【摘要】：油紙絕緣系統(tǒng)是油浸式電力變壓器的重要組成部分,其性能的好壞將直接影響變壓器的可靠性和使用壽命。絕緣紙介電常數(shù)大和耐高溫性較差、易分解的缺陷,限制了油浸式變壓器朝大容量、小體積方向的發(fā)展。因此,尋找一種絕緣性能優(yōu)越、耐高溫性能較好的新型絕緣材料替代絕緣紙,將為變壓器朝大容量、小型化發(fā)展提供新的可能。本文選擇了聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚酯薄膜(PET)兩種聚合物材料,與絕緣紙作對(duì)比,分別在90℃、110℃和130℃三種溫度下,進(jìn)行了為期300天的老化實(shí)驗(yàn),主要研究了其固體材料特性和其油中特性,分別進(jìn)行了聚合度、機(jī)械性能、表面粗糙度、熱力學(xué)分析、油中溶解氣體、油中生成物的測(cè)試。從上述實(shí)驗(yàn)可以看出,聚合度、斷裂伸長(zhǎng)率、表面粗糙度、油中生成物均可以用來(lái)表征三種絕緣材料的老化程度；熱裂解特征值、熱焓值、油中溶解氣體均可以用來(lái)表征絕緣紙的老化程度,但不能用來(lái)表征聚碳酸酯與聚酯薄膜的。就其各特征參量的變化率而言,絕緣紙?jiān)谌N老化溫度下各特征量的變化率最快,90℃下聚碳酸酯的變化率最慢,110℃下聚碳酸酯與聚酯薄膜兩者相當(dāng),130℃老化較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后聚酯薄膜最低。即三種老化溫度下絕緣紙的性能最差,90℃下聚碳酸酯的耐老化性最好,110℃下聚碳酸酯與聚酯薄膜相當(dāng),130℃下長(zhǎng)期使用時(shí)聚酯薄膜優(yōu)于聚碳酸酯。由于變壓器長(zhǎng)期工作溫度范圍為75℃-85℃,最高熱點(diǎn)溫度也僅達(dá)到98℃,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)130℃下長(zhǎng)期工作的情況。因此,聚碳酸酯材料替代絕緣紙應(yīng)用于油浸式變壓器中,具有較好的發(fā)展前景和進(jìn)一步的研究?jī)r(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Oil-paper insulation system is an important part of oil-immersed power transformer. Its performance will directly affect the reliability and service life of transformer. The large dielectric constant, poor high temperature resistance and easy decomposition of insulator paper limit the development of oil-immersed transformers in the direction of large capacity and small volume. Therefore, looking for a new insulating material with superior insulation and high temperature resistance to replace insulator paper will provide a new possibility for the development of transformer towards large capacity and miniaturization. In this paper, two kinds of polycarbonate (PC), polyester film (PET) were selected and compared with insulator paper. The aging experiments were carried out for 300 days at 90 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2376268