方法,這是一種全新的測量方法。它的理論基礎(chǔ)包括：周期性信號間的相位關(guān)系、相位重合檢測線路特性和維納-辛欽定理。利用相位重合檢測線路檢驗參考和被測信號的相位重合點時,由于線路存在一定的分辨率,所以在兩信號的相位差小于一定的值時,都會輸出重合脈沖。因為參考和被測信號的標稱頻率相同或者成倍數(shù)并帶有微小偏差,所以兩信號間的相位差變化存在單調(diào)性。因此,相位重合檢測線路輸出的重合脈沖是集中出現(xiàn)的,呈現(xiàn)出一種包絡(luò)的形狀。利用基于相位重合檢測的頻率測量實驗,說明了相位重合檢測包絡(luò)是相對穩(wěn)定的。同時,包絡(luò)又存在著細微的變化,這是由相噪引起的,所以可以由包絡(luò)的變化提取信號的相位抖動信息,從而測得信號的相噪。由參考和被測信號間的相位關(guān)系可知,理想的包絡(luò)是三角形狀的。根據(jù)采集的實際包絡(luò)信息,可以推算出理想的包絡(luò)狀況。將采集的包絡(luò)信息和理想的包絡(luò)進行比較,可以得到和相位起伏相對應(yīng)的電壓起伏。根據(jù)理想包絡(luò)的電壓步進和量化相移分辨率的關(guān)系,可以從電壓起伏中提取信號的相位抖動。最后,按照維納-辛欽定理將相位抖動轉(zhuǎn)化為相噪,從而作出相噪曲線。與傳統(tǒng)的相噪測量方法相比,基于相位重合檢測包絡(luò)的相噪測量方法有三個特點：第一,這一方法不需要參考和被測信號的頻率相同,而傳統(tǒng)的測量方法在頻率差異較大時會出現(xiàn)無法鎖相情況,從而導(dǎo)致無法測量。即使可以測量,鎖相過程相當復(fù)雜,花費的時間也相當?shù)拈L。第二,利用重合檢測包絡(luò)提取相位抖動,不需要復(fù)雜、高精度的混頻電路和鎖相電路,線路簡單,且成本較低。第三,利用維納-辛欽定理將相位抖動轉(zhuǎn)化為單邊帶相噪,理論基礎(chǔ)充分。文中詳細介紹了相位抖動的提取和轉(zhuǎn)化為單邊帶相噪的過程,以及相噪測量系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件實現(xiàn)。硬件主要包括信號的整形放大、電平轉(zhuǎn)換以及重合檢測。軟件主要是基于LabVIEW的相位抖動提取和到相噪的轉(zhuǎn)換。同時,利用這一系統(tǒng)對頻率源的相噪進行測量,并將其測量結(jié)果和PN8010的進行比較和分析,找出其中的不足,然后進行適當?shù)母倪M。基于相位重合檢測包絡(luò)的相噪測量系統(tǒng)目前可以反映信號源的相噪的整體趨勢,但是無法反映一些細微的特征,一些后期的調(diào)整還沒有搞清楚原因,有待以后繼續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope feature is proposed, which is a new measurement method. Its theoretical basis includes the phase relationship between periodic signals, phase coincidence detection circuit characteristics and Wiener-Sinchinding theorem. When the phase coincidence is used to detect the phase coincidence point of the reference signal and the measured signal, because the line has a certain resolution, when the phase difference of the two signals is less than a certain value, the coincidence pulse will be output. Because the nominal frequency of the reference and the measured signal is the same or multiple with small deviation, the phase difference between the two signals is monotonic. Therefore, the output coincident pulse of phase coincidence detection line is concentrated, showing an envelope shape. The frequency measurement experiment based on phase coincidence detection shows that the envelope of phase coincidence detection is relatively stable. At the same time, there is a slight change in the envelope, which is caused by the phase noise, so the phase jitter information of the signal can be extracted from the change of the envelope, and the phase noise of the signal can be measured. The phase relationship between the reference and the measured signal shows that the ideal envelope is triangular in shape. According to the actual envelope information collected, the ideal envelope condition can be calculated. By comparing the collected envelope information with the ideal envelope, the voltage fluctuation corresponding to the phase fluctuation can be obtained. The phase jitter of the signal can be extracted from the voltage fluctuation according to the relationship between the voltage step of the ideal envelope and the resolution of the quantized phase shift. Finally, the phase jitter is transformed into phase noise according to Wiener-Sinchin theorem, and the phase noise curve is obtained. Compared with the traditional phase noise measurement method, the phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope has three characteristics: first, this method does not need the same frequency of reference and measured signal. However, the traditional measurement methods can not be phase-locked when the frequency difference is large, which leads to undetectable. Even if it can be measured, the phase locking process is complex and takes a considerable amount of time. Secondly, the phase jitter is extracted by using coincidence detection envelope, which does not require complex, high-precision mixing circuit and phase-locked circuit. The circuit is simple and the cost is low. Thirdly, using Wiener-Sinchin theorem to transform phase jitter into single sideband phase noise, the theoretical basis is sufficient. In this paper, the process of phase jitter extraction and transformation into single sideband phase noise, and the hardware and software implementation of phase noise measurement system are introduced in detail. Hardware includes signal shaping and amplification, level conversion and coincidence detection. The software is mainly based on LabVIEW phase jitter extraction and phase noise conversion. At the same time, the system is used to measure the phase noise of the frequency source, and the results of the measurement are compared and analyzed with PN8010 to find out the shortcomings, and then make appropriate improvement. The phase noise measurement system based on phase coincidence detection envelope can reflect the overall trend of phase noise of signal source at present, but it can not reflect some subtle features.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM937.4
本文編號：2377078
[Abstract]:In this paper, a phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope feature is proposed, which is a new measurement method. Its theoretical basis includes the phase relationship between periodic signals, phase coincidence detection circuit characteristics and Wiener-Sinchinding theorem. When the phase coincidence is used to detect the phase coincidence point of the reference signal and the measured signal, because the line has a certain resolution, when the phase difference of the two signals is less than a certain value, the coincidence pulse will be output. Because the nominal frequency of the reference and the measured signal is the same or multiple with small deviation, the phase difference between the two signals is monotonic. Therefore, the output coincident pulse of phase coincidence detection line is concentrated, showing an envelope shape. The frequency measurement experiment based on phase coincidence detection shows that the envelope of phase coincidence detection is relatively stable. At the same time, there is a slight change in the envelope, which is caused by the phase noise, so the phase jitter information of the signal can be extracted from the change of the envelope, and the phase noise of the signal can be measured. The phase relationship between the reference and the measured signal shows that the ideal envelope is triangular in shape. According to the actual envelope information collected, the ideal envelope condition can be calculated. By comparing the collected envelope information with the ideal envelope, the voltage fluctuation corresponding to the phase fluctuation can be obtained. The phase jitter of the signal can be extracted from the voltage fluctuation according to the relationship between the voltage step of the ideal envelope and the resolution of the quantized phase shift. Finally, the phase jitter is transformed into phase noise according to Wiener-Sinchin theorem, and the phase noise curve is obtained. Compared with the traditional phase noise measurement method, the phase noise measurement method based on phase coincidence detection envelope has three characteristics: first, this method does not need the same frequency of reference and measured signal. However, the traditional measurement methods can not be phase-locked when the frequency difference is large, which leads to undetectable. Even if it can be measured, the phase locking process is complex and takes a considerable amount of time. Secondly, the phase jitter is extracted by using coincidence detection envelope, which does not require complex, high-precision mixing circuit and phase-locked circuit. The circuit is simple and the cost is low. Thirdly, using Wiener-Sinchin theorem to transform phase jitter into single sideband phase noise, the theoretical basis is sufficient. In this paper, the process of phase jitter extraction and transformation into single sideband phase noise, and the hardware and software implementation of phase noise measurement system are introduced in detail. Hardware includes signal shaping and amplification, level conversion and coincidence detection. The software is mainly based on LabVIEW phase jitter extraction and phase noise conversion. At the same time, the system is used to measure the phase noise of the frequency source, and the results of the measurement are compared and analyzed with PN8010 to find out the shortcomings, and then make appropriate improvement. The phase noise measurement system based on phase coincidence detection envelope can reflect the overall trend of phase noise of signal source at present, but it can not reflect some subtle features.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM937.4
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2 李鋒林;陳伯孝;張守宏;;一種高穩(wěn)定性頻率源的低接近載波相位噪聲的測量方法[J];電子學報;2008年03期
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