【摘要】：微機(jī)電系統(tǒng)及傳統(tǒng)無(wú)線傳感節(jié)點(diǎn)的供能主要依靠化學(xué)電池,而化學(xué)電池存在體積大、壽命短、更換頻繁等諸多缺點(diǎn),采用新型能量采集系統(tǒng)為之供電是未來(lái)必然趨勢(shì)。振動(dòng)在自然界中廣泛存在,其具有能量密度大、清潔環(huán)保、工作穩(wěn)定及易于微型化等優(yōu)點(diǎn),振動(dòng)能量采集受到極大關(guān)注。但目前大部分振動(dòng)能量采集器只考慮單一方向,因此,本文提出一種具有多方向振動(dòng)能量采集功能的球形永磁陣列能量采集器。論文首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外振動(dòng)能量采集技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了歸納分析,然后設(shè)計(jì)了一種球形振動(dòng)能量采集器,其目的在于利用球體的空間對(duì)稱性來(lái)有效收集環(huán)境中各個(gè)方向的振動(dòng)能。之后,建立了相應(yīng)的物理模型并對(duì)其動(dòng)力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了分析,針對(duì)換能結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)了一種球面Halbach永磁陣列,對(duì)其磁路進(jìn)行了理論分析。根據(jù)得出的解析結(jié)果對(duì)模型中的各個(gè)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,再利用Ansoft Maxwell軟件對(duì)該模型進(jìn)行有限元仿真分析,將仿真結(jié)果與理論分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了相互驗(yàn)證比較。最后針對(duì)換能結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)了一種正十二面體永磁陣列,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了仿真分析。繪制了工程圖紙、加工了實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī),并搭建了一個(gè)多方向振動(dòng)能收集的性能測(cè)試平臺(tái)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該樣機(jī)能夠響應(yīng)環(huán)境中任意方向的振動(dòng),從而得出輸出電能。當(dāng)外部激勵(lì)頻率為10Hz、激勵(lì)方向?yàn)樗椒较颉⒇?fù)載阻值為50Ω時(shí),該球形振動(dòng)能量采集器的輸出電能達(dá)到最大,單個(gè)線圈中最大的負(fù)載功率可達(dá)到0.8mW。研究表明,該球形振動(dòng)能量采集器對(duì)多方向環(huán)境振動(dòng)具有較好的適應(yīng)性,本文研究成果對(duì)后續(xù)的多方向振動(dòng)能量采集研究具有一定指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The energy supply of MEMS and traditional wireless sensor nodes mainly depends on chemical battery, which has many disadvantages, such as large volume, short life, frequent replacement and so on. It is an inevitable trend in the future to use a new energy acquisition system to supply power. Vibration exists widely in nature. It has the advantages of high energy density, clean and environmental protection, stable work and easy miniaturization. However, at present, most vibration energy collectors only consider a single direction. Therefore, a spherical permanent magnet array energy collector with multi-direction vibration energy acquisition function is proposed in this paper. In this paper, the research status of vibration energy acquisition technology at home and abroad is summarized and analyzed, and then a spherical vibration energy collector is designed, which aims to collect vibration energy in every direction of the environment by using the space symmetry of the sphere. Then, the corresponding physical model is established and its dynamic characteristics are analyzed. A spherical Halbach permanent magnet array is designed for the energy transfer structure, and its magnetic circuit is theoretically analyzed. According to the analytical results, the parameters in the model are optimized. On this basis, the finite element simulation analysis of the model is carried out by using Ansoft Maxwell software, and the simulation results are compared with the theoretical analysis results. Finally, a normal dodecahedral permanent magnet array is designed and simulated. The engineering drawings are drawn, the experimental prototype is machined, and a multi-directional vibration energy collection performance test platform is built. The experimental results show that the prototype can respond to the vibration in any direction in the environment, thus the output electric energy can be obtained. When the external excitation frequency is 10 Hz, the excitation direction is horizontal and the load resistance is 50 惟, the output power of the spherical vibration energy collector reaches the maximum, and the maximum load power in a single coil can reach 0.8 MW. The research shows that the spherical vibration energy collector has a good adaptability to the multi-directional environment vibration, and the research results in this paper have a certain guiding significance for the subsequent multi-direction vibration energy acquisition research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM619
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本文編號(hào)：2373137